Vol. 2 No. 3(6) (2023)

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.46991/10.46991/JOPS/2023.2.6
Published: 2023-12-30

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    Abstract

    The paradoxical factors of war and peace are transforming the models of democratization of the modern world, irreversibly changing the hierarchy of the main actors in international, regional and national security. The democratization of the external environment, although proceeding inconsistently and contradictorily, does not give anyone the opportunity to trample on civiliarchic norms and procedures or ignore human interests and rights with impunity.

    Economization, steadily leading to the formation of a single world economic space, makes national security models based on isolationism unviable, and integration into this emerging space is the only possible way to effectively protect national interests. To refuse integration means to abandon sustainable development, since such development is a key prerequisite for ensuring the resilience of national security. No society can be competitive without becoming part of the global economic space. This factor, among other things, determines the priority of geo-economic mechanisms for ensuring national security compared to geopolitical and geostrategic ones, since it is geo-economics that becomes a priority for global development.

    Digitalization, which forms a single world information and communication space, creating a global network society, gives citizens of the countries covered by it access to all material and spiritual benefits, multiplies the intellectual resource, and therefore all other resources, promoting sustainable development, achieving well-being and security of the individual and society. On the other hand, information technologies are not an absolute blessing: they create new opportunities for control and manipulation of mass consciousness in domestic politics and new effective means of interstate confrontation, and, consequently, new threats to national security.

    References

Regional Policy

  • Regional Policy

    Comparative Analysis of National Security Strategies of Armenia in the Context of Political Realism, Liberalism, and Marxism

    Vardan Atoyan, Logan Brosius, Vahram Hovyan
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    Abstract

    The article examines the characteristic features of Armenian national security strategies, actively conducting research of an interdisciplinary nature with extensive use of systems analysis. Issues of stability of the political system of Armenia in the interests of national security are considered not only from the point of view of the general theory of systems, but also using the methodological principles of synergetics. An independent section of research was the study of regional conflicts in the post-Soviet space and their impact on the state of national security of Armenia. In this context, traditional international relations theory offers tools for analyzing the previous actions of states within a broader framework and deciding on further actions.

    The present article seeks to provide simple textual comparisons and analyses of the Republic of Armenia’s National Security Strategies of 2007 and 2020. Those elements within the Strategies which have remained, changed, or been added will then be made the subject of contextual analyses with the theoretical traditions of liberalism, realism, and Marxism to draw out the Republic of Armenia’s major priorities and assess the capability of its approaches to meeting the foreign policy problems that exist. Each theory of international relations will emphasize those positions in the National Security Strategies that most accurately reflect Armenia’s past and current positions, and evaluate them in accordance with global and regional standards.

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Security Policy

  • Security Policy

    South Caucasus in the Phase of Russian-Ukrainian War: New Security Challenges and Possible Scenarios for Development

    Roman Karapetyan
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    Abstract

    The paper mainly examines the economic, political and military situation in the South Caucasus after the start of Russian-Ukrainian war. In the paper we are focused on the question of what kind of consequences does the Russian-Ukrainian war has on the countries of the South Caucasus. Relying on the analytical-forecasting approach, we also are trying to forecast what developments can be expected in this region. On this regard we especially look onto the facts from Armenia’s perspective. Of course, the discussion of the situation in Georgia and Azerbaijan was also under our great attention, because we also had set a task to compare the processes that took place in the three countries of the region.

    The modernity of the topic can be measured, first of all, by its global political significance: Russian-Ukrainian conflict continues to be on the top of world political processes. On the other hand, it is actual when studying political and economic processes in the post-Soviet territory. By and large, as a result, the South Caucasus is a part of the European and Middle Eastern security sphere, or at least has an important role in them. Therefore, the ongoing developments in this region are not local and may also affect the European, Middle Eastern and the processes also in other regions.

    Russian-Ukrainian conflict has affected on foreign policy behavior of the Southern Caucasus countries. The region is now under the turbulence zone, so we are not aware from being faced by new challenges and security issues. Since we have highly evaluated the impact of the conflict on the countries of the region, we have also tried to make certain predictions regarding possible future development scenarios, which could be as recommendations for foreign policy decision making structures of Armenia.

    References

    Ali, Toghruli 2023. “Elevating Azerbaijan-Ukraine Strategic Partnership: Mine Clearing Unveils New Dimensions.” Washington DC: Caspian Policy Center.

    Avdaliani, Emil. 2022a. Turkey’s Evolving Approach to the Black Sea and the South Caucasus Region. In: New World Order and Small Regions. Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore, 87-127. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4037-8_4.

