Armenian Folia Anglistika
type: channel
description: Armenian Folia Anglistika is the official peer-reviewed academic journal of the Armenian Association for the Study of English (established in 2005) and Yerevan State University (affiliated since 2015). Its primary objective is to provide a platform for the dissemination of original research and critical thought in the fields of English Language and Linguistics, Literature, Methodology, Culture, Translation Studies, and Gender Studies, fostering academic dialogue and collaboration among scholars, researchers, and educators within Armenia and across the global scholarly community. In 2007, the Editorial Board of Armenian Folia Anglistika inaugurated a new section entitled Armenological Studies, designed to encourage valuable and innovative research in the areas of Armenian Linguistics, Literature, Ethnic Studies, History, Cultural History, and Genocide Studies. This section aims to promote interdisciplinary dialogue and contribute to a deeper understanding of Armenia’s cultural and intellectual heritage within a global academic context. The journal is published twice a year and welcomes original scholarly articles. Submissions are reviewed by a multi-national Editorial Board, which is committed to maintaining high academic standards and fostering international collaboration in the humanities.
publisher: Yerevan State University (since 2015) & Armenian Association for the Study of English (since 2005)
language: en
publication name: Armenian Folia Anglistika
issn: 1829-2429
items: FRONT MATTER
items: CONTENTS
items: AI-ASSISTED DIFFERENTIATED INSTRUCTION AND EFL WRITING MOTIVATION: A CORRELATIONAL STUDY
items: CULTURAL CAPITAL, STUDY HABITS, AND EARLY ENGLISH ACHIEVEMENT: EVIDENCE FROM ALGERIAN PRIMARY SCHOOLS
items: THE INTEGRATION OF MONDLY VR IN CHINESE EFL CLASSROOMS: A CASE STUDY
items: EMI TEACHERS AND AI: A TAM PERSPECTIVE
items: DETERMINANTS OF TECHNOLOGY-ASSISTED LEARNING METHODS IN HIGHER EDUCATION ESTABLISHMENTS
items: NETWORKED VOICES, DIGITAL SOLIDARITY: FEMINIST RESISTANCE AND MEDIA MOBILIZATION IN CONTEMPORARY ALGERIA
items: JAMES JOYCE’S THE DEAD: FROM ANASTOMOSIS TO EPIPHANY
items: STUDENTS' REFLECTIONS ON ORAL PRESENTATIONS IN AN ENGLISH AS A LINGUA FRANCA CONTEXT: A CASE STUDY
items: THE GENOCIDE OF ARMENIANS: A VIEW FROM INSIDE AND OUTSIDE
items: INTERNATIONAL ATTITUDE TO CULTURAL GENOCIDE PREVENTION IN NAGORNO-KARABAKH: A LINGUISTIC PERSPECTIVE
items: THE CATHOLICOSATE OF THE GREAT HOUSE OF CILICIA AND THE EMIGRATION OF ARMENIANS FROM THE SANJAK OF ALEXANDRETTA
items: THE HISTORY OF THE FILM VERSIONS OF FRANZ WERFEL’S NOVEL“THE FORTY DAYS OF MUSA DAGH”AND THE DENIAL OF THE ARMENIAN GENOCIDE
items: THE HEROIC BATTLE OF MUSA DAGH ACCORDING TO THE TESTIMONIES OF THE EYEWITNESS-PARTICIPANTS AND THE COMMANDMENT OF FRANZ WERFEL
items: MANIFESTATIONS OF POSTMODERNISM IN HERMANN HESSE'S NOVEL “THE GLASS BEAD GAME”
items: THE ESSENCE OF METAPHOR AND ITS INTERLINGUAL TRANSLATION
items: VERBAL DEVIATIONS IN CONTEMPORARY ENGLISH SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS
items: THE SCIENTIFIC AND POLITICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF TEXTBOOKS ON HISTORY (objective history vs falsification)
items: DECODING MULTIMODAL TEXTS OF MEDIA DISCOURSE
items: ENGLISH IDIOMS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF MODAL MEANING
items: A PRELIMINARY NOTE ON THE EXPRESSIVE USES OF AFFIRMATIVE AND NEGATIVE PARTICLES IN ITALIAN AND ENGLISH
items: THE EMERGENCE OF MASS ATROCITY CONCEPTS: REFLECTIONS ON GENOCIDE, CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY, WAR CRIMES AND ETHNIC CLEANSING
items: LEGAL ENGLISH: LEXICAL COMPETENCE AND CURRICULUM DESIGN
items: THE IMPACT OF THE COGNITIVE ACADEMIC LANGUAGE LEARNING APPROACH (CALLA) ON ACADEMIC READING SKILLS: THE CASE OF FIRST-YEAR EFL STUDENTS AT BATNA 2 UNIVERSITY
items: CRITICAL DISCOURSE STUDIES IN THE CONTEXT OF THE ARMENIAN CAUSE

FRONT MATTER
type: item
subject: Front Matter
  topic: section
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-13
publication date: 2026-03-13
starting page: 1
ending page: 11
doi: 10.46991/

CONTENTS
type: item
subject: Front Matter
  topic: section
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-13
publication date: 2026-03-13
starting page: 13
ending page: 13
doi: 10.46991/

