Vol. 11 No. 2 (32) (2020)

View Vol. 11 No. 2 (32) (2020)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46991/BYSU:F/2020.11.2
Published: 2020-12-24

Articles

  • Articles

    Visualization of Social Strata in Media

    Yuliana Melkumyan
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    Abstract

    Visualization of social strata in the media space. - Visual communication is gaining in importance today. The perception of the world around us is mediated by visual images. The visual image cannot be fully expressed by verbal means; it is perceived as a whole, not sequentially. To depict social strata, their detailed definition is necessary, which would make it possible, through indices, icons and symbols, to express culturally specific codes that will create specific cognitive images for the participants in communication. Due to their ideological function, visual images justify unequal power relations in society. It turns out that visualization is an integral part of the endless semiosis of stratification processes and the formation of class identity. However, any visual image is a construct and can be deconstructed. Therefore, through visualization, it is possible to deconstruct or reconstruct the system of social stratification.

    References

    Hoopes, J. (1991) Peirce on Signs: Writings on Semiotic by Charles Sanders Peirce, University of North Carolina Press

    Mead, G.H. (1934) Mind, self, and society: From the standpoint of a social behaviorist, (C. W. Morris, Ed.), Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press (4) Symbolic Interactionism

    Hall, S. (2001) Introduction in Rose G. Visual Methodologies, Sage Publications, p. 6

    Marvasti, A. (2004) Qualitative Research in Sociology, Sage Publications, p. 67 Doi: https://doi.org/10.4135/9781849209700

    Rose, G. (2001) Visual Methodologies, Sage Publications, p. 70

    Hodge, R. & Kress, G. (1988) Social Semiotics. Cambridge: Polity Press

    Fyfe, G. & Law J. (1988) Picturing Power: Visual Depiction and Social Relations, London: Routledge, pp. 1-14

    Rose, G. (2001) Visual Methodologies, Sage Publications, p. 11

    Melkumyan, Yu. (2012) The Problem of Middle Class Construction in the Modern Armenian Society, Banber Yerevani Hamalsarani: Social Sciences, Economics, YSU publishing, Yerevan, p. 8

    Berger, J. (1972) Ways of Seeing, British Broadcasting Corporation, p. 10

    Hilgartner, S. (2007) Rost i upadok social'nyh problem: kontseptsiya publichnyh aren, Hilgartner, S, Bosk, Ch.L.Sotsial'nye problemy: konstruktsionistskoe prochtenie: hrestomatiya, Kazan, Kazan', pp. 145–184.

    Sorokon, P. (1992) Chelovek. Tsivilizatsiya. Obshestvo, Moscow, Izdatel'stvo politiocheskoi literatury

    Rose, G. (2001) Visual Methodologies, Sage Publications, p. 20

    Schwartzman, S. (2002) The statistical measurement of poverty, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Expert Group of Poverty Statistics

    Sindzingre, A. (1999) Values, norms and poverty: a consultation on WDR 2000/2001 poverty and development. Washington, DC: World Bank Group

    Mckay, A & Lawson, D. (2003) Assessing the extent and nature of chronic poverty in low income countries: issues and evidence, World Development Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-750X(02)00221-8

    Belova, L.I. (2015) Konstruirovanie obraza bednosti sovremennimi SMI (sotsiologicheskii aspekt), Vestnik Chelyabinskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, No 5, (360). Filologiya. Iskusstvovedenie, 92, pp. 58–64

    Melkumyan, Y. (2017) Armenia’s ‘Middle Class’: Stability Characteristics and the Challenge of Erosion, Caucasus Analytical Digest, Middle Classes, N 95, 30, retrieved from: http://www.laender-analysen.de/cad/pdf/CaucasusAnalyticalDigest95.pdf

    Berger, J. (1972) Ways of Seeing, British Broadcasting Corporation, p. 11

  • Articles

    Sociology of Medicine: Gender Problems of the Competitiveness of Women Dentists

    Edita Margaryan
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    Abstract

    Modern medicine is developing in a society in which special attention is paid to the quality of services provided, including dental services. At the same time, there are gender stereotypes that impede the full realization of the possibilities of women dentists as professionals, which directly affects the state of this field of medicine as a whole. The study of gender imbalance and the development of measures to improve the competitiveness of female dentists in the modern labor market are relevant at all stages of the organization and provision of dental services. The article reveals gender problems and stereotypes in the dental services market through a sociological survey of practicing doctors.