    Avdaliani, Emil. 2022b. “Russia’s “Return” to the South Caucasus. In: New World Order and Small Regions. Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore, 191-224. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4037-8_7.

    Avdaliani, Emil. 2023a. “Carnegie EIP. Playing With Fire: Georgia’s Cautious Rapprochement with Russia.” Washington, DC: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.

    Avdaliani, Emil. 2023b. “Playing With Fire: Georgia’s Cautious Rapprochement with Russia. Carnegie EIP.” Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, July 21, 2023. Accessed 20 September 2023. https://carnegieendowment.org/politika/90246.

    Baev, Pavel K. 2023. The next surge of conflict in the South Caucasus is still preventable. L’Ifri Report, October 2023. Accessed 20 November 2023. https://www.ifri.org/sites/default/files/atoms/files/baev_conflict_south_caucasus_2023.pdf.

    Charap, Samuel, and Miranda Priebe. 2023. “Avoiding a Long War: U.S. Policy and the Trajectory of the Russia-Ukraine Conflict.” Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation. Accessed 20 September 2023. https://www.rand.org/pubs/perspectives/PEA2510-1.html.

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    Galitsky, Alex. 2022. “Foreign Policy. Azerbaijan’s Aggression Has Forced Armenia into Russia’s Arms.” October 24, 2022. Accessed 20 September 2023. https://foreignpolicy.com/2022/10/04/azerbaijan-aggression-armenia-russia-nagorno-karabakh/.

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    Kibak, Quil, Ryan Kirkpatrick, William O’Neil, and Daniel O’Neill. 2023. “Russian Malign Influence in Eastern Europe and the South Caucasus: Recommendations for U.S. Government Strategy in the Post-Ukraine Invasion Context. University of Maine.” Accessed 20 September 2023. https://spia.umaine.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2023/05/SPI-578-Final-Report-2.pdf.

    Krawatzek, Félix, Isabelle DeSisto, and George Soroka. 2023. “Russians in the South Caucasus: Political Attitudes and the war in Ukraine.” ZOIS Report 2, May 3, 2023. Accessed 20 September 2023. https://www.zois-berlin.de/en/publications/zois-report/russians-in-the-south-caucasus-political-attitudes-and-the-war-in-ukraine.

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    Lebow, Richard Ned. 2022. “International Relations Theory and the Ukrainian War.” Analyse & Kritik 44 (1): 111-135.

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    O’Byrne, David. 2022. “Eurasianet. Azerbaijan’s Russian gas deal raises uncomfortable questions for Europe.” November 22, 2022. Accessed 10 June 2023. https://eurasianet.org/azerbaijans-russian-gas-deal-raises-uncomfortable-questions-for-europe.

    Souleimanov, Emil, and Yury Fedorov. 2023. “The War in Ukraine: Risks and Opportunities For the ‘Post-Soviet South’.” Middle East Policy, August 21, 2023. Accessed September 20, 2023. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/mepo.12709.

    Toroyan, Hayk. 2023. “Circumventing Russia: Can the South Caucasus connect the West to the East?” Friedrich Naumann Faundation, March 21, 2023. Accessed September 20, 2023. https://www.freiheit.org/germany/circumventing-russia-can-south-caucasus-connect-west-east.

    Walker, Nigel. 2023. “Conflict in Ukraine: A timeline (2014 - eve of 2022 invasion).” House of Common library: Research Briefing, August 22, 2023. Accessed September 20, 2023. https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-9476/CBP-9476.pdf.

European Integration

  • European Integration

    Euronews as a Tool for the Formation of Europe’s Image

    Yuliana Melkumyan, Karine Harutyunyan
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    Abstract

    The ongoing political and economic transformations affect the image of Europe: the economic crisis, Brexit, the migration crisis, the Russian-Ukrainian war and other events are a challenge to the image of Europe. Euronews, being Europe’s leading TV channel, is used as a tool to shape Europe’s image by demonstrating European democracy, unity, identity and values.

    This article presents interpretations of the term ‘regional image’, analyzes the regional image of Europe, the role of the media and, in particular, of Euronews in shaping the regional image, and also presents the results of a content analysis of the channel’s live broadcasts and publications of the official Euronews website. The study clearly demonstrates how Euronews uses the techniques of repetition, exclusion, framing, agenda setting, and the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war to shape the image of Europe in line with the main goals of the EU.

    This article proposes the features of creating content for the regional image of Europe for the news television broadcast Euronews, scientifically argued from the perspective of communication theory, and examines the features of preparing journalistic material for broadcast.