AI-ASSISTED DIFFERENTIATED INSTRUCTION AND EFL WRITING MOTIVATION: A CORRELATIONAL STUDY
type: item
description: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) for learning personalization has emerged as an approach to address diverse learner needs. This quantitative correlational study examined the relationship between the perceived value of AI-assisted differentiated instruction and task motivation (intrinsic and extrinsic) among first-year English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students at Batna-2 University. A convenience sample of 120 students participated in the study, completing a questionnaire measuring perceived value of AI-assisted differentiated instruction and task motivation in EFL writing. Descriptive statistics revealed moderate levels of perceived value and task motivation. Pearson correlation analysis indicated a significant positive correlation between perceived value of AI-assisted differentiated instruction and overall task motivation. Additionally, separate analyses showed stronger correlations with intrinsic motivation than extrinsic motivation. These findings suggest that students who perceive greater value in AI-assisted differentiated instruction demonstrate higher levels of motivation in EFL writing tasks.
subject: Methodology
  topic: section
subject: AI-assisted instruction
  topic: keywords
subject: differentiated instruction
  topic: keywords
subject: intrinsic motivation
  topic: keywords
subject: EFL writing
  topic: keywords
subject: correlational study
  topic: keywords
creator: Bouchra Si-Mohammed
creator: Souhila Hellalet
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bouchra Si-Mohammed, Souhila Hellalet https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-13
publication date: 2026-03-13
starting page: 74
ending page: 83
doi: 10.46991/AFA/2026.SI-2.74

CULTURAL CAPITAL, STUDY HABITS, AND EARLY ENGLISH ACHIEVEMENT: EVIDENCE FROM ALGERIAN PRIMARY SCHOOLS
type: item
description: This study investigates how cultural capital and study habits influence fifth-year primary school pupils’ performance in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in El-Kantara, Algeria. Drawing on Bourdieu’s theory of cultural capital, we employed an explanatory mixed-methods design combining structural equation modeling (SEM) of survey data (n = 532) with thematic analysis of teacher interviews. Results indicate that objectified cultural capital (books, digital tools, learning spaces) exerts the strongest direct effect on EFL outcomes, while institutionalized (parental education, occupational status) and embodied capital (language routines, parental involvement) also make significant contributions, primarily through their influence on study habits. Study habits emerged as a powerful mediator, linking family resources to classroom achievement. Qualitative findings illuminated these dynamics by revealing how access to resources fosters engagement, how family discipline shapes preparedness, and how French English hierarchies affect motivation. Together, the results demonstrate that EFL achievement cannot be understood solely through individual effort or pedagogical factors, but rather through the unequal distribution of cultural resources in early schooling. We believe that this study can contribute to debates on cultural capital by extending its application to a multilingual North African context, while offering implications for policy aimed at reducing educational inequalities.
subject: Methodology
  topic: section
subject: Cultural capital
  topic: keywords
subject: study habits
  topic: keywords
subject: EFL early achievement
  topic: keywords
subject: educational inequalities
  topic: keywords
creator: Saida Tobbi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Saida Tobbi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-13
publication date: 2026-03-13
starting page: 103
ending page: 121
doi: 10.46991/AFA/2026.SI-2.103

THE INTEGRATION OF MONDLY VR IN CHINESE EFL CLASSROOMS: A CASE STUDY
type: item
description: The emergence of Virtual Reality (VR) has drastically altered the overall layout of language education. VR-powered technology enables language learners to practice their speaking skills in real-life, stress-free, and interactive conversational scenarios, which conventional teaching methods fail to meet. Hence, the present paper seeks to examine the efficacy of integrating VR-powered technology in English as a Foreign Language classroom settings for the development of speaking skills. To evaluate the impact of VR technology in improving students’ speaking skills, the paper employs a mixed-method approach, namely, in-depth case studies and quantitative data analysis. The findings provide evidence-based insights into how VR-supported tools ameliorate students’ conversational skills in terms of fluency and accuracy. The applicability of the content in developing conversational skills underlines the strong practical value of the research, as well as makes a solid case for its massive integration in language teaching. Considering its transformative potential, future research is not only warranted but crucial to modernizing and enriching EFL pedagogy.
subject: Methodology
  topic: section
subject: virtual reality
  topic: keywords
subject: speaking skills
  topic: keywords
subject: Mondly platform
  topic: keywords
subject: effective communication
  topic: keywords
subject: accuracy
  topic: keywords
subject: fluency
  topic: keywords
creator: Gevorg Grigoryan
creator: Ning Huichun
creator: Naira Gasparyan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Gevorg Grigoryan, Ning Huichun, Naira Gasparyan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-13
publication date: 2026-03-13
starting page: 32
ending page: 56
doi: 10.46991/AFA/2026.SI-2.32

