| E - ISSN | : | 2953-8203 |
| P - ISSN | : | 2953-819X |
Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026)
Articles
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Articles
“Black Day, White Face”: Color Terms in Kurmanji Kurdish Phraseology
AbstractThis article examines color-related phraseological units in Kurmanji Kurdish, a topic that has received little dedicated attention despite growing cross-linguistic interest in color idioms. Drawing on lexicographic, folkloric, and ethnolinguistic sources, including material from the Yezidi communities of Armenia, it analyzes idioms built on five basic color terms: reş “black”, spî “white”, sor “red”, şîn “green/blue”, and zer “yellow”. For each, the study traces the etymology of the color word and identifies the cultural, social, and symbolic meanings it encodes. The analysis shows that reş is the most productive and diverse term, while the others range from purity and honor to vitality, fertility, and ambivalent symbolism. It offers a systematic account of color phraseology in Kurmanji and its place in Iranian ethnolinguistics.
ReferencesAcharyan, H. (1979), Hayocʿ lezvi armatakan baṛaran [Etymological dictionary of the Armenian language], vol. 4, Yerevan: Yerevan University Press.
Ahmadi, S. & Ketabi, S. (2011), “Translation Procedures and Problems of Color Idiomatic Expressions in English and Persian: Cultural Comparison in Focus”, The Journal of International Social Research, vol. 4, issue 17, pp. 9–39.
Alotaibi, W. J. (2020), “Colour Idioms in English and Arabic: Their Meaning and Colour Associations”, European Journal of English Language Teaching, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 97–109.
Amryan, T. (2020), Ayn jezdi knoǰ čamprukə [The Suitcase of that Yezidi woman], Yerevan: Zangak.
Asatrian, G., and Poladyan, A. (1989), “Jezdineri davanankʿə” [The Religion of the Yezidis], Patmabanasirakan handes [Historical-Philological Journal], no. 4, pp. 131–150.
Asatrian, G. (1990), “Ešče raz o meste zaza v sisteme iranskix jazykov” [Once more on the place of Zaza in the system of the Iranian languages]”, Patmabanasirakan handes [Historical-Philological Journal], no. 4, pp. 154–163.
Asatrian, G. (2009), “Prolegomena to the Study of the Kurds”, Iran and the Caucasus, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 1–57.
Avaliani, Y. (1970), “Slovo i frazeologizm v iranskix jazykax” [Word and Phraseologism in the Iranian Languages], Trudy Samarkandskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta imeni Ališera Navoi [Transactions of Alisher Navoi Samarkand State University], no. 173, pp. 7–14.
Bakayev, Č. (1969), “Kurdsko-armjanskie frazeologičeskie paralleli” [Kurdish-Armenian phraseological parallels], in: Vzaimodejstvie i vzaimoobogaščenie jazykov narodov SSSR [Interaction and mutual enrichment of the languages of the peoples of the USSR], ed. by N. A. Baskakov, Moscow: Nauka, pp. 256–266.
Bedir Khan, D. A. & Lescot, R. (1970), Grammaire kurde (dialecte kurmandji) [Kurdish grammar (Kurmanji dialect)], Paris: Maisonneuve.
Chyet, M. L. (2003), Kurdish-English Dictionary, New Haven & London: Yale University Press.
FaqeAbdulla, B. I. (2023), “The Impact of Color Symbolism on Using Color Idioms in English and Kurdish Languages”, Zanko Journal of Humanity Sciences, vol. 27, no. 5, pp. 361–379.
Farizov, I. (1957), Russko-kurdskij slovarʹ [Russian-Kurdish dictionary], Moscow: State Publishing House of Foreign and National Dictionaries.
Ghafel, B., and Eslami Rasekh, A. (2011), “Color Terms in Persian and English Metaphoric Expressions: Al-Hasnawi's Cognitive Schemes in Focus”, Cross-Cultural Communication, vol 7, no. 3, pp. 198–210.
Golda, P., Jedziniak, A., Mężyk, J., Ryszka, J., and Uchman, T. (2022), “Colour Terms in Five Linguistic Images of the World: The Semantic Perspective”, GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 39–58.