    References

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    Boyd-Barrett, Oliver. 2017. “Ukraine, Mainstream Media and Conflict Propaganda.” Journalism Studies 18 (8): 1016-1034. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2015.1099461.

    Brighi, Elisabetta, and Serena Giusti. 2023. “Italian diplomacy and the Ukrainian crisis: the challenges (and cost) of continuity.” Contemporary Italian Politics 15 (2): 190-204. https://doi.org/10.1080/23248823.2023.2195776.

    Council of Europe. 2016. ”Regional and local broadcasting in Europe.“ European Audiovisual Observatory, Strasbourg.

    Dubova, Yulia. 2016. “Institutional Approach to Territory Marketing.” In: Business Challenges in the Changing Economic Landscape - Vol. 2. Eurasian Studies in Business and Economics, vol 2/2, edited by Mehmet Huseyin Bilgin, Hakan Danis, Ender Demir, and Ugur Can, 331-339. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22593-7_24.

    Entman, Robert M. 1991. “Framing U.S. Coverage of International News: Contrasts in Narratives of the KAL and Iran Air Incidents.” Journal of Communication 41 (4): 6-27. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1991.tb02328.x.

    Ergunova, Olga T. 2017. Territory marketing: Training manual. Ekaterinburg: Ural Federal University Publishing House [Ергунова, Ольга Т. 2017. Маркетинг территории: Учебное пособие. Екатеринбург: Изд-во Уральский федеральный университет].

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    European Commission. 2022b. “Press Statement of President Charles Michel of the European Council and President Ursula von der Leyen of the European Commission on Russia’s unprecedented and unprovoked military aggression of Ukraine.” February 24, 2022. Accessed April 20, 2023. https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/statement_22_1321.

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    Farzindar, Atefeh, and Diana Inkpen. 2018b. Semantic Analysis of Social Media Texts. In: Natural Language Processing for Social Media. Synthesis Lectures on Human Language Technologies. Springer, Cham, 41-83. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-02167-1_3.

    Gromyko, Alexey. 2022. “European Culture: Centripetal and Centrifugal Forces.” Herald of the Russian Academy of Sciences 92 (Suppl. 4): 277-284. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1019331622100082.

    Herzog, Christian, and Alise Scerbinina. 2021 ““Self-centered, self-promoting, and self-legitimizing”: CNN’s portrayal of media ownership concentration in the US.” Atlantic Journal of Communication 29 (5): 328-344. https://doi.org/10.1080/15456870.2020.1779725.

    Kaye, Barbara K., and Thomas J. Johnson. 2021. ““Newstrusting” or “newsbusting?” heuristic and systematic information processing and trust in media.” Atlantic Journal of Communication 29 (5): 312-327. https://doi.org/10.1080/15456870.2021.1869004.

    Kotler, Philip, and John A. Caslione. 2009. Chaotics: The Business of Managing and Marketing in the Age of Turbulence. New York: AMACOM.

    Kotler, Philip. 2014. Kotler on Marketing: How to Create, Win, and Dominate Markets. Free Press.

    Löffelholz, Martin, Liane Rothenberger, and David H. Weaver. 2023. Cross-Border Journalism Research and Practice: An Introduction. In: The Palgrave Handbook of Cross-Border Journalism, edited by Liane Rothenberger, Martin Löffelholz, and David H. Weaver, 1-15. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-23023-3_1.

    Machill, Marcel. 1998. “Euronews: the first European news channel as a case study for media industry development in Europe and for spectra of transnational journalism research.” Media, Culture & Society 20 (3): 427-450. https://doi.org/10.1177/016344398020003005.

    Mader, Matthias, and Harald Schoen. 2023. “No Zeitenwende (yet): Early Assessment of German Public Opinion Toward Foreign and Defense Policy After Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine.” Politische Vierteljahresschrift 64: 525-547. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11615-023-00463-5.

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    Minesashvili, Salome. 2022. European Identity and Foreign Policy in Georgia and Ukraine Since 1991. In: European Identities During Wars and Revolutions. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham, 51-83. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-96717-8_2.

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    Peiren, Shao. 2023. Scope and Significance of Geography of Media. In: New Perspectives on Geography of Media. Qizhen Humanities and Social Sciences Library. Springer, Singapore, 1-27. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-2111-9_1.

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    Starke, Christopher. 2021a. The Concept of European Identity. In: European Solidarity Under Scrutiny. Palgrave Studies in European Political Sociology. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham, 73-113. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67179-2_4.