    References

    Levina, V.N. (2016) lichnostnye kachestva vracha v sotrudnichestve s pacientom: uchebnoe posobie, Ijevsk, p. 60

    Batyshev, A.S. (2011) Vrach plyus Pacient: filosofiya uspeha, Batyshev A.s., Batysheva T.T., Moskow, VK, p. 521

    Kurbatov, A.V., Amlaev, K.R. & Murav'ev, K.A. (2011) Sovremennoe sostoyanie problemy neravenstva v zdarov'e: ekologicheskie, gendernye, ekonomicheskie aspekty (obzor), Nauka. Innovacii. Technologii, No 74 pp. 24-30

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    Makeeva, I.M., Svistunova, E.G., Margaryan E.G. & Porotsenko, A.S. (2017) Osobennosti trudovoi deyatel'nosti i vozmojnosti professional'nogo rosta vrachei-stomatologov s uchetom ih gendernyh razlichii, Stomatologiya, No 3, p 49 Doi։ https://doi.org/10.17116/stomat201796349-51

  • Articles

    The Eco-System, Barriers and Factors of Sustainable Growth Social Economy in Armenia

    Anna Malkhasyan
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    Abstract

    Thanks to the international donor community, in recent years, the concept of social entrepreneurship has become a factor in the regulation of socio-economic and local problems in Armenia. The article examines the main trends in the development of the social economy. In particular, the author analyzes the institutional aspects and factors of the development of social entrepreneurship. On the basis of expert assessments, recommendations have been developed for a more effective development of the ecosystem of social entrepreneurship.

    References

    UN, SDG implementation voluntary national review, 2018, https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/19586Armenia_VNR_2018.pdf

    Caucasus Barometer, The annual household survey about social economic issues and political attitudes (Georgia and Armenia), 2018, https://caucasusbarometer.org/en/cb2017/factsheet/.

    Save the Children, Youth-focused and gender-sensitive labor market research in Ar-menia, 2018, https://armenia.savethechildren.net/sites/armenia.savethechildren.net/files/library/ LMR%20Report_Eng.pdf

    World Bank, Work for a better future in Armenia: an analysis of jobs dynamics, 2019, http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/387401564380250230/pdf/Work-for-a-better-future-in-Armenia-An-analysis-of-jobs-dynamics.pdf

    Civil Society Organization Sustainability Index, For Central and Eastern Europe and Eurasia, 2019, https://www.fhi360.org/sites/default/files/media/documents/resource-csosi-2018-report-europe-eurasia.pdf

    The analysis presented in the article is based on market assessment results, conducted in April-May, 2020, in the framework of EU funded “Social entrepreneurship in Georgia and Armenia project”, implemented by Mercy Corps jointly with regional partners – the Association of Business Consulting Organisations of Georgia and Development Principles, Armenian NGO. In the article, only the desk review and qualitative survey results are presented. For more details see: http://www.developmentprinciples.org/news/17?fbclid=IwAR2-bFxO50QUyhV0gtTzm 7XtptfJOpou5VYquKZLvC11ZnRolhqIHIXsJ04

    European Commission, A map of social enterprises and their ecosystems in Europe, 2014, http://ec.europa.eu/social/main.jsp

    https://www.e-draft.am/projects/1180/about

    https://www.arlis.am/DocumentView.aspx?docID=110802

    Youth entrepreneurship in eastern partnership countries: the way forward, 2018, http://eap-csf.eu/wp-content/uploads/YOUTH_ENTREPRENEURSHIP_IN_EAP_THE_WAY_FORWARD.pdf

    https://www.facebook.com/Schoolofsocialentrepreneurs/

  • Articles

    Military Sociology in Armenia: Contemporary Development and Prospects

    Armen Khachikyan
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    Abstract

    The purpose of the article is to acquaint with the history of military sociology and the peculiarities of its development in Armenia. Military sociology, which developed in connection with the need for theoretical and applied knowledge in the military field, occupies an important place among the sociological disciplines of the middle level. It develops theoretical and methodological concepts and approaches and expands the possibilities of their use. For a better understanding of the theoretical foundations of military sociology, the scope of research and its practical significance, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the scientific environment, prerequisites and reasons for the emergence, as well as the stages of development of military sociology in the country.