Hastürkoğlu, G. (2017), “A Cross-Cultural Study on White Colour Idioms in Turkish and English: Conceptual Metaphor Theory in Focus”, Studies in Linguistics, Culture and FLT, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 11–17.
Jaba, A. (1879), Dictionnaire kurde-français [Kurdish-French dictionary], St. Petersburg: Commissionnaire de l'Académie Impériale des Sciences.
Jalil, O., and Jalil, J. (1972), Kurdskie poslovicy i pogovorki: na kurdskom i russkom jazykax [Kurdish proverbs and sayings: in Kurdish and Russian], Moscow: Nauka, GRVL.
Jndi, A. (1985), Kurdskie narodnye poslovicy i pogovorki [Kurdish folk proverbs and sayings], Yerevan: Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the Armenian SSR.
Joseph, I. (1909), "Yezidi Texts", The American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 111–156.
Joseph, I. (1919), Devil Worship: The Sacred Books and Traditions of the Yezidiz, Boston: Richard G. Badger.
Kareem, N. (2019), “Colour-Related Idiomatic Expressions in English and Kurdish”, Koya University Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 131–149.
Khamoyan, M. (1971), Očerki imennoj frazeologii kurdskogo jazyka [Essays on the nominal phraseology of the Kurdish language], Yerevan: Yerevan State University Press.
Khamoyan, M. (1979), Kurdsko-russkij frazeologičeskij slovarʹ [Kurdish-Russian phraseological dictionary], Yerevan: Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the Armenian SSR.
Kurdoyev, K. (1957), Grammatika kurdskogo jazyka (kurmandži) [Grammar of Kurdish (Kurmanji)], Moscow/Leningrad: Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR.
Kurdoyev, K. (1960), Kurdsko-russkij slovarʹ [Kurdish-Russian dictionary], Moscow: State Publishing House of Foreign and National Dictionaries.
Lescot, R. (1940), Textes kurdes, première partie: Contes, proverbes et énigmes, tome I, Paris: Institut français de Damas.
Mashhady, H., Salarvand, H., and Fallah, N. (2014), “A Comparative and Contrastive Study on the Meaning Extension of Color Terms in Persian and English”, Iranian Journal of Applied Language Studies vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 117–156.
Orbeli, I. (2002), Izbrannye trudy v dvux tomax. Kurdsko-russkij slovarʹ [Selected works in two volumes. Kurdish-Russian dictionary], Yerevan: Zangak-97.
Paul-Margueritte, L., and Bedir Khan, K. (1937), Proverbes kurdes [Kurdish Proverbs], Paris: Berger-Levrault.
Sabah, R. (2016), “Translating Idioms from Kurdish to English According to Mona Baker's Strategies”, Zanco Journal for Humanity Sciences, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 246–251.
Skara, D. (2018), “Colours and Metaphors: Cognitive Perspectives”, Radovi: Razdio filoloških znanosti, vol. 37(27), pp. 66–70.
Tsabolov, R. (2010), Ètimologičeskij slovarʹ kurdskogo jazyka [Etymological dictionary of the Kurdish language], vol. 2, Moscow: Vostočnaja Literatura.
Tsukerman, I. (1977), “Kurdskie poslovicy na xorasanskom kurmandži” [Kurdish Proverbs in Khorasan Kurmanji], in: Pisʹmennye pamjatniki i problemy istorii kulʹtury narodov Vostoka. XIII godičnaja naučnaja sessija LO IV AN SSSR (kratkie soobščenija). Oktjabrʹ 1977 g. [Written monuments and problems in the cultural history of the peoples of the East: 13th annual session of the Leningrad branch of the Institute of Oriental Studies, USSR Academy of Sciences (short communications). October 1977], ed. by P. A. Grjaznevič, Moscow: Nauka, GRVL, pp. 149–153.
Voskanyan, V. (1999), “Kapuyti argelkʿə yezdiakanutʿyan meǰ” [The prohibition of blue in Yezidism]", Merjavor ev Miǰin Arewelkʿi erkrner ev žołovowrdner [Near and Middle Eastern Countries and Peoples], no. 18, pp. 236–241.
Yusupova, Z. (1990), “O dialektnom sostave kurdskogo jazyka” [On the dialectal composition of Kurdish], Patmabanasirakan handes [Historical-Philological Journal], no. 3, pp. 164–176.