    Starke, Christopher. 2021b. Framing European Identity. In: European Solidarity Under Scrutiny. Palgrave Studies in European Political Sociology. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham, 115-148. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67179-2_5.

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Political Journalism

Public Policy

  • Public Policy

    Decision-making: The Process Contributing to Professional Public Administration

    Katerina Altunyan
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    Abstract

    This article analysis one of the main issues of public administration theory and practice, which is helpful in government functioning and policy-making. Research study includes the discourse on how to plan and make decisions on behalf of democratic attitude. Public administration is utmost outcome, and the success or failure of the government depends on it. Theoretical debate on decision-making process, accordingly, surveys the fundamental perception on rational and incremental decision-making processes. It refers basically to the administrative institutions. Decision making is important for organizational effectiveness because of its central role in the overall process of directing and controlling. Decisions do not automatically guarantee all programmed outcomes, but denoting actions with professionalism and public support. As a valuable process it is likely to be a central element of management and leadership. Comparative study of examples of developed democratic systems shows the high responsibility of public institutes and government as key actors. Particular attention is paid there to the professionalism of government, which is a vital characteristic of any democratic public administration and virtually a policy quality. Findings of current research shows that decisions are not based solely on laws and regulations. Moreover, as the study shows, many other appropriate skills of decision-makers are important that will be seen with the close linkages with strategic governance.

    References

    Althans, Birgit. 2005. “Jane Addams’ and Mary Parker Follett’s Applied Pragmatism: Social Management and Pedagogy.” In: Pragmatism and Education, edited by Daniel Tröhler and Jürgen Oelkers, 95-115. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789087903558_008.

    Altunyan, Katerina, and Edgar Kalantaryan. 2019. “Public Management Reforms in The Republic of Armenia.” SOTIS-social technologies, research [SOTIS-sotsial'nyye tekhnologii, issledovaniya] 6 (100): 17-26.

    Altunyan, Katerina. 2021. “Public Administration in the Republic of Armenia: Reassessment After Thirty Years.” Scientific Artsakh 4 (11): 125-136. https://doi.org/10.52063/25792652-2021.4-125.

    Campitelli, Guillermo, and Fernand Gobet. 2010. “Herbert Simon’s Decision-Making Approach: Investigation of Cognitive Processes in Experts.” Review of General Psychology 14 (4): 354-364. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021256.

    Cloarec, Nicole. 2018. “Recasting the Iron Lady into flesh and blood: gender performance and politics in three Thatcher biopics.” Biography 41 (3): 630-653.

    Daft, Richard L. 2019. Organization Theory and Design. CENGAGE Learning Custom Publishing, Mason, OH.

    Drucker, Peter. 2007a. Management Challenges for the 21st Century. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780080942384.

    Drucker, Peter. 2007b. The Effective Executive. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780080549354.

    Follett, Mary P. 1998. The New State: Group Organization the Solution of Popular Government. Pennsylvania State University Press.

    Gow, James I. 2003. “Decision man: Herbert Simon in search of rationality.” Canadian Public Administration 46 (1): 120-126. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1754-7121.2003.tb01583.x.

    Héon, François, Sébastien Damart, and Lisa A. T. Nelson. 2021. “Follett, Mary Parker: Change in the Paradigm of Integration.” In: The Palgrave Handbook of Organizational Change Thinkers, edited by David B. Szabla, 595-615. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38324-4_10.

    Kalani, Ebrahim, and Ehsan Kamrani. 2017. “Study on the Effects of Work Teams on Human Resources Excellence.” Journal of Human Resource and Sustainability Studies 5: 12-20. https://doi.org/10.4236/jhrss.2017.51002.

    Kariel, Henry S. 1955. “The New Order of Mary Parker Follett.” The Western Political Quarterly 8 (3): 425-440. https://doi.org/10.2307/442898.

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    Khudaverdyan, Armen. 2008. Public sector management reforms in the Republic of Armenia. Organizational structures of management, civil service. Yerevan: Sarvard [Khudaverdyan, Armen. 2008. Hanrayin volorti karravarman barep’vokhumnery Hayastani Hanrapetut’yunum: Karravarman kazmakerpakan karruts’vatsk’ner, k’aghak’ats’iakan tsarrayut’yun: Yerevan: Sarvard].

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    Zekos, Georgios I. 2022. Cyberspace Governance and Politics. In: Political, Economic and Legal Effects of Artificial Intelligence. Contributions to Political Science. Springer, Cham, 337-382. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94736-1_8.

Book Review

  • Book Review

    Politics Between Nations. Contributions to International Relations, edited by Adebowale Akande. Springer, Cham. 2023. XXVII, 645 pp. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24896-2.

