Ardi hogebanut'yun
P-ISSN: 2579-2504
E-ISSN: 2738-2664
Vol. 6 No. 1(12) (2023)
Articles
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Articles
FROM INFORMATION PROCESSES TO COGNITIVE
AbstractThe article is devoted to theoretical problems of the development of psychological science. A new scientific direction-cognitive psychology appeared based on the criticism of behaviorism, the development of which was facilitated by the advent of computers.
The approaches of different scientists for understanding and describing the psychological component of a person are discussed and analyzed. The importance of the less studied categories such as consciousness, unconsciousness, intuition, etc. is emphasized in the article. The ways of development of theoretical and experimental psychology are discussed from the positions of cognitive psychology, the main model of which was: perception, processing and decision making by the human brain which is connected with the development of computer technology and the programming process. Behavioral psychology was replaced by informational psychology. At the same time, the rapidly developing and practical orientation of the new approach to knowledge and study of the human psyche has faced certain limitations. The limitations mentioned in article have deeper roots. Since the establishment of psychology as a scientific field, the human being, his psychological component and activity have been considered as the main principles. Different scientists of various times discussed in detail the essence of human psyche: activity, behavior in various situations, emotional and volitional manifestations. Such an excursion made it possible in understanding the nature of the limitations for the development of psychological science and tries to discuss the ways of overcoming them. One of the solutions is considered a more systematic and deep research of psychophysiological mechanisms of human brain activity due to the development of modern opportunities.
Another way which is based on the integration of various sciences (for example, neurobiology, etc.) is a detailed study of various psychophysiological characteristics of a person. The approach makes possible to find answers to questions of such problems as consciousness, subconsciousness, intuition, creativity.
ReferencesАллахвердов В. М. Таинственная прелесть сознания. // Собр. соч., т.7. СПб. 2021
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Аллахвердов В. М., Карпинская В. Ю. Порог осознания как эмпирическая данность и как логическая неизбежность // Психологический журнал, 2021, т.42,6, 14-24.
Аллахвердов, В.М. Психология в контурах процесса познания. Ученые записки Инсти-тута психологии РАН. 2022. 2, 4(6) (дек. 2022), 83–97.
Аронсон Э. и др. Почему человек ведет себя так, а не иначе. СПб., 2008
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Найссер У., Хаймен А. (ред.) Когнитивная психология памяти. СПб., 2005
Фаликман М. В. Принцип предсказывающего кодирования в современных когнитив-ных исследованиях. Вопросы психологии. 2021. Т. 67. № 2
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Articles
ANALYSIS OF CURRENT TRENDS REVISION OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE USE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS
AbstractThis article aims to carry out an analysis of modern problems and requirements for the application of psychological assessment methods, which have been identified by scientists from various countries. The study does not pretend to be a mega-analysis, but considers contemporary articles from various scientific journals and educational books that have been published over the past five years. The presented analysis is of a comparative nature and indicates the specificity of approaches to the methods of psychological assessment and the degree of compliance with the basic requirements for their use in research and practice by psychologists from different countries.
In the process of conducting a similar study, it is necessary to take into account modern challenges of a socio-psychological nature and changes in the conditions of research, counseling and therapy. In this regard, it was assumed that the recorded transformations influenced the form and format of obtaining a psychological diagnosis, namely: the meeting of the psychologist and the client in person or in absentia; filling out the test on a paper form or through a computer; using GOOGLE online forms for tests and surveys; and collection of testing metadata.
ReferencesAdam P. Natoli, More Methods Can Result in More Knowledge: Why
Psychology Needs to Use Multi-Method Approaches. Multimethod
Assessment & Personality Lab (MAPL), The PsyPAG Quarterly. October
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334574672_More_Methods_Can
_Result_in_More_Knowledge_Why_Psychology_Needs_to_Use_Multi-
Method_Approaches
APA GUIDELINES for Psychological Assessment and Evaluation. Approved
by APA council of representatives’ march 2020/
https://www.apa.org/about/policy/guidelines-psychological-assessmentevaluation.
pdf
Avanesyan H., Coordination of scientific and applied features of projective
methods, Yerevan, YSU publishing house, 2017, 256 p. (arm.).
