Banber Erevani hamalsarani. Banasirut'yun.
| E - ISSN | : | 2738-2575 |
| P - ISSN | : | 1829-457X |
Vol. 6 No. 3(18) (2015)
Articles
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Articles
Gevorg Jahukyan’s Observations on the Origin of Armenian Modal Forms
AbstractGevorg Jahukyan has made important interpretations on the origin of Armenian modal forms. Having divided the history of Armenian language into periods, Jahukyan referred to the formations of verbal features at different stages of the historical development of Armenian as well as to their dialect manifestations. Jahukyan also examined the various viewpoints and interpretations relevant to modal and tense forms, he clarified very important facts for Armenian studies, made observations and some corrections.
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Articles
Hermeneutics as Methodology of Interpreting Works of Verbal Creativity
AbstractThe present theoretical research deals with the question of reading and understanding a work of verbal creativity – a question which has long declared itself to be one of the intricate problems of philology. The paper aims at emphasizing the methodological value of the hermeneutical approach to the study of literature which comes into being due to the presence of three basic components: imagination, language as a code between the writer and the reader, and the expected ability of the reader to share the author’s emotions and thoughts. Proceeding from the basic statements of hermeneutics and Schleiermacher’s theory of hermeneutical circle, in particular, as well as considering the results of our former investigations we come to the conclusion that understanding verbal art is a complex process which is achieved step by step. To provide a reliable mechanism for the application of the hermeneutical approach the investigator has to take the following steps: to reveal the correlation of language and speech with the help of the linguostylistic method of analysis, to understand the aesthetic value of the work built up due to the complex relationship of the linguistic elements used in the work and its poetics which is brought out by the linguopoetic method of analysis and thus come up to the metametasemiotic level of analysis which, in fact, belongs to the sphere of literary studies and helps to reveal the intention of the author and the idea of the work.
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Articles
Typology of the Grammatical Categories of Transitiveness and the Voice of the Verb
AbstractThe grammatical categories of transitiveness and the verbal voice are in essence subordinate to the category of valency. The position has been clearly presented by L. Tenier in his “Basics of Structural Syntax”. In the Armenian linguistics, beginning with M. Abeghyan, transitiveness is attributed to the verbs of the causative and active voice, the rest being considered intransitive. The rationale is the direction of the action from the subject (towards an object). In reality, however, the action may pass both from the subject to another object and from the latter to the subject (also, from the subject to itself). With such an approach to the issue, L. Tenier considers only the univalent verbs of the middle voice as intransitive. Based on this proposition, we typify transitions according to the voice of the verb. Thus, for causative and active verbs the transition is outbound, for passive verbs the transition is inbound, for the reflexive voice the transition is automotive, for the verbs in the reciprocal voice the transition
is cross-over, while, for those in the middle voice, there is a zero transition. To the active and passive types of sentences, as determined by the voice of the main verb, we hereby add two more types: causative-structured and middle-voice-structured. This is not discretionary, rather, it is necessitated by the gradual transition of structures. In the Armenian language, the causative structure, if its main causative verb is formed from the active voice, transforms into the active structure and, if its main causative verb is formed from the middle voice, transforms into the middle-voice structure. However, a transformation from the causative to the passive structure is possible only by an intermediary transformation into the active structure.References -
Articles
Semantic Peculiarities of the Superlative Degree of Adjectives Formed by Particle -գույն
AbstractThe article studies semantic and functional peculiarities of the superlative degree of adjectives formed by particle -գույն [-guyn].
The superlative degree formed by this particle semantically differs from the superlative adjectives formed by the prepositional particle ամենա- [amena-]. The adjectives with the particle -գույն are mostly used with nouns which express abstract or mental, scientific, cultural conceptions. It is also noted that a small number of superlative adjectives can be formed by this particle. The particle ամենա- is more universal.References -
Articles
The Variants of Image-Bearing Word- Combinations in Old Armenian
AbstractThe variants of image-bearing word-combinations in Old Armenian are characterized by specific models, which are divided into the following types: (lexical, սպիտակ որպէս զձիւն // սպիտակ իբրեւ զկաթն. white as snow. white as milk), grammatical (նման Աստուծոյ // որպէս զԱստուած. like the god // as a god), quantitative (քաղցր իբրև զմեղր // քաղցր քան զխորիսխ մեղու sweet as honey // sweet like a comb of honey). The ways of expressing the dominant components, the grammatical features of dependent members and the combinability of prepositions play an important role in the formation of these variants.