    Haykuhi Mkrtchyan, Hayarpi Drmeyan
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    Abstract

    This book comparatively analyzes global conflicts and diplomatic relations between international players, as well as the mechanisms of public diplomacy, the difficulties of peace diplomacy and hard power war. In the book, the authors pay special attention to the issues of the modern world order, relations between various geopolitical, regional and national actors in an environment of increasingly complex international relations, emerging challenges and threats. The authors pay special attention to the efforts of intergovernmental organizations, the problem of terrorism, including international terrorism, and the violation of global stability, which still remain serious challenges and threats that national states, as well as international institutions, are called upon to solve. The authors analyze various dimensions of the intensification of terrorism, military conflicts and threats to national states emanating from military blocs, and update the issues of terrorist danger and international instability. They note that this state of affairs in the world system puts on the political agenda the importance of enhanced interaction between national states with international weight, resources and capabilities. In this regard, constructive and civilized interaction of all countries in the international arena to counter terrorism and strengthen international stability is of particular relevance.

    References

    Afolabi, Taiwo. 2023. “Bringing Law as Interpretation (Through Performance Art) to the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement: A Conceptual Framework for Borderlands.” In: Politics Between Nations. Contributions to International Relations, edited by Adebowale Akande, 397-421. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24896-2_20.

    Akande, Adebowale, and Mark Goodman. 2023. “Introduction: Who Rules the World? After War Ends, Who Wins the Peace?” In: Politics Between Nations. Contributions to International Relations, edited by Adebowale Akande, 3-25. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24896-2_1.

    Akande, Adebowale, Titilola Akande, Jibola Adetoun, and Modupe Adewuyi. 2023. “Children in Times of War and World Disorder in the Twenty-First Century: The International Law and Children’s Human Rights.” In: Politics Between Nations. Contributions to International Relations, edited by Adebowale Akande, 305-335. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24896-2_16.

    Anderson, Richard D. 2023a. “The Fix: Why We Can’t Solve the World’s Problems.” In: Politics Between Nations. Contributions to International Relations, edited by Adebowale Akande, 29-50. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24896-2_2.

    Anderson, Richard D. 2023b. “Failed Assault on Ukraine: Russian Corruption and the Politics of Military Incompetence.” In: Politics Between Nations. Contributions to International Relations, edited by Adebowale Akande, 151-169. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24896-2_8.

    Anderson, Richard D. 2023c. “Why Foreign Policies Fail, and Why Political Scientists Misunderstand Policy Failure.” In: Politics Between Nations. Contributions to International Relations, edited by Adebowale Akande, 621-645. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24896-2_30.

    Brueller, Nir N., David R. King, and Rojan Robotham. 2023. “A Spin of the Wheel: Co-operation or Competition—Defense Procurement and Defense Industries in International Relations.” In: Politics Between Nations. Contributions to International Relations, edited by Adebowale Akande, 475-496. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24896-2_23.

    Chaney, Cassandra D., Natasha M. Lee-Johnson, Chelsey C. Wooten, DeShara C. Doub, and Emily C. George Tilley. 2023. ““The Hidden Figure of a Global Crime”: From Human Trafficking to Human Rights: Complexities and Pitfalls.” In: Politics Between Nations. Contributions to International Relations, edited by Adebowale Akande, 423-447. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24896-2_21.

    Cimbala, Stephen J. 2023. “Modernizing the U.S. Strategic Land-Based Missile Force: Prudent Necessity or Deterrence Distraction?” In: Politics Between Nations. Contributions to International Relations, edited by Adebowale Akande, 519-535. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24896-2_25.

    Cimbala, Stephen J., and Adam B. Lowther. 2023. “Nuclear Danger in Asia: Arms Races or Stability?” In: Politics Between Nations. Contributions to International Relations, edited by Adebowale Akande, 263-280. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24896-2_14.

    Goodman, Mark. 2023a. “The Questions of War: Taiwan and Ukraine.” In: Politics Between Nations. Contributions to International Relations, edited by Adebowale Akande, 171-191. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24896-2_9.

    Goodman, Mark. 2023b. “The End of “The Endless War”: Biden’s Botched Afghanistan Exit and the Myth of American Decline.” In: Politics Between Nations. Contributions to International Relations, edited by Adebowale Akande, 249-261. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24896-2_13.

    Goodman, Mark. 2023c. “Putin’s Russia and the Nuclear War Threat to the West: Everyone Loses, One Step Forward, Two Steps Back.” In: Politics Between Nations. Contributions to International Relations, edited by Adebowale Akande, 337-351. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24896-2_17.