Avanesyan H., Harutyunyan N., Hovhannisyan S., et al Zinvori hogekan
hatkut’yunneri gnahatman yev zargats’man metodner: Yerevan, 2017, 186p
Carretero-Dios H. and Pérez C., Standards for the development and review of instrumental studies: Considerations about test selection in psychological research. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 2007, Vol. 7, Nº 3, pp. 863-882
Carrier, S. L., Wong, D., Lawrence, K., & McKay, A. (2022). Preliminary validation of a new competency tool for evaluating assessment skills in professional psychology trainees. Training and Education in Professional Psychology, 16(2), 166–172. https://doi.org/10.1037/tep0000394
Jack A. Naglieri and al. Psychological Testing on the Internet: New Problems, Old Issues. Running Head: Report of the Internet Task force. http://www.assessmentpsychology.com/psychtesting-internet.pdf
Karapetyan M․ Features Of Application Of Psychodiagnostic Methods In Studying Personal Protective Mechanisms Scientific Artsakh, № 1(8), 2021, p. «Artsakh» publ., 211-220 DOI: 10.52063/25792652-2021.1-211
Methods of Enquiry in Psychology. Chapter 2. In Introduction to Psychology. 2019. https://ncert.nic.in/textbook/pdf/kepy102.pdf
Online psychological testing APS Tests and Testing Expert Group/ р.11, https://psychology.org.au/aps/media/resource-finder/testing/online-psychological-testing.pdf
Papoyan V. R., Galstyan A. S., Sargsyan D. Y., Karapetyan M. A. Masnageti patrastman hogebanakan gnahatum. T’ester yev varzhankner/ -Yer., YSU pub., 2020, p 6.
Radhika Krishnamurthy, Giselle A. Hass, Adam P. Natoli, Bruce L. Smith, Paul A. Arbisi & Emily D. Gottfried (2022) Professional Practice Guidelines for Personality Assessment, Journal of Personality Assessment, 104:1, 1-16, DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2021.1942020
Ruggeri, K., Bojanić, L., van Bokhorst, L., Jarke, H., Mareva, S., Ojinaga-Alfageme, O., Mellor, D. T., & Norton, S. (2019). Editorial: Advancing Methods for Psychological Assessment Across Borders. Frontiers in psychology, 10, 503. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00503
Sarason, Irwin G. "Personality assessment". Encyclopedia Britannica, 1 Oct. 2019, https://www.britannica.com/science/association-test. Accessed 30 January 2023.
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Articles
DATA-DRIVEN DECISIONS IN THE MANAGEMENT PROCESS OF THE ORGANIZATION
AbstractNowadays, to maintain and develop the normal activities of the organization, as well as staff management, it is important to follow innovative developments in the fields of human resource management and information technology, as well as apply modern approaches in the process of personnel and organization management. The theoretical analysis aimed at revealing the development of People analytics as an interdisciplinary field that allows using data collected from various sources and the results of their analysis, its’ main features and the ways of application in order to improve the personnel and organizational management. People analytics is a data-driven approach to personnel and organizational management process improvement, which enables us to use data collected from various sources in the decision-making process. The article describes the origin and development of people analytics, the types of data analysis and possibilities of using personnel and data analysis in various human resources management processes, citing successful stories in several large organizations as an example. The use of people analysis tools and artificial intelligence allows not only to derive HR metrics and gain insights about the current state of the organization, but also to perform predictive analytics, understand the dynamics and direction of development, and develop a strategy to achieve the desired goal. The results of the theoretical analysis and described examples indicate the importance of using the capabilities of people analytics in the field of human resources management. It allows us to make data-driven decisions, organize the work process more effectively, identify the existing problems in the field of company’s HRM and develop strategy to overcome these issues and develop the organization.
ReferencesКарпов, А. В. Психология принятия решений в профессиональной
деятельности : учебное пособие / А. В. Карпов ; Яросл. гос. ун-т им.
П. Г. Демидова. – Ярославль : ЯрГУ, 2014. – с. 6-10.
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hetazotutyunnerum, Yerevan, 2015.
Ferrar J, Green D., Excellence in People Analytics, 2021, 340 p.
Isson J. P., Harriott J. S., People Analytics in the Era of Big Data. P. 91-92.
Jobs of the Future: Data Analysis Skills. SHRM, November 2016
Nocker M., Sena V., Big Data and Human Resources Management: The
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Vupen E. v., The basic principles of People Analytics, AIHR Academy, May 2019.
