Vol. 15 No. 3 (45) (2024)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.46991/BYSU:E/2024.15.3
Published: 2024-11-15

Full Issue

PHILOSOPHY

  • PHILOSOPHY

    The Existential Cost of the Social Staging of Life: Man in an Ontological Trap

    Edvard Harutyunyan
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    Abstract

    In the article, the problems of the incompleteness  of human eхistence and the specificity  of social ontology are discussed in the context of  тhe social project.  Social ontology is a complete system endowed with the «constitutional» powers of organizing human coexistence, as well as regulating economic, political and socio-cultural life,within which human  natural and metaphysical identities  constantly clash.The problem is that only by passing from the «biological economy” to the «metaphysical economy» can a person confirm his ontological greatness, acquire a metaphysical identity and become a social subject․ But in order for a person to acquire the status of a social subject, he must identify with the role assigned to him and be what the given social system wants him to be. In fact,in the social staging of life, existence is deprived of differences, because the players are not independent subjects, but puppet incarnations formed by order of the social system and subordinate to it,or, in other words, dead masks representing the subject. Additionally, in order to discover the manifestation charachteristics of the phenomena of '' the death of the subject'' in the sociocultural context it is necessary to transition from the procedural consideration to the examination of the status (role) derived from the present social institutions, and to show that the role is not only the constitutive principle of human existence, but also a mask with the help og which one can present or hide the individuality of a person. This has already been done.

    References

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    Делез Ж.,Гваттари Ф. Анти-Эдип: Капитализм и шизофрения․ Екатеринбург, 2007, էջ 22։

    Турчин В. Ф. Феномен науки. Кибернетический подход к эволюции. М. , 2000, էջ 357։

    Жижек С. 13 опытов о Ленине. М., 2003, էջ 13-14։

    Хоружий С.С. Род или недород? Заметки к онтологии виртуальности // Вопросы философии. 1997, № 6, էջ 52-53։

    Кутырев В. А. Апология человеческого (предпосылки и контуры консервативного философствования) // Вопр. философии. 2002, № 9, էջ 69։

    Фромм Э. Здоровое общество․ М․, 2011, էջ 395։

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    Батай Ж. Внутренний опыт. СПб., 1997, էջ 92։

    Бодрийяр Ж. В тени молчаливого большинства, или конец социального․ Екатеринбург, 2000, էջ 8-9։

    Бодрийяр Ж. В тени молчаливого большинства, или конец социального․Екатеринбург, 2000, էջ 18։

  • PHILOSOPHY

    "Together Loneliness" as a Phenomenon of the Information Society

    Arman Gharagulyan
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    Abstract

    Digital technologies promise to unite people, but they often have the opposite effect, deepening the feeling of loneliness. Constant online presence through social media and instant messaging leads to superficial, meaningless interactions. This situation creates a unique paradox: "together loneliness," where people feel isolated even in the midst of large city crowds or on the most active internet platforms, despite the presence of digital connections.

    The article not only examines the social and psychological consequences of digital alienation but also highlights the philosophical aspects of the loneliness problem. Special attention is paid to the impact of digital technologies on teenagers. The constant use of smartphones and social media reduces the frequency and quality of personal interactions, hindering the development of empathy, self-analysis, and emotional self-expression skills. As a result, teenagers often avoid communicating in real life, preferring digital interactions, which further deepens the feeling of loneliness and social isolation.

    The article proposes multi-layered solutions to the problem, including measures implemented at different levels of society. These are aimed at restoring direct human interactions and preventing further deepening of digital disconnection, with the goal of reaffirming the importance of real, meaningful connections in our digitized world.

    References

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    Hertz N., The Lonely Century: How to Restore Human Connection in a World That's Pulling Apart, New York, 2021, էջ 8։

    Թորո Հ. Դ., Ուոլդեն, կամ կյանքն անտառում, Եր. 2019, էջ 158-169։

    Сартр Ж. П., Бытые и ничто, М., 2000, էջ 559։

    Хайдеггер М., Бытие и время, Фолио 2003, էջ 287։

    Дюркгейм Э., Самоубийство: Социологический этюд, М.: Мысль, 1994, էջ 298։

    Малиновский Б., Проблема значения в примитивных языках // Эпистемология и философия науки. 2005. №3., էջ 213։

    Turkle Sh., Alone together: why we expect more from technology and less from each other, Basic books, 2011, էջ 178։

    Kushlev H. et al., Smartphones Reduce Smiles Between Strangers // Computers in Human Behavior , 91, February, 2019, էջ 12–16։

    Ավետիսյան Ղ., Սահմանը որպես «յուրայինի» և «օտարի» տարբաժանման ու ինքնաճանաչման գործոն // «Բանբեր Երևանի համալսարանի. Փիլիսոփայություն, Հոգեբանություն», 2019, N 1 (28), էջ 48

  • PHILOSOPHY

    Deontologizing social being: the human in the virtual world

    Ovsanna Nahapetyan
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    Abstract

    In our era of postmodernism, due to contradictions and unprecedented unrest, man has found himself in such a situation that it is becoming increasingly difficult to simultaneously evaluate the period lived and ensure the ontological stability of human existence. The problem is that modern globalization processes, on the one hand, expand the framework of the socio-cultural space and time of human existence and activity and include it in a new context of possibilities, on the other hand, however, as a result of all this, man is, as it were, alienated from the world he created and ontologically obvious, real and native, and finds a place of residence in the virtual world. Figuratively speaking, an unprecedented process of deontologization of the social and creation of a fundamentally different world has begun, as a result of which man gradually moves away from the once remarkable and soulful world and settles in an alien world without being, which seems to be a semblance of the original in which he lived. What this new world will ultimately be like is not entirely clear, because the fate of this new and desocializing man who has undertaken all this is also unclear, over whose head, as K. Jung would say, is the sky, under whose feet is shrouded in history and all of humanity lost in the mists of antiquity, and ahead is the abyss of the future.