    Gray, Gabrielle, and Richard Seltzer. 2023. “Public Perception of Race Relations During the Obama Era.” In: Politics Between Nations. Contributions to International Relations, edited by Adebowale Akande, 233-246. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24896-2_12.

    Jones, David A. 2023. “Trojan Horses or Still Out in the Cold? United States Foreign Relations with Poland: Road Ahead in the Wake of Russian Rockets Landing in NATO State Poland.” In: Politics Between Nations. Contributions to International Relations, edited by Adebowale Akande, 605-620. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24896-2_29.

    Lulat, Y. G. -M. 2023. “Britain’s Economic Relations with Africa in a Post-Brexit Future.” In: Politics Between Nations. Contributions to International Relations, edited by Adebowale Akande, 561-587. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24896-2_27.

    Mișcoiu, Sergiu, and Dan Petrica. 2023. “The New EU-Africa Relations’ Strategy: Soft Power or Neoliberalist Power?” In: Politics Between Nations. Contributions to International Relations, edited by Adebowale Akande, 539-560. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24896-2_26.

    Mișcoiu, Sergiu. 2023. “Romania: Between Europeanisation and De-Europeanisation.” In: Politics Between Nations. Contributions to International Relations, edited by Adebowale Akande, 589-603. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24896-2_28.

    Pinto, José Filipe, and Sérgio Vieira da Silva. 2023. “The Battle Against Global Terrorism: The Role of Private Security in the USA and in the EU.” In: Politics Between Nations. Contributions to International Relations, edited by Adebowale Akande, 371-395. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24896-2_19.

    Pinto, José Filipe. 2023a. “European Union: Politics and Policies.” In: Politics Between Nations. Contributions to International Relations, edited by Adebowale Akande, 111-129. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24896-2_6.

    Pinto, José Filipe. 2023b. “Populist Sharp Power: How the World Entered in a New Cold War.” In: Politics Between Nations. Contributions to International Relations, edited by Adebowale Akande, 193-210. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24896-2_10.

    Rendtorff, Jacob Dahl. 2023a. “Cosmopolitan Peacekeeping Through International Humanitarian Order in the Frame of Sustainability and the Global Economy.” In: Politics Between Nations. Contributions to International Relations, edited by Adebowale Akande, 73-95. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24896-2_4.

    Rendtorff, Jacob Dahl. 2023b. “Human Rights in the World Community: Issues, Challenges, and Action Proposed.” In: Politics Between Nations. Contributions to International Relations, edited by Adebowale Akande, 211-231. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24896-2_11.

    Salavrakos, Ioannis-Dionysios, Allison Palmadessa, and Ernestas Radvila. 2023. “A Global Animal Farm: Situating International Instability.” In: Politics Between Nations. Contributions to International Relations, edited by Adebowale Akande, 449-474. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24896-2_22.

    Sheikh, Naveed S. 2023. “Islam v. Islamic State: Charges, Arguments, and Evidence in the Islamic Case Against ISIS.” In: Politics Between Nations. Contributions to International Relations, edited by Adebowale Akande, 497-517. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24896-2_24.

    Stivachtis, Yannis A. 2023a. “The American Supremacy and Leadership Preeminence in NATO: A Test of the Transatlantic Alliance.” In: Politics Between Nations. Contributions to International Relations, edited by Adebowale Akande, 51-71. Springer, Cham.. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24896-2_3.

    Stivachtis, Yannis A. 2023b. “Making War and Building Peace: What Future for the United Nations and Regional Peace Operations.” In: Politics Between Nations. Contributions to International Relations, edited by Adebowale Akande, 131-147. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24896-2_7.

    Stivachtis, Yannis A. 2023c. “Addressing Disinformation and Misplaced Criticism: The Need for a More Effective EU Public Diplomacy.” In: Politics Between Nations. Contributions to International Relations, edited by Adebowale Akande, 281-303. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24896-2_15.

    Stivachtis, Yannis A. 2023d. “Human Security and Human Rights: Connecting the Global and the Local.” In: Politics Between Nations. Contributions to International Relations, edited by Adebowale Akande, 353-368. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24896-2_18.

    Tonon, Graciela H. 2023. “Making Waves: Accessing a Model of Sustainable Peace and Cooperation Through Qualitative Methodologies.” In: Politics Between Nations. Contributions to International Relations, edited by Adebowale Akande, 97-109. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24896-2_5.