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Articles
Who Owns What? Possessive Constructions in Northern Talyshi (Anbarāni and Lankarāni Dialects)
AbstractTalyshi, a Northwestern Iranian language spoken in Iran and the Republic of Azerbaijan, is traditionally divided into three dialect clusters: Northern, Central, and Southern. This paper investigates possessive constructions in two Northern Talyshi dialects, Anbarāni (Iran) and Lankarāni (Azerbaijan), drawing on original fieldwork and corpus data. In the attributive domain, both dialects share three strategies: oblique marking of the possessor, the optional preposition čə, and possessive pronouns. In the predicative domain, hitherto almost undocumented, they diverge sharply: Anbarāni employs a goal-schema construction, marking the possessor with the postposition ro and an existential predicate, whereas Lankarāni employs a genitive-schema construction, in which the oblique-marked possessor is obligatorily cross-referenced by an enclitic pronoun. This divergence tracks not the traditional tripartite classification of Talyshi but the dominant contact language of each dialect — Persian for Anbarāni, Azerbaijani for Lankarāni. The findings refine the place of Northern Talyshi within the typology of Western Iranian predicative possession and provide the first description of predicative possession for any Northern Talyshi variety spoken in the Republic of Azerbaijan.
ReferencesAboszoda, F., and Sadykhzoda, A. (2019), Toləša zəvon: fonetika, morfologiya, sintaksis [Talyshi Language: Phonetics, Morphology, Syntax], Minsk: Medisont.
Amiriān-Budālālu, R. (2005), Guyeš-e Tāleši-e Anbarān-e Ardabil [The Talyshi dialect of Anbarān of Ardabil], Tehran: Jāme-e Negar.
Avchyan, H. (2024), “Comparison Constructions in Two Northern Talyshi Dialects”, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 303–324.
Heine, B. (1997), Possession: Cognitive sources, forces, and grammaticalization, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Matras, Y., and Sakel, J. (2007), “Investigating the Mechanisms of Pattern Replication in Language Convergence”, Studies in Language, vol 31, no. 4, pp. 829–865.
Miller, B. (1948), “O suffikse -i imjon suščestvitel'nyx v talyšskom jazyke” [On the Suffix -i of Nouns in the Talyshi Language], Jazyk i myšlenie, vol. 11, pp. 237–246.
Miller, B. (1953), Talyšskij jazyk [The Talyshi Language], Moscow: Nauka.
Mohammadirad, M. (2020), “Predicative Possession across Western Iranian Languages”, Folia Linguistica, vol. 54, no. 3, pp. 497–526.
Paul, D. (2011), A Comparative Dialectal Description of Iranian Taleshi, Manchester: University of Manchester dissertation.
Schulze, W. (2000), Northern Talysh, Munich: Lincom Europa.
Stassen, L. (2009), Predicative Possession, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Stilo, D. (2008), “Two Sets of Mobile Verbal Person Agreement Markers in the Northern Talyshi Language”, in Aspects of Iranian Linguistics, ed. by S. Karimi, D. Stilo, and V. Samiian, Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, pp. 363–390.
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Articles
Identifying Daš Maštis in Pre-Revolutionary Iranian Cinema: A Linguistic-Semiotic Study
AbstractThis study investigates the semiotic and linguistic construction of daš maštis-urban masculine figures that became prominent in mid-twentieth-century Iranian popular cinema within the broader cultural, social, and historical framework of Film-Farsi.
Drawing upon the theoretical insights of Christian Metz, Roland Barthes, and Mikhail Bakhtin, the article examines how cinematic language produces and circulates ideology through intricate sign systems, embodied gestures, and vernacular speech. Through close analysis of canonical films such as Qaysar (1969), Daš Akol (1971), and other representative works, the study demonstrates that the daš mašti functions simultaneously as a linguistic, moral, and cultural signifier. Specifically, the research investigates linguistic features such as phonological variation, lexical creativity, idiomatic expressions, pragmatic markers of solidarity, and stylistic deviations from standard Persian, showing how these elements construct group identity and perform masculinity on screen. Employing a linguistic-semiotic approach, the study reveals that the daš mašti embodies a hybrid discourse-a synthesis of urban colloquial speech, moral codes associated with javanmardi, and performative markers of masculinity-that mediates between cinematic representation and prevailing social norms.
