ASSESSMENT OF SOIL DEGRADATION IN THE ARARAT VALLEY THROUGH USING SPECTRAL INDICES

Abstract

The global changes and increased anthropogenic impact affect the soil cover and lead to the beginning of the process of soil degradation. Soil degradation is considered to be one of the most important problems for many countries in the world due to its impact on agricultural production and the environment. If appropriate measures are not taken, degradation processes will continue. There are a number of methods for studying and rehabilitating degraded soils: however, remote sensing data allows detection (which is more efficient) and mapping of degraded soils. Satellite images provide spatial and homogeneous data on soil conditions and vegetation degradation. The following spectral indices were used to assess soil degradation in the Ararat Valley based on soil reflectivity: CI – color index, FI – shape index, NDVI – vegetation indices. The process of soil degradation in the Republic of Armenia is typical for Ararat Valley, which is considered to be the main agricultural region of the country. Remote sensing methods and GIS systems were used to assess the state of Ararat Valley soils.