  • Book Review

    Peace Pedagogies in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Theory and Practice in Formal Education, edited by Larisa Kasumagić-Kafedžić, and Sara Clarke-Habibi. Springer, Cham. 2023. XVIII, 343 pp. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26246-3.

    Khachik Abajyan , Bagrat Vardanyan
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    Abstract

    This book is dedicated to the problem of peace pedagogy in Bosnia and Herzegovina, which is becoming increasingly important throughout the world, taking into account the level of hostility, xenophobia and hate speech, as well as other potential threats and risks to humanity. The book analyzes the international development of peace pedagogies and the mechanism for their implementation in Bosnia and Herzegovina, identifying key words and formulating key questions. In this context, current issues and problems in the education system and political context of Bosnia and Herzegovina are analyzed. With the assistance of international organizations and Western countries, the educational system of Bosnia and Herzegovina advocates a more active and systematic strengthening of peace pedagogy in order to more effectively harness the potential of education as a means of reconciliation. The book examines the wide range of international and local initiatives that arose in post-war Bosnia and Herzegovina with the aim of integrating the values of peace and peace education into the education system in Bosnia and Herzegovina, through formal and informal European educational mechanisms.

    References

    Cerić, Haris, Amel Alić, and Sedin Habibović. 2023. “Evaluating Intercultural Sensitivity among High School and University Students.” In: Peace Pedagogies in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Theory and Practice in Formal Education, edited by Larisa Kasumagić-Kafedžić, and Sara Clarke-Habibi, 267-287. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26246-3_13.

    Clarke-Habibi, Sara. 2023. “Teacher Identity as a Barrier and Bridge to Peace Pedagogies.” In: Peace Pedagogies in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Theory and Practice in Formal Education, edited by Larisa Kasumagić-Kafedžić, and Sara Clarke-Habibi, 137-160. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26246-3_7.

    Dujković-Blagojević, Bojana. 2023. “Preparing Future Teachers to Educate for Democracy and Human Rights: The Western Balkans Approach.” In: Peace Pedagogies in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Theory and Practice in Formal Education, edited by Larisa Kasumagić-Kafedžić, and Sara Clarke-Habibi, 81-98. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26246-3_4.

    Emkić, Eleonora. 2023. “Approaches to Peace Education and Institutionalization of Peace Values in Formal Education in Bosnia and Herzegovina.” In: Peace Pedagogies in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Theory and Practice in Formal Education, edited by Larisa Kasumagić-Kafedžić, and Sara Clarke-Habibi, 65-77. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26246-3_3.

    Karahasanović-Avdibegović, Ida. 2023. “Drama-Based Pedagogy: Theatre for Social Change in Classroom.” In: Peace Pedagogies in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Theory and Practice in Formal Education, edited by Larisa Kasumagić-Kafedžić, and Sara Clarke-Habibi, 207-226. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26246-3_10.

    Kasumagić-Kafedžić, Larisa, and Sara Clarke-Habibi. 2023. “Peace Pedagogies: A Review of Key Theories and Approaches.” In: Peace Pedagogies in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Theory and Practice in Formal Education, edited by Larisa Kasumagić-Kafedžić, and Sara Clarke-Habibi, 3-42. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26246-3_1.

    Kasumagić-Kafedžić, Larisa, Paula M. Pickering, and Ethan Brown. 2023. “Promoting Peace and Intercultural Understanding Through Sustained Partnership: The American-Bosnian Collaboration Project.” In: Peace Pedagogies in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Theory and Practice in Formal Education, edited by Larisa Kasumagić-Kafedžić, and Sara Clarke-Habibi, 315-332. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26246-3_15.

    Kasumagić-Kafedžić, Larisa. 2023. “Integrating Critical and Intercultural Pedagogies in Teacher Education and Language Didactics.” In: Peace Pedagogies in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Theory and Practice in Formal Education, edited by Larisa Kasumagić-Kafedžić, and Sara Clarke-Habibi, 99-114. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26246-3_5.

    Ljubojević, Branka. 2023. “Teacher Reflections on Peacebuilding Through Mother Tongue Language and Literature Education.” In: Peace Pedagogies in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Theory and Practice in Formal Education, edited by Larisa Kasumagić-Kafedžić, and Sara Clarke-Habibi, 187-205. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26246-3_9.

    Mavrak, Mirjana. 2023. “Fostering Inner, Interpersonal and Intergroup Peace Through a Gestalt Psychology Approach in Adult Education.” In: Peace Pedagogies in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Theory and Practice in Formal Education, edited by Larisa Kasumagić-Kafedžić, and Sara Clarke-Habibi, 115-136. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26246-3_6.

