Banber Erevani hamalsarani. P'ilisop'ayut'yun, hogebanut'yun.
| E - ISSN | : | 2738-2621 |
| P - ISSN | : | 1829-4553 |
Vol. 10 No. 3 (30) (2019)
Articles
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Articles
THE ETHICAL VIEWS OF GRIGOR TATEVATSI
AbstractThough the ethical views of Saint Grigor Tatevatsi (1346-1409), the most prominent representative of medieval Armenian philosophy and theology, are anchored on the religious paradigm of ''sinfulness-salvation'', the influence of rational ethics is noticeable in them, particularly the demands of reason are also considered to be criterial in the issues of the essence of human being, freedom of will, evil and good, sin and virtue. He consistently defends the idea of free will, criticizing both astrologer-fatalists and necessitarianists, as well as those who condition the free will by predetermination and providence. Tatevatsi, continuing the deeply-rooted tradition in the theological-philosophical thought, excludes the substantive nature of the evil and considers the latter as non-existence or as a lack of good, and as a result of human activity in a social-ethical sense. Tatevatsi presents a complete theory about the meaningfulness of human existence which first of all supposes clear vision of moral meaning of human habitation, i. e. world, of space and time, human dimensions, secondly, of the beginning and end of being, earthly and eternal life, the meaning, purpose of human existence and the ways to reach them. Criticizing the doctrine of ancient thinkers about the blissful being, he denies the probability of blissful existence during earthly life. However, considering the earthly life as a preparation to enter the eternal world (essentially, the problem of salvation and going to heaven or hell is solved during the earthly life), he encourages the human God-pleasing activity, the achievement of virtues and considers the moral lifestyle as the only true way taking us to salvation (God saves those who want to be saved).
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Articles
METHODOLOGICAL SUBSTANTIATION OF THE “SCIENCE OF NATURE” IN THE WORKS BY ANANIA SHIRAKATSI
AbstractThe article presents the methodological conception of the Armenian scientist and philosopher of the 7th century Anania Shirakatsi on the correlation of ancient scientific and philosophical legacy and Christian teachings, philosophy, and theology, reason, and faith, which was pivotal for the early Middle Ages. The article shows that the scientist discerns a certain connection and continuity between pagan teachings and the Christian worldview. If the object of the study of pagan science is the cosmos as a whole, then the object of the study of Christian thinkers is the achievements of pagan science. Therefore, the result of the cognitive activity of pagan philosophers has become the subject of study and a means of cognition for Christian authors. The article considers the system of arguments of Anania Shirakatsi, substantiating the principle of consistency of ancient science and Christian teachings.
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Articles
THE PHILOSOPHICAL-CULTUROLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE CONCEPTION “BORDER”
AbstractThe article asserts that the formation of borders between the natural and the artificial, one's own and another's is originally inherent to a person, who creates his own world – the world of Culture – in an incomprehensible and alien world of Nature. Initially, the border lay between nature and culture, however, due to its sense-forming function, culture became so diverse, that the border, figuratively speaking, moved to the field of culture, becoming a measure of one’s and someone else’s friend and enemy, allowed and forbidden, etc. By setting borders, culture also becomes a kind of watchman guarding his territory. The paradox of this completely natural situation is that culture protects what it does not have – the territory because the cultural sphere of living (actualization, creative being) is the border – the meeting place of at least two cultures. A dialogue also begins here, which in the modern multicultural world is a form of cultural existence. The article substantiates the idea, that the phenomenon of the border is directly related to man, because his spiritual world generally arises on the border of being and non-being, in the so-called "situation of borderline being". Non-being, in this case, appears not as Nothing, but as another , which cannot be eliminated due to the moral justification of its existence. This justifies that the integrity of human beings cannot be guaranteed by a single culture, but becomes possible only at the border of cultures, where the creative tension of the spiritual world of a person is expressed. The border becomes a measure of self-determination and at the same time, it must be overcome creatively.
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Articles
METAMODERNISM AS ALTERNATIVE TO THE “END OF HISTORY”
AbstractWhat kind of world do we live in? Since the tragic events of September 11, 2001, the world has changed, a new era has begun, where the cultural, social, economic, technological, political implications of understanding the essence of man changed. Many scientists and thinkers agree with the issue of the end of the post-modern era. Some of them say that post-modern has led to a sudden end due to tangible events of climate change, financial crisis, terrorist attacks, and the digital revolution. However, there is no single answer to the question of what era has come. Some call the contemporary world hypermodern, others auto modern, alter-modern, etc. In 2010 Dutch Timotheus Vermeulen and Robin van den Akken published an article “Notes on Metamodernism”, in which they described modern reality as metamodern, the distinguishing feature of which is oscillation.
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DEVOLUTION OF HUMAN CONDUCT: ETHOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDY
AbstractThe article deals with the formation and manifestation of human conduct as a relatively independent devolution phenomenon. It is the first time that we have used the term ‘Devolution’ in Psychology for describing a new phenomenon that we have noticed in human conduct. Not contradicting the theory of evolution, even accepting its methodology, we discuss the changes in human conduct in terms of devolution rather than evolution. Not the escape, but return… In the theory of evolution and ethology, it is hardly spoken about the development of the conduct. Mainly, the conduct is connected with the evolutional level of an animal, but we think that conduct also has the feature of changing independently. Human evolution can be viewed (and should) not only from the perspective of biological models where psychic development occupies a derivative place but also from cognitivebehavioral models, which have relatively independent developments. Very often a contemporary man adjusting to his environment, and gradually he impacts it less and less. We don’t speak here about simple passivity but about the impediment of progress with the degradation of conduct taking place. It is not a commonly known regressive defense mechanism (regressive conduct), but an awakening of a lower level of evolutional conduct. In the first case, the phenomenon is ontogenetical, in the second one-phylogenetic. In the first case, the defensive mechanism is directed towards the adaptation of a person, in the second case, we talk about a return to previous sensations of security and preservation of ancient species. Human psychic evolution hasn’t crossed the point of irreversibility: in some borderline situations, there appear early patterns of conduct with phylogenic and anthropogenic nature, which secure human adaptation in his environment by non-normative forms.
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THE PROBLEM OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERSONAL FACTORS IN PERSONALITY TRAITS MODELS “BIG FIVE” AND “BLACK TRIAD”
AbstractThe Big Five is the most widely used model for the classification of personality traits. However, it is criticized because of describing the positive aspects of the personality, without embracing the negative, dark, antisocial aspects. That is why the Dark Triad model, which reflects the negative aspects of a person, is rapidly developing today. This article aims to examine the relationship between personality traits and the Dark Triad. Linear regression analysis is used. The results indicate that Psychopathy, Narcissism are positive predictors, and Agreeableness is a negative predictor for Machiavellianism. Also, Narcissism is positively predicted by Machiavellianism, Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Openness. Neuroticism, Agreeableness, and Machiavelism are negative predictors for Psychopathy.
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THE PSYCHOLOGICAL ADAPTATION MECHANISMS OF A PERSON IN EMERGENCY SITUATIONS
AbstractThe article presents the psychological adaptation mechanisms of a person in emergencies, so in summary, we can conclude that psychological adaptation is characterized as a relationship between a person and a group when a person efficiently acts without long-lasting internal and external conflicts. In emergencies, it is very important to identify the individual adaptation mechanisms, as well as to identify, analyze, and comprehend the causes and peculiarities of their inadequacy or distortion by shedding light on the phenomena that are crucial to the psychological instability, psychological and physical alienation of the individual.
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