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  • PHILOSOPHY

    Historical Memory as a Socio-Cultural Text of Generational Identity Continuity

    Hamlet Simonyan
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    Abstract

    The course of human history shows that relying on historical memory is one of the key prerequisites for the continuity of generational identity, as it ensures both the connection and continuity between the past and the present while also gaining significant importance in the discourse of the future. Through historical memory, we become acquainted with the culture of organizing the lives of ancestors, which encapsulates the socio-cultural codes necessary for the identification of generations—traditions and customs, stereotypes and prejudices, myths, rituals, taboos, and so on.

    Every culture of life organization is based on historical memory and, through it, transmits to the new generation a set of value-ethical characteristics that are crucial for identity. This implies that by integrating into the existing life culture, a person is faced with a dilemma each time and must decide whether to follow the behavioral rules and socio-cultural norms specific to the culture of life organization of the past, or to revise and modernize their socio-cultural context.

    Based on the above facts, historical memory is presented in the article as a precondition of key importance for the continuity of the identity of generations, serving as a unique context of staying true to the identity values of the past, but at the same time revising and revaluing them.

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    White H., The Burden of History // History and Theory, Vol.5, No.2, 1966, p. 123.

    Foster J., Memory: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2009, էջ 6:

    Рушди С., Дети полуночи, Лимбус Пресс, Санкт-Петербург и Москва, 2006, с. 149.

    Ricoeur P., Memory, History, Forgetting, The University of Chicago Press, Chicago and London, 2004, էջ 85:

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PSYCHOLOGY

  • PSYCHOLOGY

    The Methodological Crisis in Psychology, the Crisis of Methodology of Psychology, and the Issue of Methodological Entitiness of Psychology

    Gagik Petrosyan
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    Abstract

    The article discusses the manifestations of the methodological crisis of psychology and the possibilities of its solution. Special attention is paid to the fact that nowadays the crisis of psychology is mostly manifested not by the open conflict of its separate directions, but by the crisis of the methodology of psychology, which can be expressed, for example, by the presence of a crisis in the field of discussion of the problem of the methodological crisis caused by the theoretical fragmentation of psychology. The crisis in methodology of psychology arises primarily because, amid the diversity of psychological theories, a cohesive methodology has historically not been established to precede psychological conceptions. This lack of a unified methodological framework hinders the opportunity to form a cohesive field for considering these conceptions together. In the absence of a unified methodology, discussing the theoretical fragmentation of psychology becomes impossible. Therefore, the unification of psychology must be preceded by the unification of its methodology. A unified methodology is only feasible if it presupposes a form of psychology that is methodologically prior to all historically establish and circulating psychological conceptions. The possibility of such psychology is directly related to the problem of methodological entitiness of psychology, which refers to the existence of psychology independent of all known psychological concepts. The latter acts as a dimension composed of the axes of the possibility of psychological knowledge and the necessity of forming psychological concepts, where all psychological concepts can be combined and considered together.

     

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  • PSYCHOLOGY

    Do Regulatory Focus and Mindset Affect Young Adults’ Well-Being? the Study of Individual Differences on Psychological Well-Being

    Astghik Serobyan, Zheyu Song
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    Abstract

    This study investigated the relationship between regulatory focus, mindset, and well-being among young adults. Specifically, this was to examine whether promotion focus, prevention focus, and growth mindset were associated with higher levels of well-being. Our sample consisted of 332 young adults aged 18-25, who completed questionnaires assessing regulatory focus, mindset, and well-being. Results showed that promotion focus and growth mindset were positively associated with well-being, whereas prevention focus was negatively related to well-being. These findings suggest that individuals who tend to pursue positive outcomes and approach-oriented goals are more likely to experience higher levels of well-being. Overall, this study highlights the importance of considering individual differences in regulatory focus and mindset when examining the factors that contribute to young adults’ well-being.

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  • PSYCHOLOGY

    Causes of Internet Addiction in the Context of Individual Involvement in Professional Activity

    Lusine Ghazaryan
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    Abstract

    The relevance of the article's topic is due to the fact that in the 21st century, the internet has experienced rapid development as a means for individuals to engage in professional activities, obtain information, communicate virtually, and meet various social needs. In this context, the information society is facing a socio-psychological phenomenon that has been termed internet addiction within professional circles. Indeed, this phenomenon can affect people regardless of gender, age, or educational background. However, scientific literature also identifies specific target groups that are more prone to internet addiction. We tend to believe that in certain cases, specific professions also create conditions that can shape corresponding tendencies in individuals to varying degrees. Therefore, such research is important and timely for identifying potential targets and developing appropriate strategies aimed at mitigating risks. The aim of the research conducted within the article is to investigate the potential for internet addiction based on an individual's profession, by identifying those at higher risk. The research is grounded in the works of Klimov and Holland on professional classification, Orzack's views on the characteristics of internet addiction, and Young's methodology, which helps determine the level of internet dependency. Based on our research, we find that individuals whose professional activities are directly related to the use of internet resources are in the most at-risk zone for internet addiction. This is because, outside of work, people use the opportunities provided by the Internet to meet various needs, thereby becoming targets for potential addiction.

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