Vol. 16 No. 2 (22) (2020)

Advertising can be regarded as a means of persuading consumers to take action with respect to products, ideas or services. It is a complex phenomenon because it involves two interacting processes, namely, communication and persuasion, and both processes are many-faceted. When advertisers intend to make the advertisement language creative and inventive, they use language different from the linguistic norm. Being unconventional, the advertisements which adopt deviation can give the readers unexpected surprise and make a strong impression on their mind. This kind of language phenomenon is technically called linguistic deviation. Then based on some scholars’ classifications, the author classifies different deviations in advertising (deviation of phonology, graphology, lexicon, and grammar) and illustrates each deviation with some typical examples.

The subject of the present research is the subtle and intricate interconnection of human emotions, thoughts and words. As we know, human cognition is the ultimate form of reflecting the objective reality. Emotions reflect not the objective items and phenomena of the real world, but some subjective relationships in which these items exist. Thoughts and feelings in the model of the interaction of our consciousness with the world are the two means of its perception. Reflection has got two spheres: an intellectual and an affective, and the interaction of these two means that the rational and the emotional in the consciousness and thinking is manifested in the fact that man can emotionally experience what he/she reflects.

The present article is directed to explore, find out and interpret the manipulative intentions of Jeremy Corbyn in his pre-election manifesto launch speech in 2019. The aim of the present investigation lies in a careful and extensive study of manipulative techniques and tactics in the said article to be able to understand and interpret Mr. Corbyn’s hidden and covert intentions correctly and precisely. We used different linguistic methods for the analyses of the research, such as discourse analyses, linguo-stylistic, syntactic, and pragmatic methods of analysis. All these helped us to thoroughly analyse the manipulative tactics of Jeremy Corbyn in his manifesto.

Nowadays sports as a separate component of social life includes a great many varieties which enable millions of sportsmen and fans to communicate with one another. Thorough research is carried out on various aspects of sport: from the philosophy of sports to exquisite psychological observations of individual sportmen. Thus the study of the forms and the style of sports reports as well as their linguostylistic peculiarities has become an imperative. The aim of our research is to reveal the characteristic features of sports reports with reference to the vocabulary used, namely – the semantic groups most frequently occurring in sports speech.

School textbooks do not only transmit information and knowledge, but also educate and teach students certain social roles, norms, standards, behaviors, attitudes and manners. From this perspective, it becomes important to analyze those textbooks and observe what norms are standardized, what behaviors are encouraged and what stereotypes are circulated and normalized through them. The present article focuses on the analysis of gender in terms of gender roles and stereotypes in English textbooks of primary schools in Armenia.

The present article aims to investigate the historical and religious circumstances which incited King James to initiate and start the translation of the Holy Script anew though two other versions of the Bible in English were already there. The stormy period England and the English Church were going through in mid-XVI century and the succession of Prince James VI of Scotland to throne (who became King James I of England) and his unfavorable attitude towards Protestantism made him conceive the idea of the necessity of creating a new English version of the Bible which will provide appropriate influence on the Church and keep it away from Calvinist views and ideas. Through the employment of the descriptive method, the author on the other hand tries to analyse the most prominent events and activities which preconditioned the creation of the new English version of the Bible, known as the King James Bible, which has long proved to be the best translation of the Bible in English.

The author analyses possibilities of translating idioms that do not have corresponding equivalents in the target language. In addition to existing methods described in literature, he proposes translation by means of compensation within a narrow context. The substitute idiom should be chosen from the same phraseosemantic field, and thus, both semantic link to the original text and important stylistic level typical of idioms are preserved in the target text. The theory is demonstrated by examples of translation from English into Russian and vice versa.

The history of the language represents a moment of deep knowledge in the development of the political thought of the Nation. With regard to the Italian language, we must recognize observations and summaries of linguistic history produced ever since the origins of the language itself.
A short number of examples, coming from the history of the Italian language, and from the history of Italian literature, will be considered. We will consider in which way the language has been taught over time and the University statement.

During the 18^th century, life was unpleasant and disturbing due to the Horrible Plague and the Great Fire that attacked England and turned the English society upside down. There was a big gap between the rich and the poor. Violence and crimes were everywhere. However, along with all the misfortunes, 18^th century was also a period of elegance for England. Education flourished, and the novel genre developed impressively along with fine music and theatre performances.
During these times, the rich led a luxurious life, while the poor in extreme poverty hardly preserved their miserable existence. The whole atmosphere was that of contrasts between brightness and staleness, wellness and sickness, abundance and insufficiency, virtue and vice, along with charity and selfishness which, combined with other characteristic features of the English society, created a chaotic situation.
Henry Fielding’s novel, The History of the Adventures of Joseph Andrews and his Friend Mr. Abraham Adams, often called Joseph Andrews artistically mingles all these contrasts on different levels of different aspects of life, depicting the age he lived in while giving credit to the poor and the abandoned, making the good successfully triumphant and the bad miserably overwhelmed until at the end he makes his characters reach poetic justice punishing the vicious and rewarding the virtuous.
The article aims at revealing the chaotic situation of the 18^th century England through H. Fielding’s novel in question and the writer’s critical attitude to it.

The argument and objective of the present case study is to prove, through the scientific method of analysis, that the online news medium Azerbaijani Vision (en.azvision.az), applying history falsification (negationism and revisionism) referring to the 1915 Armenian Genocide in general, and to the historic figures on the number of Ottoman Armenian population before and after the Genocide in particular, leverages technology to produce and disseminate false and fabricated figures about the mentioned data of Armenian population within the frames of its anti-Armenian propaganda. My assumption will be that the false model of history serves its function for a certain while because societies eventually enter a period when distorted representations stop serving the intended ends and impartial and unbiased research starts seeking the truth.

The aim of the present article is to study some ways of verbal expression of adversary social relationships. It is a study based on the linguistic material of one online article, which shows clearly that the language resources used by the Azerbaijani propagandists manipulate the public, create an exaggeratedly negative image of Armenia as an aggressor state and impose anti-Armenian opinion on the readers. The need for a linguistic study of hate speech is quite actual since at the modern Information Age or New Media Age the confrontation between the conflicting sides is often escalated via verbal duelling, accusation and repudiation that spreads rapidly far and wide with the help of online resources. The spread of fake, misleading and falsified information that discredits the opposing side, inciting hatred and animosity against a group of people is growing dangerously. Worst of all, we cannot but admit the fact that, unfortunately, malice and antagonism are becoming part of modern civilization. The linguistic analysis carried out in the present article demonstrates how certain verbal manipulative tactical tools that are deliberately used by the author, create abusive hate speech against Armenia and its policy.