EMI TEACHERS AND AI: A TAM PERSPECTIVE
type: item
description: This study aims to investigate and analyze the perceptions and the attitudes of English as a Medium of Instruction (EMI) teachers regarding the integration of AI technologies. In the context of language teaching, AI has gained increased attention among researchers; yet, the perspectives of teachers, who play an indispensable role in implementing and utilizing such technologies, remain underexplored. As such, the research aims to understand how these innovative tools are perceived and whether they help bridge existing language gaps or, conversely, deepen them in EMI settings. To this end, using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and a structured Likert‑scale questionnaire administered to 31 EMI teachers at M'sila University, this paper seeks to investigate EMI teachers’ acceptance of these AI tools, their perceived usefulness and ease of use, and the skills required for effective integration. Results indicate strong perceived usefulness (PU) and a highly favorable attitude toward use (ATT; M = 4.62, SD = 0.61), whereas perceived ease of use (PEU) is comparatively moderate. Despite positive PU and ATT, results further show that actual use (AU) remains modest (M = 2.20, SD = 1.12), suggesting a gap between favorable perceptions and pedagogical adoption. The findings corroborate prior studies reporting a gap between favorable perceptions and sustained classroom implementation, and offer insights into the growing literature on the conditions required to translate positive attitudes toward AI into actual use in EMI classrooms.
subject: Methodology
  topic: section
subject: English Medium Instruction (EMI)
  topic: keywords
subject: AI
  topic: keywords
subject: Technology Acceptance Model (TAM)
  topic: keywords
subject: Teacher perception
  topic: keywords
subject: Higher education (Algeria)
  topic: keywords
creator: Meddah Mohamed
creator: Amel Belmihoub
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Mohamed Meddah, Amel Belmihoub https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-13
publication date: 2026-03-13
starting page: 84
ending page: 102
doi: 10.46991/AFA/2026.SI-2.84

DETERMINANTS OF TECHNOLOGY-ASSISTED LEARNING METHODS IN HIGHER EDUCATION ESTABLISHMENTS
type: item
description: The motivation behind this study is the emergence of technological tools that are rapidly transforming teaching and learning from passive knowledge acquisition confined to physical classrooms to active knowledge construction in the increasing virtual spaces. Despite the need to accelerate the digitization of learning, some institutions have demonstrated low uptake of technologically-assisted learning due to various factors, hence prompting a review study on the determinants of Technology-Assisted Learning Methods (TALM). For understanding, a qualitative research methodology has been employed involving the study of previously published research retrieved from Google Scholar, ERIC, and ScienceDirect databases and findings analyzed qualitatively alongside an in-depth exploration of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). The findings reveal a positive influence of facilitating conditions, hedonic motivation, social influence, habit, performance expectancy and effort expectancy on behavior intention to adopt technology. Similarly, course assessment, course design and instructor characteristics have a strong relationship with actual use. The findings of this study will inform educators, university management boards and policy makers on the considerations before integrating technology types in learning programs. This work suggests further investigation of the determinants based on a country’s level of development.
subject: Methodology
  topic: section
subject: Behavior Intention
  topic: keywords
subject: Actual Use
  topic: keywords
subject: Digital Divide
  topic: keywords
subject: Artificial Intelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: Technology-Assisted Learning
  topic: keywords
creator: Norman Oyuga Anyinyo
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
date: 2025-12-08
publication date: 2025-12-08
starting page: 88
ending page: 106
doi: 10.46991/AFA/2025.21.2.88

NETWORKED VOICES, DIGITAL SOLIDARITY: FEMINIST RESISTANCE AND MEDIA MOBILIZATION IN CONTEMPORARY ALGERIA
type: item
description: This study looks at how feminist activism in contemporary Algeria has been transformed by digital and independent audio media, such as podcasts and radio. Feminists have used these platforms to document their fight for gender justice, build solidarity across various societal segments, and get around state-controlled narratives while operating under a repressive government and patriarchal laws like the 1984 Family Code. According to the study, these media create a decentralized feminist network that cuts across regional, linguistic, and class barriers in Algeria. It examines important activists and media initiatives while recognizing persistent issues like societal norms, the digital divide, and state surveillance. The study illustrates how the media has significantly raised Algerian women's visibility and power through qualitative analysis and case studies from the Hirak protests (2019–2025). The study's final conclusion is that media are essential venues for activism and active participants in determining the future of women's rights and democracy in Algeria, rather than just being tools for communication.
subject: Culture Studies
  topic: section
subject: Algerian Feminism
  topic: keywords
subject: digital media
  topic: keywords
subject: activism
  topic: keywords
subject: digital resistance
  topic: keywords
subject: digital feminism
  topic: keywords
creator: Amina Bouaziz
creator: Ahlem Hamzaoui
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
date: 2025-12-08
publication date: 2025-12-08
starting page: 107
ending page: 125
doi: 10.46991/AFA/2025.21.2.107

JAMES JOYCE’S THE DEAD: FROM ANASTOMOSIS TO EPIPHANY
type: item
description: Obsession with the past is one of the dominant features of James Joyce who is known to have a nostalgic view toward Ireland. This haunting by the past is also traceable in The Dead, the prominent short story in the Dubliners; the past of Gretta's relationship has tinged her present marital relationship. For Gretta, the absence of the deceased lover is more tangible than the presence of her husband. In this study, the psychic dynamics of this love relationship will be analyzed in terms of Lacanian psychoanalysis. The questions the article asks are how the desire is addressed, and whether Gretta as a woman in love yearns for an Other jouissance. Joyce's Lacanian deconstruction sketched a pretty image of love which underscored the inevitability of love after death and the apathetic status of love despite apparent living.
subject: Literature Studies
  topic: section
subject: Lacan
  topic: keywords
subject: Jouissance
  topic: keywords
subject: anastomosis
  topic: keywords
subject: Objet petit a
  topic: keywords
subject: epiphany
  topic: keywords
creator: Narjess Jafari Langroudi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
date: 2025-12-08
publication date: 2025-12-08
starting page: 125
ending page: 138
doi: 10.46991/AFA/2025.21.2.125

