Ardi hogebanut'yun
P-ISSN: 2579-2504
E-ISSN: 2738-2664
Vol. 2 No. 2 (4) (2019)
Published:
2019-09-27
Articles
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Articles
PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT AT WORK IN THE CONTEX OF ARMENIA AND THE UK
AbstractEmployment relationships, and in particular psychological contract, as an individuals’ perception of mutual obligations between an employer and an employee is influenced by national culture. The purpose of this research is to understand the employment relationships and psychological contracts in financial sectors of the two countries: Armenia and the UK. As a sub-objective, the researcher is seeking to identify and contrast the terms of the psychological contract, exchange relationships between employer and employee and what aspects of work are valued by knowledge workers in both countries. The interviews were conducted with 24 participants in two organisations, one from each country (Armenia and the UK). A thematic analysis revealed some cultural differences in psychological contract in two countries. The data from this study also suggests that there are similarities in psychological contract contents and work values of knowledge workers.
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CORRECTIONAL INFLUENCE OF THE SET ON PROBABILISTIC JUDGMENT
AbstractRelevant investigations of psychical mechanisms of probabilistic thinking revealed its bounded rationality reflecting of the specific of subjective comprehension of one other problem by the people. Such cognitive activity of the people plays an important role in the assessment of multiple alternatives and serves to satisfaction their different needs. Considering the main exploratory principles of General Set’s Theory, we assume that functioning of probabilistic judgments determined by relevant set formed in the process of purposive activity of the people. Take into consideration of temporary parameter two forms of the set defined: prospective (orientation on the results of future events) and situational (orientation on results of current events). Obtained experimental data showed: prospective set, compared with situational set, made significant corrective influence on erroneous probabilistic judgments. It indicates the importance of clear cognitive fixation by the subjects of instrumental dependence between primary and secondary expected results.
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EMPATHY AND VICARIOUSNESS OF AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL MEMORIES IN THE CHINESE SAMPLE
AbstractThere is empirical evidence suggesting that autobiographical memories of similar experiences evoke empathy [1, 6]. The positive correlation between trait empathy and phenomenology of autobiographical memories was also demonstrated [9]. We assumed that not all autobiographical memories are relevant to empathic feeling. The most promising candidate for scaffolding impact onto empathy, in our point of view, is a specific type of memories – vicarious memories. 96 Chinese participants filled out an Interpersonal Reactivity Index questionnaire and drew their lifelines of the most important events from their childhood in correlation in the timeline. Lifelines were analyzed in regard to the proportion of other-focused and vicarious memories and their emotional valence. The study suggests that the significant predictor of empathy is the distinctive type of childhood memories with specific level of vicariousness. The main focus in these autobiographical memories is shifted to the other person who is active toward the participant.
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CAN YOU T.E.A.C.H. ADOLESCENTS?
AbstractThe main question underlying this study refers to how teachers may be helped to address the psychological factors associated with the well-being of their adolescent students. In the realm of professional development, the teachers are offered to review their background knowledge about the psychology of adolescents and use what research and experience have taught to support, encourage and enhance their students’ learning. The adolescent is obviously central to the equation with his/her typical characteristics of increased detachment from adults, overall emotional vulnerability, the emphasis on the peer group and the essential search for identity. The second refrain has to do with the various roles of the teacher as a person, what he/she needs to know and how he/she needs to be in order to provide his/her students with the opportunities to learn in ways that meet their various needs. Finally, the third and last chapter elaborates on what T.E.A.C.H. means: T for thought; E for empathy; A for activity; C for choice and H for harmony. It also provides a discussion about how each aspect evolves with time and integrates within the scope of research relative to the domain of teaching and psychology.
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THE INDIVIDUAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ADOLESCENTS BEING AT RISK OF INTERNET ADDICTION
AbstractThe Internet is an important part of the teenagers’ life and source of the problem. One of them is an Internet addiction. In the article authors analyze the existing approaches to the study of the Internet addiction phenomenon, types, factors and stages of Internet addiction formation, as well as the motivation of Internet-addicted behavior. In the course of empirical research authors have defined some factors, formed the basis of the study of adolescent behavior. More than half of the survivors have a moderate or high susceptibility to Internet addiction, and the dominant symptoms in these adolescents are a violation of the communications, the avoidance of problems and responsibilities, self-dependence and anonymity as a special value. According to the study authors have made recommendations on the organization of socio-psychological and social-pedagogical work in prevention of Internet addiction in adolescents.