Waters S., Streets V., McFarlane L., Johnson-Murray R., The Practical
Guide to HR Analytics. P.144-145
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Articles
MEASUREMENT INVARIANCE ACROSS AGE GROUPS OF THE ARMENIAN INSTRUMENT OF CULTURAL LOGICS OF HONOR, DIGNITY AND FACE
AbstractThis article is part of ongoing studies aimed at validating the measurement model of honor, face, and dignity in the Armenian language. Psychometric equivalence of cultural logics of honor, face, and dignity across age groups was assessed.
In total, 382 participants aged 18 to 47 (Mage=24.03, SD=5.721, 68.5% were women) were included in the analysis. Two age groups (youngsters, aged 18 to 25, n=273 and adults, aged 26 to 47, n=109) were defined for measurement invariance analysis. Multiple group confirmatory analyses were conducted within four model parameters: configural, metric, scalar, and residual invariance. Full invariance was achieved for the cultural logic of face across two age groups. Partial residual invariance was established for the cultural logic of honor. The cultural logic of dignity was partially invariant based on metric and scalar levels.
These findings provide a psychometric basis for the valid comparisons of the means of cultural logics of honor, dignity and face across age groups. This enriches our understanding of the Armenian instrument's performance and makes it a useful tool for social-psychological studies examining the prevalence of these cultural logics and their associations with other variables such as moral values and self-construal. Further analysis can focus on exploring the peculiarities of the non-invariant items.
ReferencesArnett, J. J. (2004). Emerging adulthood: The winding road from the late teens through the twenties. New York: Oxford University Press, 270 p.
Aslani, S., Ramirez-Marin, J., Semnani-Azad, Z., Brett, J. M., & Tinsley, C. 2013. Dignity, face, and honor cultures: Implications for negotiation and conflict management. In M. Olekalns & W. L. Adair (Eds.), Handbook of research on negotiation: 249–282. Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing.
Brown, T. A. (2006). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research. New York, NY: The Guilford Press.
Cheung, G. W., & Rensvold, R. B. (2002). Evaluating goodness-of-fit indexes for testing measurement invariance. Structural Equation Modeling, 9(2), 233–255. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15328007SEM0902_5
Friedrichs, J. 2016. An intercultural theory of international relations: How self-worth underlies politics among nations. International Theory, 8(1): 63–96.
Grigoryan A., Khachatryan, N., Smith, P.B. (in review for IACCP 2022 Proceedings). Two dimensions of dignity and honor: From adaptation to the development of measurement in the Armenian language.
Khachatryan N., Grigoryan A. The experience of adaptation of cultural dimensions by examining Dignity, Honour and Face cultures // (Retrieved from https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=43007810&pf=1 13.02.2023).
Leung, A. K.-Y., & Cohen, D. (2011). Within- and between-culture variation: Individual differences and the cultural logics of honor, face, and dignity cultures. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100(3), 507–526. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022151
Maitner, A. T., DeCoster, J., Andersson, P. A., Eriksson, K., Sherbaji, S., Giner-Sorolla, R., … Wu, J. (2022). Perceptions of Emotional Functionality: Similarities and Differences Among Dignity, Face, and Honor Cultures. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 53(3–4), 263 288. https://doi.org/10.1177/00220221211065108]
Putnick, D. L., & Bornstein, M. H. (2016). Measurement Invariance Conventions and Reporting: The State of the Art and Future Directions for Psychological Research. Developmental review : DR, 41, 71–90.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dr.2016.06.004
Rodriguez Mosquera, P. M. R., Manstead, A. S., & Fischer, A. H. 2002. The role of honour concerns in emotional reactions to offences. Cognition & Emotion, 16(1): 143–163.
Serobyan A․, Grigoryan A., Khachatryan N․ And'i dispozicional gc'er & social-mshakowt'ayin koghmnoroshowmner. hogechap'oghakan gorc'iqneri teghaynacowm: Gitamet'odakan d'er'nark. -Er., EPH hrat., 2021, 128 e'j.
Smith, P. B., Easterbrook, M. J., Koc, Y., Lun, V. M.-C., Papastylianou, D., Grigoryan, L., … Chobthamkit, P. (2021). Is an emphasis on dignity, honor and face more an attribute of individuals or of cultural groups? Cross-Cultural Research, 55(2–3), 95–126. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069397120979571
Smith, P.B., Easterbrook, M.J., Blount, J., Koç, Y., Harb, C., Torres, C.V., … Rizwan, M.A. (2017). Culture as perceived context: An exploration of the distinction between dignity, face and honor cultures. Acta de Investigación Psicológica, 7, 2568-2576.