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Articles
The Conceptual Fundamentals of G. Jahukyan’s “Universal Theory of Language”
AbstractAcademician G. Jahukyan’s “Universal Theory of Language” (published in 1999, in Russian) is a valuable work that recapitulates the author’s general linguistic views. In contrast to structuralist theories, which consider the perception of language predominantly as a framework of form and pure relations (glossematics); and those which following Saussure’s ‘Course’ analyse the language as a self-contained whole, Jahukyan offers a substantialist conception of language. According to this conception, many linguistic expressions (e.g. metaphors) connected with the material world or human relationships would simply be incomprehensible if analysed in isolation, cut off from the material world. The celebrated scientist G. Jahukyan, on the grounds of the “universal theory of language” (UTL) developed by him, not only interprets many known principles of theoretical linguistics anew but he also offers up a number of new ideas (such as “universal patterns of language” (UPL) as a method of analysis for linguistic realities; a new scheme of linguistic structure based on invariant and variative aspects; syntagm defined as an absolutely new perception of a linguistic unit; focus on the role of syntagm among other linguistic units; distinction of linguistic levels through biplane units, etc.). G. Jahukyan’s “Universal Theory of Language” not only ranks as one of the greatest achievements of the author, but it is also an outstanding contribution to the field of theoretical linguistics in general.
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Articles
Prosodic Features of Spoken Utterances in Armenian
AbstractCertain metrical patterns attested in native Armenian spoken utterances are usually labelled as unacceptable in adult standardized speech (ira cf. ir ‘his/her’,incha? cf. inch? ‘what?’, mezi cf. mez ‘us’, etc.) or strange/unaccountable in child
language (“Harik senak mət tse” (Tigran 1.2) cf. “Hairiki seniak ʧem mətel”-’I haven’t entered daddy’s study’). Unfortunately, authentic spoken utterances have not been seriously addressed in Armenian linguistic studies, though as compared to the socalled ‘literary’ (standardized and to some extent artificial) speech, naturally spoken utterances often reveal crucial information about the structure of a language or language in general. The present analysis accounts for certain monosyllabic structures surfacing consistently as bisyllabic (C)V.C□′ by adding an obligatory nucleus constituent to the final onset - mez→me.zi ‘us’, ir→i.ra ‘his/her’. This reality suggests that the occurrence of augmented units in surface representations is directly dependent on certain phonological processes, those that secure Foot Binarity in prosodic structures to satisfy UG or/and language specific well-formedness conditions for metrical representations.References -
Articles
G. Jahukyan and the Modern Indo-European Theories
AbstractIn this article, the author has tried to represent Jahukyan’s investment in contemporary Indo-European theories. Although Jahukyan mainly represents the field of classical Indo-European studies, he has also dwelt on the problems of contemporary Indo-European studies in his works and has often suggested his own solutions. This concerns,first of all, to the so-called “nostratic theory”, on the basis of which Jahukyan has elabo rated his own approaches about the origin and development of related and non-related languages. In the same way proceeding from the modern theories of linguistic chronology he has accomplished the chronology of facts of the Armenian language and its related languages and their spatial distribution according to isoglosses. Meanwhile, Jahukyan’s approach is widespread in Indo-European studies and is used by many linguists. With the combined use of the above-mentioned principles, the linguist has also regulated the general and different development circumstances of related and nonrelated languages.
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Articles
The Structural-Syntactic Characteristics of the Legislative Text
AbstractIn the given article an attempt is made to reveal the important role of anaphora in the formation of parallel structures and paragraphs and account for the wide use of passive constructions as well as of “Noun + of + Noun” Phrases in the text of the
Constitution of the United States of America. The parallel structures which are formed with the help of anaphora, emphasize the expressed idea and the causative-consecutive connection between the sentences, thus providing the clarity, objectivity and singlemeaningness of the expressions. In the case of passive constructions, the action is viewed as more important, than the agent. It is interesting that preference is often given to the passive constructions even when the agent is indicated. The wide use of “Noun +of + Noun” Phrases is largely conditioned by the tendency to emphasize the meaning of the utterance and avoid ambiguity.References