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PSYCHOLOGICAL LEADERSHIP TRAINING OF CRISIS MANAGEMENT
AbstractThe necessity of delivering psychological bases of crisis management to leadership is substantiated and psychological recommendations for effective management of leaders have been offered. The author’s vision of the socio-psychological components of the managerial competence of a modern manager is being highlighted: it suggests the introduction into the system of training managers of various categories of psychological training as an innovative technology of forming leaders’ practical skills and capabilities of efficient personnel management. The results of an experimental study of the influence of training on the dynamics of personal and professionally significant qualities of leaders are being presented. A significant positive impact of leadership training on the personal sphere of leaders, increasing of leadership potential and the development of individual psychological qualities that are essential for a modern manager, has been established. Over time, after the training, the level of volitional, leadership qualities has been increased, such as leadership role, self-discipline, purposefulness, and the assessment of their business and personal qualities given by subordinates increases. Psychological training of leadership in the form of training contributes to the development of such necessary qualities of crisis management as stress resistance and the ability for emotional self-regulating.
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MEMORY LOSS IN AGING: WHAT’S NORMAL AND WHAT’S NOT
AbstractAlzheimer’s Care Armenia (www.alzheimerscarearmenia.org) is a nonprofit organization at the forefront of creating sustainable programs and services for people with memory loss and their families in Armenia. In this article, what is normal and not normal memory loss in aging will be discussed. People with age related memory loss have more generalized cognitive slowing and can live independently. Those with Mild Cognitive Impairment, which can progress to a dementia eventually, will need oversight and care. Providing education and information on memory loss and dementia to the community at large in Armenia is critical to raising awareness and visibility. Understanding what is normal and not normal memory loss has implications that could affect future screening, diagnosis and treatment.
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PREVENTION AS A SOCIAL DEFENSE MECHANISM
AbstractSeveral behavioral patterns aiming to prevent social status/loosing face in various social situations are discussed. Some patterns (e.g. normative conformity, self-irony) are viewed as an individual’s trials to reduce the potential dissonance that may arise among the attendees towards him/her as a result of his/her social status incompatible behavior.
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THE PROBLEM OF ADEQUACY AND APPLICABILITY OF THE SYSTEM OF PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF HUMAN CAPITAL
AbstractThe article analyzes the main approaches to the concept of human capital and the role of the psychological component in it. The use of a universal algorithm will make it possible to identify criteria for the interpretation of substantive elements and assessment of the psychological components of human capital. It was assumed that the transition from the assessment system in the management of human resources, its modification, to the psychological assessment of human capital will expand the functionality of the effective use of investments and economic resources. The results of our many years of research and practical work on the introduction of psychological diagnostic methods for selecting personnel in state and non-state organizations, educational institutions and sports teams are succinctly presented. The problem of developing a universal and adequate system of psychological assessment of human capital is of particular relevance for countries at the stage of reforming the political and economic structure.
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CATEGORICAL SPACES IN THE STATEMENTS AND SOLUTIONS OF THE PROBLEM OF CONSCIOUSNESS
AbstractSubstantial rethinking and expansion of terminological means for determining consciousness (qualia, subjectivity, access-consciousness, global workspace, etc.), as well as methodological foundations, approaches, and concepts allowed us to form a new field of interdisciplinary research in English-language sources (“Science of Consciousness»). The cultural and historical specificity of the development of scientific knowledge in various countries has led to certain differences in the terminological design of the problem of consciousness. Categories as fundamental concepts, together with interrelated concepts and terms, predetermine the formulation, approaches and conceptual solutions to the problem of consciousness. In this context, one can speak of various categorical “spaces» of the problem of consciousness. Categorical spaces of various theories of consciousness can be a tool not only for analyzing the integrity of a particular concept, but also for comparative as well as cross-cultural research.
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TRANSVITAL MEANING IN THE LATE AGE
AbstractThe article reviews the concept of a semantic trans vital of an individual in older age. The increase in human life span in all countries is not only a social but also a psychological problem. There are serious reasons to revise the established views on both age periodization, and the inner world of an old man. The system of conceptual categories of the national psychology raises the necessity to amplify the concepts of "leading activity" and "psychological growths». Trans vital meaning in the system of semantic formations of late-life personality is characterized by the search for new meanings motivating social or other activity in the final stage of life and the realization of post life continuation in certain personal achievements: leave good memories, ideas in generated tangible and intangible values, in offspring. The feeling of being wanted, being a part of a family, inner circle, a sense of self-worth to the community allows a person to adapt at this age stage. A distinctive feature of late-life individuals is awareness of the possibility of the virtual continuation of life in one or another form of micro- and macro group memory. Search for trans vital sense as going beyond the individual human life in the final stage may be a problem of the semantic integrational design of life path of man. The meaning of life is the special value for the later age of a person.
