The Evolution of Legal Assistance
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46991/BYSU:C/2023.14.2.003Keywords:
Legal assistance, advocate, fair trial, public defender, advocacy, advocacy secret, principle of competition, evolutionAbstract
The article reveals the evolution of the legal foundations of legal support in the countries that gained independence in the post-Soviet era, as well as its socio-political and ideological antecedents based onthe example of Armenia. Particularly, it is shown, that in the Soviet state legal system, the positions regarding the advocacy, at least as a part of the state structure, have not been completely overcomed, but are accompanied by new excuses.
On the other hand, we discussed the problem that formation of an advocacy called to guarantee the right to a fair trial is obstacled by the so-called «state mentality».
In particular, an advocade is perceived as a litigant who defends criminals by all means, therefore a state is not obliged to «excessively» cover the needs of free legal support.
The article thoroughly discusses the prerequisites for the evolution of legal assistance/legal support, especially the factor of legal culture, clear positions are expressed relating the issues arising from the scientific and practical dimension, and for overcoming the existing problems, and a number of legislative recommendations are offered, reference was made in a form of predictions.
References
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For a comprehensive survey of rights competition issues, see Michael Sachs, Basis of the General Doctrine of Fundamental Rights in Germany. Subjective public rights in administrative law, Yerevan, Tigran Mets, 2012
This point of view is thoroughly researched by T.I. by Shakirov. International standards of independence and accountability of advocates, Shakirov T. R., Text of a scientific article on the speciality «Law», link to the article: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/mezhdunarodnye-standardty-nezavisimosti-i-podotchetnosti-advokatov
Nowak M., Commentary on the U.N. Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. Kehl: N.P.Engel Verlag, 2005. P. - 383, 384. Голованов С.С., Гарантии независимости и неприкосновенности адвокатов, Вопросы современной юриспруденции, 5(66), 2017 г., link to the asrticle ՝ https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/garantii-nezavisimosti-i-neprikosnovennosti-advokatov, Вайпан В.А., Настольная книга адвоката: постатейный комментарий к Федеральному закону об адвокатской деятельности и адвокатуре. / В.А. Вайпан // - М.: Юстицинформ, 2017 г. - С. 98. Демидова Л.А., Адвокатура в России: учебник // Л.А. Демидова, В.И. Сергеев. - М.: Юстицинформ, 2016. - 569 с. Суровова К.Ю., Организационная деятельность адвоката: понятие и содержание / К.Ю. Суровова // «Адвокатская практика», 2016, № 5
This point of view is thoroughly researched by T.I. by Shakirov: «International Standards of Independence and Accountability of Lawyers», Shakirov T. R., Text of a scientific article on the specialty «Law» Report to the aricle: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/mezhdunarodnye-standarty-nezavisimosti-i-podotchetnosti-advokatov
I addressed this question in detail in the article entitled «Current Issues of Overcoming Legal Conflicts and Legislative Gaps». «Collection of materials of the conference of the faculty of the Faculty of Law of YSU», 1(3) 2019, Ch. editor: G.S. Ghazinyan. - S.: YSU Publishing House, Yerevan - 2020
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