Banber Erevani hamalsarani. P'ilisop'ayut'yun, hogebanut'yun.
| E - ISSN | : | 2738-2621 |
| P - ISSN | : | 1829-4553 |
Vol. 11 No. 1 (31) (2020)
Articles
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Articles
THE ARMENIAN IDENTITY IN THE CONTEXT OF DISTORTED FORMS OF INDIVIDUALISTIC AND COLLECTIVISTIC CULTURES
AbstractIn the article the author suggests that though the individualistic culture of life arrangement prevails amongst Armenians with its horizontal and vertical relations, elements peculiar to both individualistic and collectivistic (family-centric, group-centric, party-centered) cultures and hybrid versions are present in it. Moreover, in the course of history the Armenians mostly made use of the disadvantages peculiar to those cultures than of advantages which had a negative impact on the identity characteristics and manifestations of the Armenians. Individualism has perverted over time and manifested itself mostly in the form of personidolization, and collectivism in the utmost forms of family-idolization and groupidolization, which made the behaviour of individuals contradictory and unpredictable. As a result of distorted perceptions and incomplete usages of these two cultures some elements of an obsequious and subservient political subculture, impersonal adaptability and passivity, present-oriented and beneficiary position, unvisionary way of existence, indifference toward national values and statehood, etc., have taken roots among the Armenian. For instance, the author explains the indifferent attitude of Armenians to- 14 ward the national state and power by non-regulated interpersonal relations, xenophilia, and irresponsibility as well as guidance by the lifestyle of survival and false impressions about the role of their own state, the essence, and functions of power, ruling and governance in solving national problems. In order to become a modern nation the identity traits and codes of conduct of individualistic and collectivistic cultural modes conditioned by flaws should be ''cleared'' from the Armenian identity as soon as possible and the outdated forms of attitude towards the highest values should be eliminated.
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Articles
ON THE HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY AS CRITERIA FOR EXPANDING SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE
AbstractAnalyzing the corresponding works of E. Zeller, V. Chaloyan, H. Gabrielyan, the author of the article has set forth criteria for the history of philosophy, namely the acceptance and general recognition of scientific knowledge: The ideas of each author of the history of philosophy should be stated accurately, inconsistently, systematically, completely, wholly, as clearly as possible, definitely, elegantly, concisely, verifiably. The objectivity of the article should be preserved when drafting the material. The author’s party affiliation, national identity, personal sympathy should have the least influence on the content of the article. The authors and their ideas should be presented in the full socio-historical, cultural, paradigmatic, philosophical context of the given period. The content, particularities, similarities, and differences of the stated doctrine, as well as the borrowings and ideas from the teachings preceding it, should possibly fully and accurately be assessed by the doctrines that follow it. The historical impact of those ideas should be revealed and their subsequent transformation presented. The biographical data of the author, which have an impact on the perception of the ideas expressed in the article, should also be taken into account. If necessary, both external and internal criticism of the sources used should be made to ensure the accuracy of data and facts. Completeness of sources should possibly be ensured. Teachings that are historically stated must be classified with the utmost precision and accuracy.
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Articles
UNKNOWN SPACE (FRONTIER) AS AN ENVIRONMENT FOR OVERCOMING CULTURAL BOUNDARIES
AbstractA person's going beyond the boundaries of his own cultural space gave rise to a particular problem of meeting with an Alien in frontier heterotopy, where the formation of his image took place in the special conditions of cross-cultural dialogue. It was the frontier who formed a special picture of the world, in which the Alien was given a central place. Consideration of the frontier through the prism of a Foucalt heterotopic space, i.e. space, including many others, allows you to analyze taking into account the many actors of cultural dialogue, because frontier - a multicultural environment that includes many sociocultural components. Moreover, as a heterotopic space, frontier heterotopy includes all other heterotopies: crisis, extreme, open, closed, etc. Penetrating into the frontier territory, the subject becomes part of a new heterotopy and, in contact with the Alien here, seeks to displace him from this space, to replace him with himself. But this new space is perceived inseparably from the Alien, which turns out to be its peculiar attribute. It is this desire to fill a space with itself that acts as the main motive for transgression. As a result, new hybrid cultural spaces are being formed.
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Articles
ON THE NON-TRUE ELEMENTS OF THE RIGHT-POLITICAL DISCOURSE
AbstractThe article attempts to describe and comprehend such non-true elements of the right-political discourse which has not yet been comprehended and named. For this purpose, some types of non-true in the political discourse are discussed, which are named, comprehended, and explained. An analysis of these known types of non-true shows that none of them expresses the essence of the phenomenon described here and presented as an example in the context of the Artsakh-Azerbaijan conflict.
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Articles
PHILOSOPHICAL CONCEPT OF CULTURE IN ANCIENT GREECE AND ROME
AbstractThe article is devoted to the philosophical perception of culture in Ancient Greece and Rome. The author analyzes some concepts, such as Techne, Paideia, and Kalokagathia, which show that in Ancient Greece the cultural human was perceived as a microcosm, a harmoniously educated being endowed with the harmony of soul and body. The myth of the Prometheus told in Plato’s “Protagoras” is also analyzed to show that the ancient Greeks were already thinking of the culture as a service to gods, and regarded the human being as a bad-adapted to nature animal. The article also presents Roman speaker, legislator, politician, and philosopher Cicero's doctrine on the culture of the soul. It is shown that for Cicero, Cultura Animi is the philosophy itself, and the process of educating and cultivating noble Romans should be led by philosophy, the mother of virtues. Cicero attributes much of the achievements of human culture to philosophy and treats it as a consolation and a life-sustaining culture free of fear. Representatives of the Armenian philhellene school and their descendants inherit this culture, appreciating the wisdom and its importance in the process of developing identity.
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Articles
UNDERSTANDING IN THE SYSTEM OF PHILOSOPHICAL KNOWLEDGE
AbstractThe article explores the place and role of understanding in the system of philosophical knowledge, as well as the development of ideas about understanding in the history of philosophical thought. The object of this study is a philosophical understanding of reality; the subject is an understanding of the text. It is argued that there is a significant difference between scientific and philosophical comprehension of reality. The goal of science is truth, while the goal of philosophy is understanding. In knowledge an object “tells” about itself, but in understanding, a person talks about an object. From this point of view, understanding is a form of humanized knowledge, when not only rational but also spiritual comprehension of reality occurs. In the article, special attention is given to hermeneutics, where understanding and text were considered among the main objects of humanitarian research. It is shown that the well-known hermeneutic triangle - “author - text - reader” is a universal form of understanding of texts in which reality becomes accessible to human thinking. On the example of the evolution of hermeneutic studies it is concluded, that none of the elements in this scheme can claim to be the starting point of understanding. Understanding is also considered as a process of forming the space of personal being, which has no physical boundaries, but only boundaries in the consciousness between learned and unknown texts. Understanding, therefore, implies free thought activity, which is another difference between understanding and knowledge: we cannot change knowledge at our discretion, since it is objective and necessary, but we can freely interpret texts and create meanings. This is due to the fact, that knowledge answers the question “What is this?”, while understanding answers the question “What does this mean for me?”
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IN THE BEGINNING WAS UNCONSCIOUS
AbstractIt can be assumed that evolution will allow a person to control his own organism, thereby removing him from the boundaries of time. Various states of consciousness also go through the path of mental development. The state of deep sleep, the state of sleep with dreams, as seen, are also aimed at the status of self-consciousness. Thus, unconscious states of consciousness, or the unconscious level of the psyche, must go the same path of modern I-consciousness, and also be within the boundaries of chronological time.
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