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VALUE OF RESISTANCE AND SYSTEM OF LIFE MEANINGS FOR PREVENTION OF PROFESSIONAL DEFORMATION OF TEACHERS AND PSYCHOLOGISTS
AbstractThe article analyzes the issues of strengthening the psychosomatic health of specialists of “helping” professions in order to increase the effectiveness of their professional activities. The aim this survey is to study the significance of the features of resilience and the system of vital meanings for the psychosomatic health of teachers and psychologists in order to prevent them from professional deformation. The results of a practical research indicate that there are correlations between psychosomatic complaints, the level of anxiety, the level of neurotization and psychopathy, and the level of vitality of specialists. The analysis of the subjective perception of indicators of psychosomatic health and the system of life meanings showed that teachers and psychologists have a different system of life values. For the psycho-prophylactic of professional deformation, diagnosis, medical and psychological support of the specialist’s professional activity are needed
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OCCUPATIONAL MENTALITY DEVELOPMENT FOR WORK IN HAZARDOUS CONDITIONS
AbstractOccupational mentality plays a key role in ensuring job efficiency and reliability on the human factor. The occupational mentality has a special importance for extreme work in hazardous labor conditions. Job efficiency hasn’t correlation with labor experience and age, but it reflects the mentality to work. The mentality has similarities in different extreme occupations determined by the job requirements and conditions. A comparative analysis of different age groups reflects the development of specific mentality to persons who have worked for not less than 7 years.
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LEARNING OF RATS LIVING IN THE CONDITION OF SOCIAL ISOLATION OR OVERCROWDING TO INDIVIDUAL AND JOINT INSTRUMENTAL BEHAVIOUR
AbstractSocial stress is a widespread problem in the modern world. Stress is caused by many factors, in particular, such living conditions as isolation and overcrowding. The objective of this work was to study the speed of learning in rats with different “social” postnatal ontogenesis to perform the same instrumental food-acquisition behavior alone and cooperating with conspecific. It was shown that with insulating stress, rats need more time to learn not only cooperative but also individual instrumental behavior, while in rats kept in crowded conditions, the rate of learning both types of behavior was not significantly different from that of control group.
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REASONS FOR BURNOUT AND POSSIBILITIES FOR REHABILITATION FOR
AbstractThe paper examines the main reasons for burnout among the educators who work close to the contact line (0-15 km) between the Ukrainian Army and the separatist detachments, as well as the results of the rehabilitation for the teachers. The research was carried out in three stages and relied on the individual interviews, focus group interviews, and professional stress questionnaire. The same high burnout level among the educators who work in the contact zone and those who work at the 60 km. distance from the zone of military operations was revealed. The study established considerable emotional burnout level reduction and depersonalization of teachers after the emotional burnout coping training and subsequent nine month practical classes. The significant role in burnout overcoming was played by the change of teachers' sence of social wellbeing.
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TO THE PROBLEM OF DIAGNOSTICS OF PROFESSIONAL RESPONSIBILITY OF PERSONNEL
AbstractThe problem of professional responsibility of the subjects of labor is in the conditions of instability of the modern world and business. The number of employees engaged in various fields of activity (including flexible, virtual organizations) is increasing. The analysis of the existing methods and the sub-scale of the responsibility assessment showed their limitations for use in the selection and development of workers; The article discusses the diagnostic complex, which includes a coordinate system with two variables: 1) the type of organizational culture; 2) the type of professional responsibility. Types of organizational culture at the first approximation are divided into structural and hierarchical (supporting the objective position of the employee, performing discipline) and subject-resource (focused on the subject position of the employee and the ability to creatively solve professional tasks). Professional responsibility is considered systematically and includes the personal (objective, executive or subject managerial position of the employee), cultural (pursuit of individual goals in the organization or team), active (problem solving "here and now" or considering strategic probabilities) components.
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NARRATIVE IDENTITY OF A GIFTED CHILD OF A YOUNGER AGE
AbstractGifted children, along with their exceptional abilities, have a number of characteristics that distinguish them from normally developing children. The purpose of the study is to identify the characteristics of the narrative identity of intellectually gifted children. The participants of the study have been 50 children age 7 - 8. To analyze the content 10 categories are used: analytical categories of T. Kuhn, L. Vygotsky, P. Blonsky, R. Burns, R. Nisbett. Gifted children tend to compare themselves to other people and emphasize their own uniqueness. The narrative identity of gifted children is more complex, differentiated by self-esteem. Self-esteem of a gifted child is being developed in comparison with adults, "ideal" people. As a result a child begins to doubt him/herself. Comparative analysis of quantitative and qualitative indicators of narrative texts allowed to consider giftedness as a significant factor that influence self-perception and formation of the narrative identity of a child.
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DYNAMICS OF ATTENTION DISTRIBUTION DURING UNILATERAL RADIOTHERAPY
AbstractThe immediate consequences of radiotherapy for extracerebral tumors adjacent to hippocampus from the basal surface of the brain were studied. Normal brain structures including hippocampus are affected by therapeutic irradiation with this kind of treatment. The participants of the investigation were 23 patients with meningiomas of chiasm-sellar region (12 – with left-sided tumors and 11 – with right-sided). The patients were tested two times: before radiotherapy and immediately after the last fraction of irradiation. The control group included 40 healthy volunteers, who also were tested two times. The data obtained indicates the effect of redistribution of visual attention after irradiation of the right hemisphere. We hypothesize the greater sensitivity of the right hemisphere to irradiation.
