Issues of Admissibility of Secret Photos, Audio Recordings and Video Recordings as Evidences in Civil Procedure

Abstract

Issues of the admissibility of some of the most problematic types of evidence – secret photos, audio and video recordings are discussed in the article presented. Currently, in practice there are numerous disputes whether photos, audio recordings or video recordings can be considered as admissible evidence if the photo, 44 audio recording or video recording was made secretly (without knowledge and consent of the individual who was photographed/recorded). To find the answer to these issues, the following questions are discussed in the article: 1) Which data is considered to be personal? 2) Can photos, audio recordings and video recordings be considered as personal data? 3) Can submission of secret photos, audio recordings and video recordings to the court as an evidence in civil cases be considered to be a violation of the right to personal data protection?