CONTENTS
type: item
subject: Front Matter
  topic: section
creator: Lili Karapetyan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
date: 2025-12-08
publication date: 2025-12-08
starting page: 12
ending page: 13
doi: 10.46991/

FRONT MATTER
type: item
subject: Front Matter
  topic: section
creator: Lili Karapetyan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
date: 2025-12-08
publication date: 2025-12-08
starting page: 1
ending page: 11

STUDENTS' REFLECTIONS ON ORAL PRESENTATIONS IN AN ENGLISH AS A LINGUA FRANCA CONTEXT: A CASE STUDY
type: item
description: Mastering verbal communication is a key component of any academic and professional setting. However, oracy instruction can be considered a neglected aspect in students’ curricula, assuming perhaps that this skill does not need to be taught and can, instead, be acquired spontaneously along the academic pathway. This helps explain the numerous endeavours of scholars in developing writing courses. In fact, academic literacy has generally been associated with the mastery of composition skills, probably due to the long-standing tradition of scholarly publication. This study intends to highlight the importance of developing oral discourse by examining how postgraduate students from a Master’s Degree in English Studies perceive their own performance in oral academic presentations delivered in English as an L2 and lingua franca. By examining their experiences, attitudes, and perceived training needs, the study seeks to illuminate how learners conceptualise the challenges of oral academic discourse in ELF settings.
subject: Methodology
  topic: section
subject: academic oral presentations
  topic: keywords
subject: English as a Lingua Franca
  topic: keywords
subject: academic literacy
  topic: keywords
subject: students’ reflections
  topic: keywords
subject: case study
  topic: keywords
creator: Laura Lucía Laurenti
creator: Rosa Muñoz-Luna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Laura Lucía Laurenti, Rosa Muñoz-Luna https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-13
publication date: 2026-03-13
starting page: 15
ending page: 31
doi: 10.46991/AFA/2026.SI-2.15

THE GENOCIDE OF ARMENIANS: A VIEW FROM INSIDE AND OUTSIDE
type: item
description: This research aims to provide a fresh perspective on the Armenian Genocide by examining eyewitness accounts, missionary reports based on factual evidence, and reflections from official humanist organizations dating back to the 1890s. The research applies various universal approaches, including Gregory H. Stanton's 10 stages of genocide and the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) approach focusing on identity transformation, analysis of the linguistic material through consideration of extra-linguistic factors. The paper argues that global education on genocide, particularly the Armenian Genocide, is crucial for individuals to confront the truth and foster cooperation without animosity. This multidisciplinary study emphasizes that the condemnation of genocide by global organizations is a necessary human response, that genocidal behavior should be recognized as an established illegal stage, and that the terminology and narrative of genocide should be taught at the university level to achieve prevention. The study of the historical reality and linguistic material through implementing the cognitive-linguistic, linguo-stylistic and cultural-linguistic methods presupposes a careful text selection and juxtaposition. The article demonstrates how examining the conflict between old and modern viewpoints can advance genocide education and prevention. This constitutes the novelty of the research.
subject: Armenological Studies
  topic: section
subject: Survivor accounts
  topic: keywords
subject: missionary memoirs
  topic: keywords
subject: identity
  topic: keywords
subject: the Armenian Genocide
  topic: keywords
subject: Stanton’s Genocide Stages
  topic: keywords
subject: PTSD
  topic: keywords
subject: global education
  topic: keywords
creator: Naira H. Gasparyan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
date: 2025-10-10
publication date: 2025-10-10
starting page: 118
ending page: 144
doi: 10.46991/AFA/2025.SI-1.118

INTERNATIONAL ATTITUDE TO CULTURAL GENOCIDE PREVENTION IN NAGORNO-KARABAKH: A LINGUISTIC PERSPECTIVE
type: item
description: The present study is an attempt to examine the tragic consequences of genocides in general, with a particular focus on cultural genocides. Cultural genocide, though not explicitly identified in international law, represents a profound and insidious form of destruction aimed at eradicating the cultural, religious, and social foundations of a group. The cultural genocide in Nagorno-Karabakh (Artsakh), the destruction of its cultural legacy, continues to demand urgent attention. Hence, we aim to highlight the true picture of cultural genocide through a prosodic and linguistic analysis of speeches – both written and spoken – by prominent American and European politicians. The purpose is to underscore the critical importance of preserving cultural identities and to advocate for the formal recognition of cultural genocide in international law. Acknowledging both physical and cultural genocides allows for a more comprehensive strategy for preventing and responding to the destruction of communities and their unique legacies. Combining historical research with prosodic analysis of political speeches delivered between 2020 and 2023, this article explores how vocal elements such as intonation, stress, and rhythm reflect global attitudes toward the cultural erasure of Nagorno-Karabakh. The findings reveal that these speech patterns often mirror geopolitical positions – some conveying urgency, others indifference – shaping public awareness and political engagement. The study calls for the equal recognition of physical and cultural genocides to ensure the full protection of vulnerable groups and stronger mechanisms for international accountability.
subject: Armenological Studies
  topic: section
subject: Ethnic cleansing
  topic: keywords
subject: cultural genocide
  topic: keywords
subject: Nagorno-Karabakh (Artsakh)
  topic: keywords
subject: Armenia
  topic: keywords
subject: Azerbaijan
  topic: keywords
subject: prosodic analysis
  topic: keywords
creator: Mariam Khazhakyan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
date: 2025-10-10
publication date: 2025-10-10
starting page: 145
ending page: 157
doi: 10.46991/AFA/2025.SI-1.145