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FACTORS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL PREPAREDNESS TO FINANCIAL INDEPENDENCE IN THE STUDENTS
AbstractThe paper describes the indicators of psychological readiness of students for financial independence: the ability to plan expenses, the ability independently solve their financial problems, to choose the optimal strategies of economic behavior to maintain financial stability. All of them connected with the preparedness of young people to gain financial independence, regardless of any circumstances. The life position of the respondents was a system-forming factor of psychological readiness for financial independence. It’s based on the importance of value orientations associated with the professional self-realization of students, their internal locus of control.
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IMPLICIT AND EXPLICIT ASSESSMENT OF ATTITUDE TO HEALTH
AbstractTo study the characteristics implicit and explicit attitude to health, 101 respondents were examined, with an average age of 24 years and work experience of about 3 years. The following were measured: implicit assessment of attitude to health (computer technique "Mental map of health"), explicit assessment of attitude to health (method "Type of attitude to disease"), health status (The world health organization quality of life WHOQOL -brief). Respondents who have a positive implicit assessment of attitudes to health and disease are characterized by higher health indicators. Respondents who have a negative implicit assessment of the relationship to health and disease are characterized by a disturbing attitude to health. Respondents with different implicit health assessments have different health conditions and differences in explicit health assessments.
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THE MARKERS OF SUICIDAL RISK OF ADULTS’ SELF-HARM BEHAVIOR: THE RESULTS OF ANONYMOUS RESEARCH, WHICH HAD BEEN CARRIED OUT WITH USING THE GOOGLE-FORMS
AbstractSelf-harm is widespread around the world. Often self-harm is accompanied by suicide behavior. All of these make urgent researching of the markers of a suicidal risk of adults’ self-harm behavior. Materials of this study include the data provided by 128 respondents (109 women, 19 men, age from 18 to 49). There is online anonymous survey using google-form. The questions about self-harm behavior and psychopathological symptoms had been asked. Non-parametric Mann-Witney test and Spearmen’s coefficient of correlation were used to statistical analysis of the data. There were identified the markers of a suicidal risk of adults’ self-harm behavior, which include: demonstrative behavior with public self-harm, difficulties with the emotionally closer relationships building, increase in frequency of use of the word “blood”
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PSYCHOLOGICAL CAPITAL ОF PROJECT MANAGER
AbstractThis article analyzes the possibility of using approaches and theoretical models developed in modern positive psychology to study the psychological capital of project managers. The analysis of modern research has shown the applicability of the approach to the study of prosperity and the five-factor model "PERMA", proposed by M. Seligman, to the study of the psychological capital of project managers. The means used by successful project managers to form positive relationships in the group, involvement, positive emotions are analyzed. The article discusses the possibility of applying the findings in the preparation of project managers in the conditions of widespread project methods in modern Russian higher education.
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D. UZNADZE`S THEORY AS A CONCEPTION OF PERSONALITY
AbstractGeneral psychological theory by D.N. Uznadze installation addresses the fundamental methodological problems, covering major categories of psychology, consciousness, unconscious, behavior, personality. The theory is relevant for all kinds of activities on any level of philogenesis, ontogenesis and actualgenesis and aims to study universal mechanism determining behavior. It also presents the whole system of viewpoints concerning specific human activity, i.e. it implies the theory of personality by referring to such issues as structure of personality, motivation, personal development, psychopathology, mental health and changing personality via psychocorrective (psychotherapeutic) influence. The latter has not been sufficiently worked out and presents the vector of further development of the conception.
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CONTRIBUTION OF GENDER PSYCHOLOGY TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MODERN EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM
AbstractThis paper presents the theoretical and practical implications of the development of special online training course “Current problems of gender psychology in education”. The course meets the challenges, which orient teachers to modern communicate, free from gender stereotypes, to create conditions for the realization of the needs and interests of all pupils, regardless of gender. The course offers a study of new topics, considering the latest scientific developments in the field of gender psychology, which are of particular importance to education. The specificity of gender socialization in various educational institutions; gender stereotypes of teachers about the educational and professional preferences of children and youngsters of both sexes; peculiarities of teachers' attitude towards gender-non-conformal children; gender problems in homogeneous groups; development of gender competence of teachers are considered.
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THE STIGMATIZATION OF THE MENTALLY ILL IN THE MEDIA: A STUDY FOR 2014-2018 WAS
AbstractThe article is devoted to the problem of stigmatization of the mentally ill through the information provided by the media. The analysis of 1557 sources in the Federal media for the period from 2014-2018. The method of thematic content analysis was used to determine the nature and dynamics of publications for the period. That will allow to approach the issue of coverage of the problem of mental illness in the media more ethically and will lead to a policy of destigmatization of this category of citizens. This article will be useful for application in various fields: psychology, journalism, social work.