Yao, J., Ramirez-Marin, J.Y., Brett, J.M., Aslani, S., & Semnani-Azad, Z. (2017). A measurement model for dignity, face, and honor cultural norms. Management and Organization Review, 13, 713 - 738.
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Articles
FEATURES OF FINANCIAL BEHAVIOR IN CASH, CARDS AND APPLICATIONS
AbstractNowadays market develops new means of payment to force consumers increase their spending readiness. New means of paying (different applications and cards) decrease ‘‘pain of paying’’ and increase readiness of spending. But different means of paying are differently perceived and accepted by the consumers. This research is aimed to reveal some features of spending and financial behavior of consumers depending their preference of cash, cards and applications. Our earlier research proves that using of cash depends on the age. The older persons prefer cash. In certain payments the youngest group prefers doing payments by applications. Unemployed people are more tended to choose cash spending. Those, who generally preferred paying in cash or card, noted that utility bills are paid by app. So, if well-working and trusted system exists people choose application. Reason can be either consumers tend to focus less on the negative feeling associated with the amount paid or with absence of queues and general easiness. Now we tried to discover online consuming features and some psychological characteristics depending of preferences of different means of payment.
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Articles
ANALYSIS OF THE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY IN ARMENIA
AbstractThe work is devoted to the development history and current state of psychophysiology all over the world, and particularly in The Republic of Armenia. The work is aimed at the pointing out the development intentions of psychophysiology all over the world and in Armenia. The purpose of the analysis was also to identify the main stages in the formation of psychophysiological science in Armenia and to search for scientifically applied prospects for its development. The establishment and tendencies of psychophysiology, as a separate and independent direction in worldwide science were discussed. The development importance and necessity problems of psychophysiology in Armenia were presented in details as well. The scientific problems were presented, which are directed to be solved both worldwide and in Armenia.
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Articles
SPECIFICS OF THE TRINITARIAN PRINCIPLE IN SOME MODERN THEORIES OF PSYCHOTHERAPY (IN THE CONTEXT OF TRANSCENDENTAL PSYCHOLOGY)
AbstractThe principle of trinitarity is one of the fundamental principles of transcendental psychology, implementing the structural and functional features of this approach. Based on the analysis of the manifestations of “nothing” into “something”, an attempt was made to prove the need for the presence in the dyad of anisotropic elements of the mental process of the third component, without which it is impossible to imagine the generation of the perception process (as well as any mental process), thus supplementing the transcendental principle formation of anisotropic ratios. An important role in this triad is played by homogeneity, which includes two anisotropic sides.
When describing the structure and processes of the psyche, many theories of psychotherapy follow the trinitarian principle, in particular, behaviorism, in which the author (B. Skinner) believed that in order to understand and correct human behavior, it is enough to deal (work) only with anisotropic sides (stimulus-response), ignoring the third party between them - the side ("black box"). However, as the history of the development of psychology has shown, replacing the dual model of behavior with a trinitarian one that takes into account the content of the "black box" significantly increases the possibilities of describing, explaining and regulating human behavior. E. Bern's transactional analysis is characterized by the presence of three ego states: Parent, Child and Adult. Each ego state represents a special pattern of thinking, feeling and behavior. In analytical psychology K.G. Jung argues that the soul is made up of three separate but interacting structures: The Ego, the Personal Unconscious, and the Collective Unconscious. In psychoanalysis, Z. Freud first applied a topographic model of personality. According to this model, three levels can be distinguished in mental life: consciousness, preconscious and unconscious. In the early 1920s, Freud revised his topographical model of mental life and introduced three main structures into the anatomy of personality: It (Id), I (Ego), and Super-I (Super-Ego). The given trinitarian model of personality is an effective "working" system that regulates emotions and behavior of a person.
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Articles
THE PSYCHOLOGICAL VIEWS OF THE MEDIEVAL ARMENIAN PHILOSOPHER GRIGOR TATEVATSI
AbstractThe article analyzes the psychological views of the famous medieval Armenian theologian-philosopher Saint Grigor Tatevatsi (1346-1409). The purpose of the article is to show the attitude of the Armenian thinker regarding the human nature, the relationship between the soul and the body, the composition of the soul, its types and powers. According to the author, Tatevatsi, as a scholastic thinker, strives to synthesize the theological and philosophical propositions during the discussion of various issues, including those related to the soul. On the one hand, Tatevatsi rejects the Platonic views that identify man with his soul and the materialistic view that represents man as only a body, and on the other hand, the dualistic view that represents man as having two separate natures. Man is a unity of soul and body, and although they are different in their nature, properties and roles, they form single human nature. Although he gives priority to the soul, he believes that a person is perfect with the unity of the soul and the body and the relationship between the soul and the body should be based on the principle of justice. Tatevatsi, opposed to the extreme viewpoints (platonic, ascetic) regarding the valuation of the soul and body, which consider the body as the cause of sin and evil, defends the Aristotelian approach of the unity of the soul and the body, which means the actual recognition of the "rights" of the body and its importance role in the salvation of man.