THE CATHOLICOSATE OF THE GREAT HOUSE OF CILICIA AND THE EMIGRATION OF ARMENIANS FROM THE SANJAK OF ALEXANDRETTA
type: item
description: Following the Genocide of 1939, Armenians saw the biggest emigration from the Sanjak of Alexandretta. Over 30.000 displaced emigrants settled mostly in the territory of Syria and Lebanon. This process was predominantly regulated by the Catholicosate of Cilicia. The article highlights the organization of the emigration of the Armenians of the Sanjak and the role of the Catholicosate of Cilicia in this work.
subject: Armenological Studies
  topic: section
subject: The Sanjak of Alexandretta
  topic: keywords
subject: the Catholicosate of The Great House of Cilicia
  topic: keywords
subject: Armenian General Benevolent Union
  topic: keywords
subject: the Allowance Central Commission
  topic: keywords
subject: exile
  topic: keywords
subject: emigration
  topic: keywords
creator: Edgar Hovhannisyan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
date: 2025-10-10
publication date: 2025-10-10
starting page: 55
ending page: 66
doi: 10.46991/AFA/2025.SI-1.55

THE HISTORY OF THE FILM VERSIONS OF FRANZ WERFEL’S NOVEL“THE FORTY DAYS OF MUSA DAGH”AND THE DENIAL OF THE ARMENIAN GENOCIDE
type: item
description: Giving a thorough assessment to Franz Werfel’s novel The Forty Days of Musa Dagh, its relevance and historical-political significance, the article presents the attempts of film adaptation of the given novel, which has a remarkable literary value. At the same time, we have focused on the obstacles, which have appeared in this process. It is known from the history of cinema that in 1935 our famous compatriot Ruben Mamoulian (1897-1987), who was considered the heavy artillery of Broadway and Hollywood in those days, received an offer to make a film based on this novel at the The Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) Studio. However, under the unprecedented Turkish pressure on the American government, the film adaptation process was suspended. Decades later, in 1982, the novel was adapted into a movie by the Armenian Diaspora. The producer of the film was John Kurkjian, and the director – Sarky (Sargy) Mouradian (1931-2022). Back in the Soviet years, in 1985, Musa Dagh was also staged in the Armenian TV Theater. The directors of the five-part performance were Grigor Chalikyan and Herbert Gasparyan. The historical event on Mount Musa that formed the basis of the novel about the heroic struggle of Armenians against the Turks was also included in one of the last episodes of The Promise (dir. Terry George, 2016). The article also emphasizes the problem of denial of the Armenian Genocide, which had its actual expression and consequences in cinema.
subject: Armenological Studies
  topic: section
subject: Franz Werfel
  topic: keywords
subject: The Forty days of Musa Dagh
  topic: keywords
subject: film version
  topic: keywords
subject: Rouben Mamoulian
  topic: keywords
subject: Sarky Mouradian
  topic: keywords
subject: Armenian Genocide denial
  topic: keywords
creator: Siranush Galstyan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
date: 2025-10-10
publication date: 2025-10-10
starting page: 109
ending page: 117
doi: 10.46991/AFA/2025.SI-1.109

THE HEROIC BATTLE OF MUSA DAGH ACCORDING TO THE TESTIMONIES OF THE EYEWITNESS-PARTICIPANTS AND THE COMMANDMENT OF FRANZ WERFEL
type: item
description: As a part of the Armenian nation, the Musa Dagh people, in particular, have felt the necessity of regeneration of the national statehood, its meaning and value, particularly following the fall of the 300-year-old flourishing statehood of Cilicia and during the 600 years of absence of power. The Musa Dagh people, who were forged and had gained sagacity in the heroic battles for survival, have formulated their feat very concisely: “Freedom is on the tip of the rifle,” (Svazlian 2015, p. 207) that is to say, freedom can be obtained only by the force of arms, which is followed by “Freedom is on the tip of the flag,” (Svazlian 2015, p. 207) that is to say, statehood is the guarantee of freedom.
subject: Armenological Studies
  topic: section
subject: Moussa Dagh
  topic: keywords
subject: heroic battle
  topic: keywords
subject: eyewitnesses
  topic: keywords
subject: Franz Werfel
  topic: keywords
subject: commandment
  topic: keywords
creator: Verjine Svazlian
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
date: 2025-10-10
publication date: 2025-10-10
starting page: 98
ending page: 108
doi: 10.46991/AFA/2025.SI-1.98