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PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT IN THE TRANSFORMATION OF COMPETENCES
AbstractThe problem of transformation of personnel competencies caused by the automation effect is considered. Given the list of professions of the digital economy, referred to in various sources. Analyzed the competence of workers who will be in demand in the world economy in the coming years. Psychological aspects of personnel management in the periods of transformation of the companies connected with automation of both production, and business processes are investigated. It is shown that the acquisition of new competencies by employees within the organization depends primarily on the personal qualities of the staff, the severity of the degree of innovative behavior, and often their formation does not keep pace with the pace of reform of the organization. Measures are proposed to reduce the time of adaptation of employees to new working conditions in the digital world.
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RESOLUTION AND MANAGEMENT OF CONFLICTS IN THE CULTURES OF RUSSIA AND CHINA
AbstractThe growing tension in the modern world obliges modern psychology to find ways to manage conflicts in such a way that the conflict itself is a controlled process, the outcome of which should be constructive, leading to the removal of contradictions and tensions in society. The article reveals the specifics of conflict management and the degree of influence of third parties in the conflict in the cultures of Russia and China. The roles of third parties in conflict management in different cultures are defined. The article considers culture as a system forming the consciousness of the individual, manifested in myths and legends of peoples.
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THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE COMPETITIVE ANXIETY APPEREANCE AMONG THE PENTATHLON’ ATHLETES 14-19 YEARS
AbstractThis paper presents the interrelation of anxiety in pentathlon’s athletes different ages with the success of competitive activity/ Studies of anxiety have shown that among the components of success, and among the reasons for the failure in sports competition, a certain percentage belongs to the mental state, namely, the anxiety of the athlete before and during the competition. The problem is especially relevant for pentathlon athletes of adolescence and youth age, because in these periods negative emotions are experienced most vividly in the situation presenting to others, of self-disclosure. This is explained, on the one hand, the fact that these athletes tend excessively to critically assess themselves, but at the same time self-centered. All this determines the importance of the competitive anxiety study of young pentathlon athletes among the components of their psychological preparation.
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THE ROLE OF PARENTS IN CONSPICUOUS CONSUMPTION OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN
AbstractConspicuous consumption in childhood has distinctive features. It performs compensatory functions. Disharmonious parenting style of education provokes difficulties in communication in children. Children have not the necessary communicative skills to communicate adequately with their peers. They use conspicuous consumption as base of interaction.
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CHARACTERISTIC OF EMOTIONAL STATES OF THE ADULTS IN A SITUATION OF PROLONGED ABSENCE OF A ROMANTIC RELATIONSHIP
AbstractThe article presents the results of a study devoted to qualitative and quantitative study of emotional States of men and women at the stage of early adulthood in the situation of long-term absence of romantic relationships. The connections of alarming, subdepressive States, experiences of loneliness of such subjects with their personal characteristics, meanings of creation of romantic relations in the long term are described. The specificity of the image of future romantic relationships and the image of a romantic partner is considered as a factor determining the subject's own activity in creating romantic relationships. Characterological features of the subjects most strongly experiencing depression, rejection, loneliness are described. On the basis of qualitative research (interview) the meanings of romantic relationships between adult men and women with different characterological characteristics, with different subjective perception of the long absence of romantic relationships in the dichotomy "loneliness/freedom", with different degrees of need for intimacy are analyzed.
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USING THE METHOD OF CINQUAIN IN THE STUDY OF ATTITUDES TO PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES
AbstractThe article reveals some regularities of the formation of individual attitude to a person with disabilities in the development of the value concept of inclusion. This research is aimed to studying and changing the personal attitudes of "normal" people towards people with disabilities. The technique of "Cinquain" as a psycho-diagnostic tool is described. The study involved 200 people from 6 to 60 years. The results prove that "Cinquain" can be used as a projective technique that helps to identify the main psychological problems associated with the perception of disability. It is necessary to change stereotypes about people with disabilities from an early age. After all, it is much more difficult to change the consciousness of adults than to instill in the younger generation a tolerant, positive attitude to the disabled in a timely manner. Writing cinquain requires a person to implement almost all of his personal abilities (intellectual, creative, social, communicative). Chinquapin allows you to harmoniously combine the elements of the main educational systems: information, activity, personality-oriented and promotes the search and finding of internal resources.