Moreover, it highlights how their figures articulate tensions between modernity and tradition, authority and rebellion, and individual desire and communal expectation.
Ultimately, the article argues that the daš mašti in pre-revolutionary Iranian cinema is not merely a cinemativ archetype or folkloric trope, but a complex social-linguistic construct through which cultural identity, morality, and ideological negotiation are expressed, contested, and disseminated to audiences, offering critical insight into both the filmic imagination and the socio-cultural dynamics of the era.
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Articles
The Position of the Verbal Derivational Prefixes in the Sentence as a Distinguishing Feature of Persian Dialects from Other South-Western Iranian Dialects
AbstractThe article examines a number of most commonly used prefixed verbs in Persian, Dari and Tajiki dialects as well as in the Bakhtiari dialects of Iran and the Tati dialects of the Caucasus. The present study has shown that in the Persian dialects of Iran and in Herati, the derivational (word-building) prefixes are separated from the word stem when the prefixed verbs are conjugated, while in the rest of the dialects considered in the article, such prefixes are permanently attached to the stem and are inseparable from it during conjugation. This fact leads to the conclusion that the detachment of the derivational prefixes from the stem in this group of verbs can serve as an important differentiating feature of the Persian dialects of Iran and the adjacent Khorasani dialects of northwestern Afghanistan in relation to the rest of the southwestern Iranian languages and dialects.
ReferencesAhangar, A. (2010), “A study of the verb system in the Sistani dialect of Persian”, Orientalia Suecana, vol. 59, pp. 5-44.
Amīnī, A. (1960 / 1338), Sī afsāne az afsānehā-ye maḥallī-ye Eṣfahān, gerdāvarande A. Q. Amīnī [Thirty folk-tales of Isfahan collected by A. Q. Amīnī], Eṣfahān: Čāpxāne-ye Awliyāʾ. In Persian.
Anonby, E., and Asadi, A. (2014), Bakhtiari studies: phonology, text, lexicon (Studia Iranica Upsaliensia 24), Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis.
Bogorad, Y. (1956), “Rogskie govory tadžikskogo jazyka” [The Rogh varieties of the Tajiki language], Trudy Instituta Jazykoznanija, vol. 6, pp. 133-195. In Russian.
Efimov, V, Rastorgueva, V, and Šarova, E. (1982), “Persidskij, tadžikskij, dari” [Persian, Tajiki, Dari], in: Osnovy iranskogo jazykoznanija. Novoiranskie jazyki: zapadnaja gruppa, prikaspijskie jazyki [Fundamentals of Iranian linguistics: New Iranian languages, Western group, Caspian languages], ed. by V. Rastorgueva, Moscow: Nauka, pp. 447-554. In Russian.
Farhâdi, A. (1955), Le persan parlé en Afghanistan. Grammaire du Kâboli accompagnée d’un recueil de quatrains populaire de la Region de Kâbol, Paris: Librairie C. Klincksieck.
Grjunberg, A. (1963a), Yazyk severoazerbajdžanskix tatov [The language of the Tats of Northern Azerbaijan], Leningrad: Izdatel’stvo Akademii Nauk SSSR. In Russian.
Grjunberg, A. (1963b), “Seistanskij dialekt v Seraxse” [The Sistani dialect in Serakhs], Kratkie Soobščeniya Instituta Narodov Azii [Brief transactions from the Institute of the peoples of Asia], vol. 67, pp. 76-86. In Russian.
Grjunberg, A. and Davydova, L. (1982), “Tatskiy yazyk” [The Tati language], Osnovy iranskogo yazykoznaniya. Novoiranskie yazyki: zapadnaya gruppa, prikaspijskie jazyki [Fundamentals of Iranian linguistics: New Iranian languages, Western group, Caspian languages], ed. by V. Rastorgueva, Moscow: Nauka, pp. 231-286. In Russian.
Ioannesyan, Y. (1999), Geratskij dialekt jazyka dari sovremennogo Afganistana [The Herati dialect of the Dari language of contemporary Afghanistan], Moscow: Vostočnaja literatura. In Russian.