MANIFESTATIONS OF POSTMODERNISM IN HERMANN HESSE'S NOVEL “THE GLASS BEAD GAME”
type: item
description: The paper attempts to consider the connections between postmodernism, aesthetics and Herman Hesse’s novel The Glass Bead Game referring to the history of the last most influential manifestation of the theoretical and aesthetic thought of the West – postmodernism, also characterized by paradoxes. Based on a number of fundamental principles of the aesthetics of postmodernism and data on the work of Hermann Hesse, the specific relations that connect Hesse’s work with postmodernism, are considered. This refers first to the ideas of the world as chaos, then aesthetic eclecticism, multiculturalism and finally game. Within the framework of the idea the world as chaos, the wide use of the concept of simulacrum in both Hesse’s and postmodernist works is considered. Aesthetic eclecticism, which is “the dominant sign of the culture of the postmodern era” (J.-F. Lyotard, I. Ilyin), is also found in Hesse’s novel in various manifestations. Multiculturalism, both as a social utopia and as an aesthetic principle, is also widespread among postmodernist aesthetes (especially L. Fiedler) and in Hesse’s novel. In the novel the East-West political and cultural dialogue also deepens. Finally, the game, being one of the stable European cultural codes, is rediscovered both in Hesse’s novel and in postmodernist aesthetics (U. Eco).
subject: Literature Studies
  topic: section
subject: high modernism
  topic: keywords
subject: postmodernism
  topic: keywords
subject: postmodern relativism
  topic: keywords
subject: deconstruction
  topic: keywords
subject: text
  topic: keywords
subject: chaos
  topic: keywords
subject: simulacrum
  topic: keywords
subject: eclecticism
  topic: keywords
subject: pluralism
  topic: keywords
subject: game
  topic: keywords
creator: Ara Arakelyan
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
date: 2023-05-29
publication date: 2023-05-29
starting page: 118
ending page: 128
doi: 10.46991/AFA/2023.19.1.118

THE ESSENCE OF METAPHOR AND ITS INTERLINGUAL TRANSLATION
type: item
description: The present article is aimed at the investigation of the essence of metaphor, exploration of its conceptual aspect and its translation from a source language to a target language. The specific way metaphor is expressed in a work of verbal art, the manner of its use by the author have always attracted the attention of not only philologists specialized in literary studies but also translators. Having a multilayered semantic structure and being almost ubiquitously expressed in everyday life metaphors prove to be of certain value not only for linguistics but also the domains of psychology, philosophy, cognitive sciences, translation studies and many others. Their significance is paramount particularly for translation studies and translators. The objective of the present article consists in revealing the cognitive aspect of metaphor translation and the optimal methodology of accomplishing an accurate translation of metaphors from a source to a target language. K
subject: Translation Studies
  topic: section
subject: metaphor
  topic: keywords
subject: cognition
  topic: keywords
subject: conceptualization
  topic: keywords
subject: hermeneutics
  topic: keywords
subject: source language
  topic: keywords
subject: target language
  topic: keywords
subject: translation
  topic: keywords
creator: Nelli Sargsyan
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
date: 2023-05-29
publication date: 2023-05-29
starting page: 105
ending page: 117
doi: 10.46991/AFA/2023.19.1.105

VERBAL DEVIATIONS IN CONTEMPORARY ENGLISH SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS
type: item
description: The harnessing development of technology has drastically modified languages that people are using in all corners of the world. It is out of the question that world languages are constantly evolving to meet the needs and requirements of the society. Nowadays social media platforms have undoubtedly become an indispensable part of daily communication. Undeniably various platforms of social media attract millions of people with different ethnic, linguistic, racial and religious backgrounds to interact and take part in various discussions in blogs, microblogs, chat groups, discussion boards, forums, etc. Over the last 20 years Internet mediated communication has generated many grammatical structures and lexical items that need to be studied and redefined. With the advent of new technologies new linguistic deviations have emerged in social media platforms. It is no wonder that scientists are holding opposing thoughts and conflicting viewpoints of the same or similar phenomena. Being the most prevalent language of social media and having the highest frequency of usage on the Internet domain the English language has underwent large-scale changes and alternations. These non-standard forms are noted in all levels of language. Over the time linguistic deviations have the tendency to become standard forms. The latter may lead the English language to changes. The current article discusses the marked variations of English verbal system in contemporary English social media platforms.
subject: Linguistics
  topic: section
subject: non-standard form
  topic: keywords
subject: linguistic innovation
  topic: keywords
subject: deviation
  topic: keywords
subject: invariant
  topic: keywords
subject: verbal fusions
  topic: keywords
subject: contractions
  topic: keywords
subject: electronic discourse
  topic: keywords
creator: Ning Huichun
creator: Gevorg Grigoryan
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
date: 2023-05-29
publication date: 2023-05-29
starting page: 027
ending page: 042
doi: 10.46991/AFA/2023.19.1.027

THE SCIENTIFIC AND POLITICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF TEXTBOOKS ON HISTORY (objective history vs falsification)
type: item
description: This article presents the process of creating new school textbooks on Armenian history in the post-Soviet years. The author emphasizes the necessity to revise a number of issues in Armenian historiography related to the ideological attitudes of the Soviet epoch. The revision of many issues by Armenian historians during the years of independence, such as periodization, the first state formations on the territory of the Armenian Highlands, the Armenian political parties, the First Republic of 1918-1920, Sovietization, etc., is reflected in the new history textbooks. The article provides examples of the distortion of Armenian and Russian history in various textbooks and emphasizes the importance of presenting the objective history in school textbooks for educating the younger generation.
subject: Armenological Studies
  topic: section
subject: school textbooks
  topic: keywords
subject: periodization
  topic: keywords
subject: history of Armenia
  topic: keywords
subject: political parties
  topic: keywords
subject: Sovietization
  topic: keywords
subject: distortions of history
  topic: keywords
subject: objective history
  topic: keywords
creator: Ashot Melkonyan
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
date: 2023-05-29
publication date: 2023-05-29
starting page: 167
ending page: 177
doi: 10.46991/AFA/2023.19.1.167

