Vol. 50 No. 3 (241) (2016)

Volumetric and viscometric properties of cationic surfactant cetylpyridinium bromide in aqueous ascorbic acid solutions were studied. The apparent molar volumes, standard partial molar volumes in dilute solutions, transfer apparent molar volumes at infinite dilution and viscosity B-coefficients were determined. It was concluded that the behavior of volumetric and viscometric properties in studied ternary system is mainly determined by hydrophobic interactions.

The method for producing esters of 1,4-butanediol from 1,4-dichloro-2-butene as by-product of chloroprene production is developed. The synthesis comprises of the steps of dichlorobutene hydrolysis, hydrogenation of the resulting butenediol and esterification of the resulting butanediol, with higher carboxylic acids, i.e. stearic, oleic and palmitic. The esterification reaction is carried out in the presence of acid catalyst without solvent or in solvent toluene. The corresponding esters are defined by their physical and chemical constants.

The influence of 2-cyano-3,4,4-trimethyl-2-butene-4-olyd (unsaturated cyanolacton, UCL) and DMSO on the rate of the reaction H₂O₂+HOO^– at room temperature was studied using gasometric method. Taking into consideration the solubility of H₂O₂ in water and solubility of UCL in oil, the UCL influence is studied in: a) water–EtOH solution; b) in water emulsions stabilized by either anionic (sodium dodecylsulfate, DDS) or cationic (dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride, DTAC) emulsifier. It is assumed that very polar groups, which are in UCL and DMSO molecules, favor the non-radical mechanism of the reaction.

The inductive effect of alkyl groups of alcohols is an additive quality, which arises because of the differences in electronegativities of atoms of hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen in the molecule of alcohol are provided. Thanks to that a negative charge is formed on carbon atoms of the C–H bond, and a positive charge on carbon atoms of C–O bond. We show that these charges are equivalent to the natural forces of affinity, which cause the chemoselectivity of molecules.

Interactions of amines and amino alcohols with glyoxal have been investigated and the compositions and structures of synthesized compounds have been studied. Alcoholates as well as chelates of Ni²⁺ and Mn²⁺ ions respectively have been prepared on the basis of products of the above reactions. The compositions and structures of the synthesized metal-organic compounds were studied by IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis.

In this work the effect of electromagnetic irradiation by extremely high frequencies on free-radical reactions accompanied by a weak luminescencechemiluminescence (oxidation process of lipids, intensity of spontaneous chemiluminescence) and malonic dialdehyde accumulation in wheat has been studied. It was shown that this irradiation impacts on lipids oxidation of cellular membranes of both plant seedlings and roots and leads to intensity increasing of free-radical processes. It was also shown that biological system is extremely sensitive to external effect of electromagnetic irradiation, particularly at 50.3 and 51.8 GHz frequencies, which correspond to own resonant frequencies of water molecule oscillations.

The activities of PO and P5CD enzymes of proline catabolism have been studied in different organs of trout (Parasalmo mikiss) before spawning and during spawning, as well as the effect of citruline on the activity of these enzymes again before spawning and during spawning. PO and P5CD activities have been determined according to the generated amount of glutamate. The obtained data were compared with different organs of carp fish (Cyrpinus carpio) with the activities of these enzymes up to spawn and during spawn. The studies have shown that the activities of enzymes of proline catabolism of both trout and carp fish significantly increase, and citruline has a stimulating effect on the activities of these enzymes in both organisms.

In the present work cytoplasmic and mitochondrial arginase isoforms (ARG1 and ARG2 respectively) are studied in the rat corticolimbic brain regions in amphetamine induced bipolar disorder (BD). Escalating non-neurotoxic doses of d-amphetamine sulfate (AMPH) injected to rats over 24 days induce changes in behavior mimicking BD accompanied by alterations in resident microbiota with manifestation of pathogenic bacteria. Both ARG1 and ARG2 are stimulated in the brain corticolimbic regions involved in the formation of emotions, learning and memory. Simultaneously, NO stable metabolite levels are diminished or not changed in the cytoplasm and mitochondria of the brain regions studied in AMPH-treated rats. It is suggested that arginase isoforms may contribute the NO-synthase inhibition and prevention of detrimental effects of the reactive nitrogen species overproduced in BD.

aim of this study is the investigation of one mutation carriers of MEFV gene among Armenian population. We designed and established the genetic register for proper collection of patients’ data including their ethnicity, clinical and laboratory data, as well as family cases. According to the results the frequency of FMF inheritance with only one mutation of MEFV gene among Armenian population is about 17.5% and by autosomal-recessive mode (homozygous or compound-heterozygous) is 82.5%.

The role of different environmental factors in the formation of zooplankton community in the river ecosystems of the Arpa River catchment basin was investigated. The results of the study showed that zooplankton diversity in the mentioned ecosystems was significantly affected by the river velocity, which caused not only deterioration but also improvement in the status of zooplankton diversity. It was also revealed that the main environmental factors determining the species structure of zooplankton community in the Arpa, Yeghegis and Darb rivers were oxygen saturation, total phosphorus, total suspended solids and organic matter (of terrigenous origin probably).

The evidence on the violation of chemoselectivity of aminomethylation of dimethyl- and diethylaminoethanol, which occurs under the influence of hydrogen bond was received. The same hydrogen bond occurs in the oxygen analogues of aminoethanols and β-alkoxietanols, but contrary to expectations, it is not accompanied by a change in the chemoselectivity of the reaction. We propose a rationale to explain the differences in the properties of these molecules, using charge units of the ionic character of the bond.

Chromatin research mainly focused on the core histones, whereas the role of H1.5 linker histone is poorly understood. Today CRISPR-Cas9 (clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeats associated protein 9) genome editing technology provides an opportunity to analyze functions of different genes introducing targeted loss-of function mutations. Here we demonstrate the role of histone H 1.5 in cell viability and genome integrity in HeLa and MRC5 cells using trypan blue exclusion test and single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet) assay.