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PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF DEVELOPMENT OF CREATIVITY OF PERSONALITY
AbstractThe article discusses the issue of development of personality’s creativity with the help of special techniques. The use of which techniques in combination with personal qualities contributes to the development of creativity. We are analyzing the results of the study of personal qualities, creativity of undergraduates before and after the developing program. Technology development and creativity exercises gave the opportunity to go beyond the boundaries of the usual habitual, see new features, to experiment. Undergraduates have developed the flexibility of thinking, ease of association, ease of generating ideas, ability to use language creatively, elaborated tendency to problems of divergence type. The development program contributed to the development of criteria for creativity, such development was promoted by such personal qualities as courage, radicalism.
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EMOTIONAL STATE OF JUNIOR SCHOOLCHILDREN WITH DIFFERENT ATTACHMENT STYLES DURING ADAPTATION PERIOD
AbstractThis article deals with studies of emotional state of junior schoolchildren with different attachment style to caregiver in the period of adaptation to the first grade. The studies showed that children with various attachment styles show different emotional state: emotional inversion in cognitive sphere is significantly more common among children with insecure attachment style thаn with secure attachment style. The significant correlation was traced between parameter of security in attachment and background emotional performance of junior schoolchildren during adaptation to the first grade. The repeated observation of longitudinal study, the tests showed that emotional state of children with low parameter of attachment style’s security was improved while the emotional state of children with high parameter got worse.
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CORRECTION OF PSYCHOLOGICAL SET AS A RESPONSE TO STRESS
AbstractThe study is based on the following assumption: Any integrated state of the subject (psychological set) involves a program for system modification and is formed as a response to the perception of this or that object /event. Replacement of the stress program with the placidity and self-confidence program is theoretically and practically important. Examination of emotions, training related experience and the theory of set imply that to correct set as a response to stressful experience it is advisable to use not only relaxation, but also the predisposition toward fight and self-confidence as well as focusing one’s attention on the relevant parts of the body, particularly the spine.
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WAYS OF ARMENIAN AND RUSSIAN TEENAGERS TO OVERCOME INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATIVE DIFFICULTIES
AbstractThe article presents the results of the study of communicative difficulties experienced by Armenian (n = 50; M = 13.9) and Russians (n = 50; M = 14.1) adolescents aged 13–15 years in situations of intercultural communication. The sociocultural differences of communicative difficulties and ways to overcome them are revealed. Constructive ways of overcoming communicative difficulties (finding a solution to a problem, social support, changing activities, correcting one’s own mistakes, positive reappraisal) and non-constructive (manipulation, aggression, bullying, cyberbulling, false self-destructive behavior) are described. The resources that help Armenian and Russian adolescents overcome difficulties arising in intercultural dialogue are characterized.
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STUDYING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CONGENITAL AND DISABLING DISEASES AND COPING STRATEGIES
AbstractThe article analyzes the coping strategies of the behavior of people with acquired and congenital disabilities. A study of the phenomenology of coping behavior in adults with congenital and acquired disabling diseases showed the specifics of the choice of coping strategies, due to the perception of the disorder, the duration of the disorder, as well as personal (dispositional) and social factors. We can note that close relationships (social factor) can be a resource for coping with difficult life situations, including the disease. Significant differences in coping strategies in people with congenital and acquired diseases were revealed. The main differences in indicators in people with acquired and congenital disabilities are manifested in the rethinking of the situation and its productive solution.
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THE PROTECTION OF 2 - 10 YEARS OLD CHILDREN’s EGO BOUNDERS
AbstractProtection of boundaries of Self is a system of actions aimed at preserving physical and psychological well-being. In psychological science there is no consensus on the role of sibling status in the development of a child’s personality. We assume that the protection of the boundaries of Self in only, first-born and second-born children will be qualitatively different. The study was of a qualitative nature, the main methods were an included observation and simulation of situations. It has been shown that only and second-born children in the family have the most adaptive boundaries, with a well-built system of protection of their own psychological space with a focus on personal attitude to the social situation. Firstborns protect their boundaries, based on social norms or opinions of an adult.
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THE SYSTEM MODEL OF THE PROFESSIONAL SUCCESS FACTORS OF THE ATHLETES IN HIGH PERFORMANCE SPORT
AbstractIn this article, the authors present a theoretical substantiation of the system model of the professional success factors of the athletes in high performance sport, as well as its empirical confirmation. The model is a system of factors of professional success of athletes, reflecting in its essence not only a compressed model of professionalization, but also a compressed model of life in general. The development of an athlete in high performance sport, is seen in the determination of past, present and future; where the past is in the form of conditions, causality (motives for choosing a sports career), the present is characterized by functional dependence (connection of life-sense orientations and individual-typological features, sports injury and the influence of these factors on professional success), the future is in the form of goals, the beginnings of the future (planned duration of competitive activity, professional and life plans).