DECODING MULTIMODAL TEXTS OF MEDIA DISCOURSE
type: item
description: In modern print and online media, the verbal text is increasingly being replaced by a multicode material, whose verbal component is illustrated, supplemented, and multiplied by the visual component. At the same time, the value and impact of the visual component increases immeasurably: vivid images are imprinted in the mind, making a powerful effect on readers and viewers. Since most media texts being multicode, special studies of such texts have become especially relevant today. Hence, based on the descriptive, analytical, non-verbal-culturological methods of research, this article discusses the role and relationship of visual and verbal texts, the advantages of the visual code as a carrier of implicit information on the covers of periodicals. The decoding of the multimodal text from The Economist magazine demonstrates clearly that, as a rule, the non-verbal component attracts more attention and inspires more confidence in the recipient. Because the non-verbal component is quite difficult for the addressee to track consciously, the additional manipulative potential of the metaphorical image is used in the text.
subject: Linguistics
  topic: section
subject: multimodal text
  topic: keywords
subject: media discourse
  topic: keywords
subject: media text
  topic: keywords
subject: clip culture
  topic: keywords
subject: decoding
  topic: keywords
subject: visual component
  topic: keywords
subject: verbal component
  topic: keywords
creator: Narine Harutyunyan
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
date: 2023-05-29
publication date: 2023-05-29
starting page: 083
ending page: 094
doi: 10.46991/AFA/2023.19.1.083

ENGLISH IDIOMS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF MODAL MEANING
type: item
description: Being a multifaceted unit idioms can be studied from five angles: meaning, function, style, emotiveness and contrastive analysis. The merit of this paper lies in the fact that it attempts to analyze the evaluative functions of English idioms. The analysis is performed within the functional framework of evaluative thesis to establish evaluative semantics of idioms. Idioms operate as encoded resources for amplifying attitudinal meanings to the entities and phenomena they describe. They serve to entail multiple modal meanings intensifying the evaluative force in the text. The values are further divided according to whether the value which entails the intensification is positive, negative or dual. A special category of positive values concerns the use of positive idioms amplifying the negative attitudinal force.
subject: Linguistics
  topic: section
subject: Key words: modal meaning, idiom, evaluative semantics, intensification of values, positive value, negative value
  topic: keywords
creator: Anahit Hovhannisyan
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
date: 2023-05-29
publication date: 2023-05-29
starting page: 013
ending page: 026
doi: 10.46991/AFA/2023.19.1.013

CONTENTS
type: item
subject: Front Matter
  topic: section
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
date: 2025-10-10
publication date: 2025-10-10
starting page: 11
ending page: 12

FRONT MATTER
type: item
subject: Front Matter
  topic: section
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
date: 2025-10-10
publication date: 2025-10-10
starting page: 1
ending page: 10

A PRELIMINARY NOTE ON THE EXPRESSIVE USES OF AFFIRMATIVE AND NEGATIVE PARTICLES IN ITALIAN AND ENGLISH
type: item
description: This work examines the properties of affirmative and negative particles, such as yes and no, when used to express emotions like regret, surprise, disapproval, and others. In the cases discussed here, yes and no do not negate or affirm the truth of the previous statement but instead convey the speaker's emotional response to a certain content. They therefore belong to the category of expressive language, which transmits emotional meanings. This article compares Italian and English and argues that both languages in these cases use similar structures to express the speaker’s reactions, with specific intonation and gestures enhancing their expressive effect. This discussion will also demonstrate that pragmatic considerations can be integrated into a model of language to generate relevant expressive interpretations, framing language as a multimodal system.
subject: Linguistics
  topic: section
subject: Syntax
  topic: keywords
subject: pragmatics
  topic: keywords
subject: expressive language
  topic: keywords
subject: comparative linguistics,
  topic: keywords
subject: multimodality
  topic: keywords
subject: negative particles
  topic: keywords
subject: affirmative particles
  topic: keywords
creator: Alessandra Giorgi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
date: 2025-12-08
publication date: 2025-12-08
starting page: 15
ending page: 37
doi: 10.46991/AFA/2025.21.2.15

THE EMERGENCE OF MASS ATROCITY CONCEPTS: REFLECTIONS ON GENOCIDE, CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY, WAR CRIMES AND ETHNIC CLEANSING
type: item
description: The article commences with a brief listing of some of the key words and phrases used in journalistic accounts in the 1915 New York Times about the mass deportations and killings of ethnic Armenians in the Ottoman Empire. Exploring the emergence of academic and legal terms associated with such mass atrocities in general, a number of key concepts have been formulated, most notably war crimes, crimes against humanity, genocide and ethnic cleansing. Other suggested terms include democide, politicide, ethnocide, urbicide, gendercide and omnicide, which are also briefly discussed by way of background and overview. Amidst an analytical comparison of the meanings of the two terms ethnic cleansing and genocide, problematic aspects of using the term ethnic cleansing are raised and discussed. There has been a continuing global challenge of mass atrocity crimes, and today we witness increased usage of the problematic concept of ethnic cleansing in important, yet diverse case studies such as Nagorno-Karabakh and Gaza. It is suggested that other terms, such as war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide, are more suitable terms, both analytically and morally.
subject: Armenological Studies
  topic: section
subject: ethnic cleansing
  topic: keywords
subject: genocide
  topic: keywords
subject: crimes against humanity
  topic: keywords
subject: war crimes
  topic: keywords
subject: Armenian Genocide
  topic: keywords
subject: Nagorno-Karabakh
  topic: keywords
creator: Alan Whitehorn
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
date: 2025-12-08
publication date: 2025-12-08
starting page: 139
ending page: 157
doi: 10.46991/AFA/2025.21.2.139