    Millican,Juliet, and Larisa Kasumagić-Kafedžić. 2023. “Applied Learning for Peace: Experiential Pedagogies, Teacher Practice and Engagement in Higher Education.” In: Peace Pedagogies in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Theory and Practice in Formal Education, edited by Larisa Kasumagić-Kafedžić, and Sara Clarke-Habibi, 291-314. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26246-3_14.

    Pašalić-Kreso, Adila. 2023. “Education as a Victim and Accomplice of Conflict: Historical Perspectives and Possible Ways of Strengthening Peace Pedagogy in Bosnia and Herzegovina.” In: Peace Pedagogies in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Theory and Practice in Formal Education, edited by Larisa Kasumagić-Kafedžić, and Sara Clarke-Habibi, 43-63. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26246-3_2.

    Plasto, Melisa Forić, and Bojana Dujković Blagojević. 2023. “Peace in History Education of Bosnia and Herzegovina.” In: Peace Pedagogies in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Theory and Practice in Formal Education, edited by Larisa Kasumagić-Kafedžić, and Sara Clarke-Habibi, 163-185. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26246-3_8.

    Šiljak, Zilka Spahić, and Melika Šahinović. 2023. “Peace Pedagogy in Intercultural and Interreligious Learning: Insights from the ETOS Initiative and SAPERE BiH Program (2014-2020).” In: Peace Pedagogies in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Theory and Practice in Formal Education, edited by Larisa Kasumagić-Kafedžić, and Sara Clarke-Habibi, 247-265. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26246-3_12.

    Sobhani, Naghmeh. 2023. “Peace-Based Education in Early Post-War Bosnia and Herzegovina: Insights from the Education for Peace Program (2000-2013).” In: Peace Pedagogies in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Theory and Practice in Formal Education, edited by Larisa Kasumagić-Kafedžić, and Sara Clarke-Habibi, 227-245. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26246-3_11.

  • Book Review

    Karsgaard, Carrie. 2023. Instagram as Public Pedagogy: Online Activism and the Trans Mountain Pipeline. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. XVII, 277 pp. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26182-4

    Knarik Abrahamyan
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    Abstract

    This book provides a comparative analysis of the public pedagogy of Instagram in the social networking system, which today is not only one of the leading channels whose content is actively consumed by young people, but also a platform where content from various information and communication environments is posted and distributed. In this context, modern research into Instagram public pedagogy is aimed primarily at studying the phenomena of civic and social activity, communication barriers and ways to overcome them. The book provides examples of various social and humanities studies that occupy the study of public pedagogy, as well as the influence of social networks and virtual reality on behavior and perception of various events. In this book, the political science research problem lies in the formation of digital political pedagogy and the pedagogical contradiction of applying traditional theoretical approaches to the formation of public attitudes in the new environment of virtual social networks. Knowledge of the peculiarities of the formation of civil and political attitudes on Instagram and other social networks will allow us to develop effective methods for diagnosing and leveling the influence of social networks.

    References

    Karsgaard, Carrie. 2023. Introduction. In: Instagram as Public Pedagogy. Palgrave Studies in Education and the Environment. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham, 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26182-4_1.

    Karsgaard, Carrie. 2023. Resistance to the Trans Mountain Expansion in a Settler Colonial Context. In: Instagram as Public Pedagogy. Palgrave Studies in Education and the Environment. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham, 21-74. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26182-4_2.

    Karsgaard, Carrie. 2023. Social Media Learning: Public Pedagogy, Power, and Agency. In: Instagram as Public Pedagogy. Palgrave Studies in Education and the Environment. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham, 75-130. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26182-4_3.

    Karsgaard, Carrie. 2023. #stoptmx: Hashtagged Issue Public Pedagogy. In: Instagram as Public Pedagogy. Palgrave Studies in Education and the Environment. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham, 131-181. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26182-4_4.

    Karsgaard, Carrie. 2023. From Blueberry Harvesting Grounds to Urban Ports: Public Pedagogy and Place. In: Instagram as Public Pedagogy. Palgrave Studies in Education and the Environment. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham, 183-229. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26182-4_5.

    Karsgaard, Carrie. 2023. New Visions for Anti-colonial Digital Methods. In: Instagram as Public Pedagogy. Palgrave Studies in Education and the Environment. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham, 231-254 . https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26182-4_6.

    Karsgaard, Carrie. 2023. Conclusion: Public Pedagogy, Formal Education, and Anti-colonial Justice. In: Instagram as Public Pedagogy. Palgrave Studies in Education and the Environment. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham, 255-271. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26182-4_7.