ReferencesSee Arevshatyan С. S. Philosophical views of Grigor Tatevatsi, Yerevan, 1957(in Russian).
Zakaryan S. A., Philosophers of Tatev University, Yerevan, 2018, p. 132-237(in Armenian).
Krikorian M. K. Grigor of Tatev. A Great Scholastic Theologian and Philosopher (XIVth c.), «Haigazian Armenian review», v. 9, Beirut, 1981.
St. Grigor Tatevatsi. Summer volume of "Book of Sermons", Constantinople, 1741, (in Armenian).
St. Grigor Tatevatsi. The Book of Questions, Constantinople, 1729, (in Armenian).
St. Grigor Tatevatsi. Winter volume of "Book of Sermons", Constantinople, 1740, (in Armenian).
St. Grigor Tatevatsi, Commentary on Psalms (brief version), Yerevan, 1993, (in Armenian).
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Articles
STUDY OF PERSONAL PROFESSIONAL BURNOUT AND MOTIVATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF REMOTE PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY
AbstractThe years of the COVID-19 pandemic have changed the way we live. In this regard, many companies have switched to the remote format of work, which has put new problems and challenges in front of them. One of those challenges is ensuring professional security in IT usage. Today, the security of the professional person remains a priority for all organizations, and the use of IT, in this context, becomes more important. In the framework of the work, we referred to the psychological aspects of professional security, which have become more significant in terms of the ready implementation of IT under the conditions of the COVID-19 epidemic.
We attempted to study the motives for the deployment of activities of the subjects who were forced to change the classical model of mental activity in the pandemic and post-pandemic conditions of COVID-19, observing its effect on the formation of psychological burnout.
Accordingly, the purpose of the study is to study the influence of motivation in the implementation of professional activities on the formation of psychological burnout among teachers and IT specialists working in an online format:
To achieve the research goal, we have set and solved the following tasks․
- identify and justify possible psychological factors affecting the safety of the subject of professional activity
- to clarify the impact of the implementation of the IT solution on the security of the subject of professional activity
- to clarify the effects of motivations on the formation of psychological burnout of online educators and IT specialists
During the implementation of the research, the method of canceling the syndrome of psychological burnout was applied, developed by A.A. Rukavishnikov and K. Zamfir's "Professional Motivation Study" methodology modified by A. Reana.
The results of the study made it possible to clearly note that teachers and IT specialists, regardless of the nature of the available motives, have high rates of emotional burnout; however, IT specialists with external positive or internal motives have these indicators mildly expressed.
ReferencesMaslach С., Leiter М.P. The truth about burnout: How organization causes personal stress and what to do about it.San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, 1997. 200р.
Агузумцян Р. В., Папоян В. Р., Галстян А. С., Мурадян Е. Б., Саргсян Д. Ю., Амирян Ц. С. - Психологическая безопасность личности в профессиональной деятельности; Актуальные проблемы психологии труда, инженерной психологии и эргономики / Москва : Институт психологии РАН, 2018. – 568 с. URL: https://clck.ru/33kGtz
Бодров В.А. Психология профессиональной пригодности – М.: ПЕР СЭ, 2001 – 511 с.
Иванова Е.М. Основы психологического изучения профессиональной деятельности. – М.: 1987. – С. 76.
Куликова Е. А., Путякова А. Д. Оценка и анализ случаев травматизма на железнодорожном транспорте // Безопасность и охрана труда на железнодорожном транспорте. – 2017. – № 2. – С. 12–21.
Маркова А. К. Психология профессионализма. М., 1996.
Маслоу А. Г. Мотивация и личность. Пер. с англ. СПб.: Евразия, 1999.
Сейтешев А.П. Профессиональная направленность личности. Теория и практика воспитания. – Алма-Ата: 1990. – С. 89.
Шадриков В.Д. Проблемы системогенеза профессиональной деятельности. – М.: 1982. – С. 32 – 48.