Ioannesyan, Y. (2000), “J̌āygāh-e gūyeš-e harāti dar mīyān-e gūyešhā-ye gorūh-e zabānī-ye fārsī-ye darī” [The Position of the Herati dialect among the dialects of the Dari Persian language group], trans. into Persian by H. Mostafavigerou, Nāme-ye Farhangestān [Quarterly Journal of Iranian Academy of Persian Language and Literature], vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 140–159. In Persian.
Ioannesyan Y. (2009), Afghan folktales from Herat: Persian texts in transcription and translation. New York: Cambria Press.
Ioannesyan, Y. (2010), “Situating the Khorasani dialects within the Persian-Dari-Tajiki linguistic continuum”, in: The Necklace of the Pleiades: 24 Essays on Persian Literature, Culture and Religion. Studies in Persian Literature Presented to Heshmat Moayyad on His 80th Birthday (Iranian Studies Series), ed. by F. Lewis, and S. Sharma, Leiden: Leiden University Press, pp. 267-278.
Ivanova, S. (1956), “Materialy po pendžikentskomu govoru tadžikskogo yazyka” [Materials for the study of the Panjakenti dialect of Tajiki], Trudy Instituta Yazykoznanija, vol. 6, pp. 281-342. In Russian.
Ivanow, W. (1928), “Persian as spoken in Birjand”, Journal and Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, New Series, vol. 24, pp. 235-351.
Kerimova, A. (1959), Govor tadžikov Buxary [The Tajiki variety of Bukhara], Moscow: Izdatel’stvo Vostočnoj literatury. In Russian.
Kerimova, A. (1982), “Lurskie i baxtiarskie dialekty” [The Luri and Bakhtiari dialects], Osnovy iranskogo yazykoznaniya. Novoiranskie yazyki: zapadnaya gruppa, prikaspijskie jazyki [Fundamentals of Iranian linguistics: New Iranian languages, Western group, Caspian languages], ed. by V. Rastorgueva, Moscow: Nauka, pp. 287-315. In Russian.
Lazard, G. (1957), Grammaire du persan contemporain, Paris: Librairie C. Klincksieck.
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Rābīn, ʿA. (1986 / 1365), Żarbulmas̱alhā-yi ‘āmīyāna [Popular proverbs], Kābūl: Idâra-yi Našarātī-yi Sāzmān-i Damukrātīk-i J̌avānān-i Afγānistān. In Persian.
Reżāʾī, J̌. (1998 / 1377), Barrasī-ye gūyeš-e Bīrǰand. Dastūr va vāžehnāmeh: Bīrǰandī be Fārsī [Study of the dialect of Bīrǰand. Grammar and Bīrǰandī-Persian dictionary], Tehrān: Hīrmand. In Persian.
Šahrī, J̌. (2002 / 1381), Qand o namak. Żarbolmas̱alhā-ye tehrānī be zabān-e moḥāvere [Sugar and salt. Tehrani proverbs in colloquial language], 4th edition, Tehrān: Entešārāt-e Moʿīn. In Persian.
Smirnova, L. (1978), Isfaхanskij govor: materialy k izučeniju [The Isfahani dialect: materials for its study], Moscow: Nauka. In Russian.
Sotūdeh, M. (1957 / 1335), Farhang-e Kermānī [A Dictionary of the Kermani Dialect], Tehran: Farhang-e Īrānzamīn. In Persian.
Šuʿur, A. (1974/1353), Tarānahā-yi kuhsār, gerdāvarande Šuʿur A., bā ihtimām-i F. Faqīrī [Songs of the mountains, collected by A. Šuʿur, with the assistance of F. Faqīrī], Kābūl: Wizārat-i Iṭṭilāʿāt wa Kultūr, šuʿbah-ʼi adabīyāt-i ʿāmiyānah. In Persian.
Taheri-Ardali, M., Borjian, H, and Anonby, E. (2025), “The Bavadi and their Bakhtiari Dialect”, Iranian Studies, vol. 58, no. 3, pp. 548-594.
Tonoyan, A. (2025), “Caucasian Persian (Tati) Fragments in Armenian Script: A Study of the Lord's Prayer with Transliteration, Translation, and Comments”, Journal of Iranian Linguistics, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 72-111.