    References

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    Frolov, S.S. (1994). Sociologiya. Uchebnik. Dlya vysshikh uchebnikh zavedenii. Moscow, nauka, 256

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    Caforio, G. & Nuciari, M. (2018). Handbook of the Sociology of the Military-Springer International Publishing, p. 5. Doi։ https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71602-2

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    Atanesyan, A. (2016). Hayastanum banaki ev zintsarayoghneri heghinakutyan apahovman himnakhndirnery "azg-banak" hayecakargayin modeli mshakman hamateqstum, HH PN PAHH "Haykakan banak" razmagitakan handes, 4(90), 121

    Gasparyan, Kh. & Khachikyan, A. (2019). HH PN N zoramasi social- hogebanakan khndirneri usumnasirutyun, Yerevan

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  • Articles

    Women in the Military Sphere: Some Issues of Social Adaptationilitary Sphere

    Mariam Gevorgyan
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    Abstract

    Since the 1970s, feminist movements and the recognition of gender equality as one of the basic human rights, as well as a number of other legal, socio-political changes in the armed forces have recorded significant structural changes that have provided the “weaker sex” with wider access to this area. The article deals with issues related to the dynamic processes of social integration of women in the army environment. Based on the analysis of a number of models of their involvement in the armed forces, the main factors influencing the stage-by-stage processes of such involvement in this specific area are presented.

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    Avetisyan, A.R. & Atanesyan, A.V. (2016). Kiny ev banaky: himnakhndirner, martahraverner ev hnaravorutyunner. Yerevan, 13-14

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  • Articles

    Contemporary Approaches to Sociological Reinterpretation of the Functions of Armed Forces

    Arevik Hambardzumyan
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    Abstract

    While relatively stable, the functions of the armed forces and the ways of their implementation still undergo certain changes from time to time. This creates difficulties for their theoretical and methodological interpretation, as well as the need to rethink the concepts of the army in military sociology. The late 20th and early 21st centuries are considered by military sociologists to be a key period in terms of changing social roles, mission, functions and structure of the armed forces. The article pays special attention to theoretical approaches to their rethinking in the modern army.

    References

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    Levy, Y. (2010). The essence of the “Market Army”, Public Administration review, 70(3), 378-389. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6210.2010.02152.x

    Edmunds, T. (2010). The defence dilemma in Britain, International Affairs, 86(2), 377–394. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2346.2010.00887.x

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  • Articles

    Mass Communications: From Classics to the Virtual Models

    Anrieta Karaperyan
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    Abstract

    The article is devoted to the widespread use of mass communications and their virtual models, features and limitations, as well as the comparison of virtual and classical models. To study virtual communications, it is not enough to describe the corresponding processes within the framework of classical models, as well as the communication elements included in them. In order to fully describe modern communication processes, it is proposed to supplement the classical models with such elements as feedback, perception and self-presentation of the user, as well as the virtual communication space.

    References

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    Sparso, J. (2004). On Synchronous and Asynchronous Communication Paradigms, Technical University of Denmark, 30-40

    Kumar, K. A., Natarajan, S. & Acharaya, B. (2017). Computer-mediated communication: A path-way to analyze social media communication trajectories, serials publications, 197-199

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    Lacy, S. (1989). The Westley-MacLean Model Revised: An Extension of a Conceptual Model for Communication Research, School of Journalism, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 20-24

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  • Articles

    Social Problems in Post-Divorced Single-Parent Families

    Galina Kantemirova
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    Abstract

    The article examines the influence of divorce on various factors in the life of family members. The works of foreign researchers devoted to environmental factors that affect the likelihood of divorce are analyzed. An assessment of the differences between children from complete and incomplete families is given.

    References

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    Amato, P. R. & Irving S. (2006). Historical trends in divorce in the United States (M. A. Fine, J. H. Harvey (Eds.), Handbook of divorce and relationship dissolution. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum, 41–57.

    Bramlett, M. D. (2002). Mosher, W. D., Cohabitation, marriage, divorce, and remarriage in the United States. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1037/e305022003-001

    Kreider, R. M. et al. (2002). Number, Timing, and Duration of Marriages and Divorces. US. Census Bureau

    Peterson, R.A. (1996). Re-evaluation of the economic consequences of divorce. American Sociological Review, N.61, 528–536. Doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/2096363

    Christakis, N.A. & Fowler, J.H. (2013). Social Contagion Theory: Examining Dynamic Social Networks and Human Behavior. Stat. Med, N. 32(4), 556–577. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.5408

    Ackerman, C. (1963). Affiliations: Structural Determinants of Differential Divorce Rates, American Journal of Sociology, N. 69, 13–20. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1086/223506

    Treas, J. & Giesen, D. (2000). Sexual Infidelity among Married and Cohabiting Americans, Journal of Marriage and the Family, N.62, 48–60. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2000.00048.x

    Booth, A & Edwards, J (1991). Johnson D., Social Integration and Divorce, Social Forces, N. 70, 207–224. Doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/2580069

    Waite, L. & Lillard L. (1991). Children and Marital Disruption, American Journal of Sociology, N.96 (4), 930–953. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1086/229613

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