LEGAL ENGLISH: LEXICAL COMPETENCE AND CURRICULUM DESIGN
type: item
description: This paper examines both linguistic and pedagogical aspects of legal vocabulary instruction in English for Law courses. The research examines legal language through its formal, precise, and culturally specific nature by studying vocabulary classification, polysemy, synonymy, and lexical field structure in legal discourse. The study aims to develop an effective teaching method for legal lexis to improve students' subject-specific fluency, legal reasoning abilities, and English communicative competence. The research applies theoretical models from applied linguistics, legal semiotics, and ESP curriculum design to achieve its objectives. The research employs descriptive and comparative methods to study authentic legal texts, analyze legal genre terminology and lexical patterns, and develop practical teaching methods for Armenian higher education. The paper examines content-based instruction and conceptual field mapping as recommended instructional methods. The research demonstrates that successful legal vocabulary instruction requires cognitive, contextual, and functional methods that move beyond memorization to develop semantic understanding and cultural awareness. The interdisciplinary approach leads to legal English curriculum innovation through recommendations for developing vocabulary-intensive ESP syllabi.
subject: Methodology
  topic: section
subject: Legal English
  topic: keywords
subject: ESP
  topic: keywords
subject: lexical competence
  topic: keywords
subject: curriculum design
  topic: keywords
subject: legal discourse
  topic: keywords
subject: vocabulary teaching strategies
  topic: keywords
subject: cross-cultural awareness
  topic: keywords
creator: Anahit Voskanyan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Anahit Voskanyan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-13
publication date: 2026-03-13
starting page: 57
ending page: 73
doi: 10.46991/AFA/2026.SI-2.57

THE IMPACT OF THE COGNITIVE ACADEMIC LANGUAGE LEARNING APPROACH (CALLA) ON ACADEMIC READING SKILLS: THE CASE OF FIRST-YEAR EFL STUDENTS AT BATNA 2 UNIVERSITY
type: item
description: This present study investigated the impact of the Cognitive Academic Language Learning Approach (CALLA) on academic reading skills among first-year English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students at Batna 2 University. Over a 15-week intervention period during the 2024-2025 academic year, the study used a quasi-experimental design with two student groups (n = 50) and control (n = 50) groups. Results suggested statistically significant improvements in reading comprehension (p < .001, Cohen's d = 1.82), vocabulary acquisition, as well as metacognitive strategy use among the experimental group. The experimental group showed notable gains from a pre-test mean of 12.4 to a post-test mean of 19.8, whereas the control group showed minimal gains (12.6 to 13.1). A strong positive relationship was revealed, by means of correlation analysis, between metacognitive strategy use and reading performance (r = .72, p < .001). Findings substantiate the efficacy of the CALLA model in enhancing EFL reading skills and advocate for its integration into EFL curricula to foster meaningful comprehension and metacognitive awareness. Study results match prior research on strategy-based instruction and seek to offer insights into the growing body of literature on the role of explicit strategy instruction in academic language learning contexts.
subject: Methodology
  topic: section
subject: CALLA
  topic: keywords
subject: academic reading
  topic: keywords
subject: EFL
  topic: keywords
subject: strategy-based instruction
  topic: keywords
subject: metacognition
  topic: keywords
subject: reading comprehension
  topic: keywords
creator: Oussama Ahmed Gaid
creator: Tahar Golea
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
date: 2025-12-08
publication date: 2025-12-08
starting page: 38
ending page: 67
doi: 10.46991/AFA/2025.21.2.38

CRITICAL DISCOURSE STUDIES IN THE CONTEXT OF THE ARMENIAN CAUSE
type: item
description: In this research, we aim to shape the understanding of Critical Discourse Studies (CDS) and its relation to the Armenian Cause. By examining the interdisciplinary approaches of CDS, we explore how language, power, and societal structures act within the context of the Armenian Genocide and the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. This study identifies key discourse units such as statehood, genocide, ethnic cleansing, and us vs. them, and emphasizes the importance of international recognition and engagement in conflict resolution. Our research highlights the significance of legal frameworks, psychological healing, and socio-cultural structures in achieving sustainable peace and stability, thereby contributing to the broader discourse on social equality and justice. Through this analysis, we aim to enhance the academic and practical understanding of CDS and its application to complex historical and contemporary conflicts, the Armenian Cause.
subject: Linguistics
  topic: section
subject: Critical Discourse Studies (CDS)
  topic: keywords
subject: Armenian Cause
  topic: keywords
subject: Armenian Genocide
  topic: keywords
subject: Nagorno-Karabakh conflict
  topic: keywords
subject: Interdisciplinary analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Language and power dynamics
  topic: keywords
creator: Anahit Margaryan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
date: 2025-05-21
publication date: 2025-05-21
starting page: 13
ending page: 27
doi: 10.46991/AFA/2025.21.1.13