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Žukovskij, V. (1902), Obrazcy narodnogo tvorčestva. Pesni pevcov-muzykantov, pesni svadebnye, pesni kolybelʿnye, zagadki, obrazcy raznogo soderžanija [Samples of [Persian] folklore: songs of singers-musicians, wedding songs, lullabies, riddles, samples of various content], St. Petersburg: Tipografija I. Boraganskogo & Ko. In Russian.
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Articles
Two Fragments from a Middle Persian Codex in Manichaean Script with Hymns to the Sun God and to Mani
AbstractTwo unpublished Manichaean Middle Persian texts from the Berlin Turfan collection are here edited and commented upon for the first time. The two folios, in parts severely damaged, are from a same codex containing hymns. In the remaining parts a hymn to Mani, containing interesting references to the forerunning Prophets, a hymn to the Sun God, and a hymn to the Chariots of the Sun and the Moon are present.
ReferencesAllberry, C.R.C. (1938), A Manichaean Psalm-book, Part II, Stuttgart: W. Kohlhammer.
Andreas, F.C. & Henning, W.B. (1932), “Mitteliranische Manichaica I, aus dem Nachlaß herausgegeben von W. B. Henning”, Sitzungsberichte der Preußischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Philosophisch-Historische Klasse 10, 173-222. [repr. Henning Selected Papers. I, 1–48].
Andreas, F.C. & Henning, W.B. (1933), “Mitteliranische Manichaica II, aus dem Nachlaß herausgegeben von W. B. Henning”, Sitzungsberichte der Preußischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Philosophisch-Historische Klasse 7, pp. 292-363 [repr. Henning Selected Papers. I, 191–260].
Andreas, F.C., and Henning, W.B. (1934), “Mitteliranische Manichaica III, aus dem Nachlaß herausgegeben von W. B. Henning”, Sitzungsberichte der Preußischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Philosophisch-Historische Klasse 27, pp. 846-912 [repr. Henning Selected Papers. I, 275-340].
BBB = Henning 1936, and Sims-Williams, Sheldon, and Gulácsi 2022.
Boyce, M. (1952), “Some Parthian Abecedarian Hymns”, Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 435-50.
Boyce, M. (1960), A Catalogue of the Iranian manuscipts in Manichean script in the German Turfan Collection, (Deutsche Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, Institut für Orientforschung, Veröffentlichung, Nr. 45), Berlin: Akademie-Verlag.
Colditz, I. (2000), Zur Sozialterminologie der iranischen Manichäer. Eine semantische Analyse im Vergleich zu den nichtmanichäischen iranischen Quellen (Iranica 5), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
Colditz, I. (2018), Iranische Personennamen in manichäischer Überlieferung (Iranisches Personennamenbuch, hrsg. von R. Schmitt, H. Eichner, B. G. Fragner und V. Sadovski, Bd. 2, Mitteliranische Namen, Fasz. 1), Wien: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften.
Durkin-Meisterernst, D. (2004), Dictionary of Manichaean Middle Persian and Parthian (Corpus Fontium Manichaeorum. Dictionary of Manichaean Texts Vol. III), Turnhout: Brepols.
Durkin-Meisterernst, D. (2014), Miscellaneous Hymns. Middle Persian and Parthian Hymns in the Turfan Collection (Berliner Turfantexte XXXI), Turnhout: Brepols.
Gardner, I. (1995), The Kephalaia of the Teacher. The edited Coptic Manichaean Texts in Translation with Commentary (Nag Hammadi and Manichaean Texts 37), Leiden/New York/Cologne: Brill.
Henning, W.B. (1936), Ein manichäisches Bet- und Beichtbuch (Abhandlungen der preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Philosophisch-historische Klasse 10), Berlin: Akademie der Wissenschaften [repr. Henning 1977 I, 417-557].
Henning, W.B. (1944), “Bráhman”, Transactions of the Philological Society, vol. 43, pp. 108-118 [repr. Henning 1977 II, 193-201].
Henning, W.B. (1948), “A Sogdian Fragment of the Manichaean Cosmogony”, Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 306-318 [repr. Henning 1977 II, 301-313].
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