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INFLUENCE OF INTERHEMISPHERIC ASYMMETRY OF THE BRAIN ON STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OF AGGRESSION IN ADOLESCENTS
AbstractInterhemispheric interactions with various manifestations of aggression were investigated. Reliable interconnections of the left frontal and behavioral components of aggression, in particular verbal and physical aggression, are shown, which allows us to consider the optimal level of aggression as a necessary quality of personality development, and not as a negative emotion. It was also revealed that indirect indicators of the degree of dominance of the right temporal cortex are closely related to the hostility factor, which is a cognitive indicator of aggression.
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CONNECTION OF INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS AND VALUE ORIENTATIONS OF ADOLESCENTS IN A SEMI-CLOSED EDUCATIONAL GROUP
AbstractThe article is devoted to the problem of determination interpersonal relations of adolescents in semi-closed study group. The paper highlights the signs of a semi-closed study group, describes the specifics of students' activity in such a group. The results of the pilot study are given. His goal was to identify the relationship between value orientations and interpersonal relations of adolescents studying in a semi-closed study group. Two groups of students from the cadet corps (semi-closed study groups) took part in the work. The results of the relationship of the respondents' value orientations and their orientation in interpersonal relations with peers are presented. It is shown that the orientation of adolescents to restraint, self-control (volitional, emotional) in relations with peers, distinguishing them from peers from general education schools (open groups) is due to the system of value orientations formed by the current period of development.
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MAINTENANCE OF TARGET REFERENCE POINTS OF PROFESSIONAL SELF- DETERMINATION OF TEACHERS AS FACTOR OF PROFESSIONAL LONGEVITY
AbstractThe aim of the study is to highlight the value-sense factors that determine the continuation of teachers who have reached retirement age and professional activity. Analysis of the problem of professional longevity in socionomic professions shows the importance of a meaningful attitude of the employee to his profession in terms of professional longevity. An empirical study of teachers in the Volgograd region showed that respondents with more than 30 years of experience found such characteristics of the value-meaning sphere - a higher sense of life, preference for values self-realization as opposed to materialistic, low level of emotional burnout, high level of personal self- efficiency and a number of other, including, style features of pedagogical activity. The system of guidelines of professional self-determination of long-term teachers is revealed: the content of the teacher's work, the nature of relations in the production team, the assessment of their level of professionalism, as well as plans related to continuing the teaching. For teachers who do not plan their stay in the profession, the main targets are the financial situation, personal status and negative aspects of the current situation in the educational organization.
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Articles
СONSCIOUS SELF-REGULATION AND SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING IN EARLY ADOLESCENCE: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY
AbstractThe article presents research results on the relationship between conscious self- regulation of the learning activities and subjective well-being of the younger adolescents in the school environment. Diagnostics included assessment of the regulatory processes and intrapersonal-regulatory features (“Self-regulation of the Learning Activity Questionnaire”, Morosanova, 2015) and certain aspects of the students’ life satisfaction (“Multidimensional Children's Life Satisfaction Scale”, Sytchev et al., 2018). The sample consisted of the 4-6 graders of the Russian schools (N=515). According to regression analysis results, the General level of self-regulation and particular individual regulatory characteristics turned to be significant predictors of the students’ subjective well-being. Their specificity is described for the students of 4, 5, 6 grades. Cross-longitudinal analysis allowed to establish that conscious self-regulation of the learning activity is a significant predictor of the subjective well-being stability during the students’ transition from the primary to the middle school, so it serves as a reliable predictor of the schoolchildren’ well-being in subsequent ages.
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Articles
COGNITIVE ADAPTATION OF A SUBJECT TO SITUATIONS OF CHANGE IN DIFFERENT SPHERES OF LIFE
AbstractThis article presents the results of a pilot study of cognitive adaptation of the subject to situations of life changes. In the pilot study, only some results are presented, the main idea of a large-scale study will be revealed later. The aim of this study is to study the situations of change and stress of change in different spheres of life. The aim of the main study is to study the process of cognitive adaptation of the subject to these changes. Special attention is paid to the role of cognitive distortions and irrational attitudes in the process of cognitive adaptation.
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Articles
FEATURES OF SOCIAL PERCEPTION IN CHILDREN OF PRESCHOOL AGE
AbstractThe article discusses the development of the emotional and cognitive component of the social adult's image, the peer image and the perception features of the problematic situations of communication in the interaction space with peers in children 5-7 years old. From the article it is shown that the development of the emotional component is ahead of the development of the cognitive component of the social image. At the same time, the content and structure of the image of a social adult person and the image of a peer have both similarities and differences. Features of the image of an adult, peer and features of perception and problem solving reflect the basic patterns of children's communication development. The relationship was found between the level of popularity in the peer group and the level of social perception in older children. The influence of social context on the development of social perception in children 5-7 years old is shown. The article identifies the problem of developing technologies that accompany the social development of preschoolers.
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Articles
ETHNO-CULTURAL SPECIFICITY OF THE SUBJECTIVE COMPLEXITY OF THE LIE MANIFESTATION
AbstractThe ethno-cultural factor influence on the person’s behavior involves many aspects, including the lie attitude, particularly the lightness of lie. Lying is a complex psychological act that requires cognitive effort and the overcoming of value and moral barriers. The results of this investigation indicate general tends of lie using complexity inherent in the certain ethnic groups’ representatives.
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Articles
STUDENT'S IMAGE AND SEX
AbstractResearch approaches the topic of the ratios women/men through the representations, which the students have of their persons. Methodology proposes initially to 7 male students and 7 female students to inform a blazon starting from six instructions in Avignon Université France. This method will allow a true analysis of Oneself. After inviting the student to an individual and personal reflection (simple autoconfrontation), cross exchanges in autoconfrontations will be led. This research will make it possible to understand : how and why variations can be raised in the reception of the representations of the image of the student as a person according to the gender in France? Starting from the various speeches given by the students and raised by the researchers, a work of both analysis and synthesis will make it possible to consider several levels of variations.
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Articles
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PSYCHOLOGICAL ENTITLEMENT AND PERSONALITY CHARACTERISTICS
AbstractThe article discusses conditional relationship between psychological entitlement and personality characteristics. We have considered the Big five personality traits; “Dark Triad”, personal self-esteem, relational self-esteem and collective self-esteem as personality characteristics. As a result of the analysis, it has been found out that personal self-esteem has the most predictive value for psychological entitlement, followed by the Narcissism, Machiavellianism, Openness and Neuroticism.
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Articles
PSYCO-ONCOLOGY AS A BRANCH OF THE PSYCOLOGICAL STUDIES
AbstractPsycho-Oncology is an interdisciplinary researching and clinical science within the range of Oncology, Psychology and Sociology. It emerged and developed as an oncological separate section, but in recent years it has been developing very fast as a separate scientific field. Psycho-Oncology ensures the cancer patients and their relatives’ psychological welfare and protects patient’s life quality. The aim of this article is to study Psycho-Oncology as a multidisciplinary field, reveal the psychological impulse of the different cancer treatments.
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Articles
PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF MIMIC HUMAN REACTIONS USING SPECIALIZED SOFTWARE
AbstractRecently the technologies of diagnosing the mental state of a person according to his behavior recorded on video have become more and more in demand in the work of operational - investigative and forensic practice. Non-verbal activity of a person is determined by many factors: along with factors of external stimulus, culture and general specificity of non-verbal activity, psychological traits play an important role, including individual-typological personality particularities that must be taken into account in order to increase the reliability of conclusions in the analysis of observed behavior. There are various approaches to the interpretation of nonverbal behavior while a person is lying: 1) an emotional approach; 2) an approach based on the complexity of the content; 3) a behavioral control approach. To solve the problems of increasing the accuracy of psychological analysis of people's behavior in legally relevant situations, it is important to analyze not just the emotional reaction, but its correlation with the subjectively significant cognitive load of incentives (questions).
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Articles
“THE FEATURES OF PERCEPTION AND ANALYSING OF INFORMATION AS A REGULATORS OF PERSON’S BEHAVIOR IN SOCIAL NETWORKS”
AbstractIn developing digital world the role of information flows are important for human existence. Human behavior and cognitive features are being adapted to the new environment of information, especially on social networks such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter etc.... The main purpose of the research is to discover the significant connections between the styles of thinking and information processing and the behavior in the social networks. Main target of the research are young Armenian representatives of age 18 to 30. For the study we applied the questionnaire that discovered the behavior in social networks such as Facebook, Instagram and Twitter; Harrison A.F., Brainson R.M. “Thinking styles” questionnaire. The outcome of the research shows that information selection and concentrating on the certain content is due to a certain style of thinking and information processing.
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Articles
PSYCHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION OF SELF-REALIZATION AMONG DEPRIVED PEOPLE
AbstractThe article is dedicated to the psychological description of self-realization among deprived people. It was observed the problem of self-realization and deprivation, what is 349 deprivation, who are deprived people, and what specifications are there in the process of self-realization. The article discusses the differences between the consequences among different people, making it obvious- that even though different people having the same situation of deprivation will have different psychological images depending on their self-schemas- there are some phenomena that are very typical for deprived people. It is assumed, that deprivation causes some negative changes in person’s psyche; especially the deprivation that person had during childhood will influence on the process of self-realization in adult life, by preventing its forming.
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Articles
RESEARCH ON INVOLVEMENT EXTRAVERT AND INTROVERT TYPES IN SOCIAL NETWORKS
AbstractThe article discusses the current active role of social networks, as well as the general orientation types, extraversion and introversion peculiarities. The results of the pilot survey, the relationship between the involvement of the individual in social networks and extrovert, introvert users summarized.
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Articles
TOPICALITY OF ETHNOPSYCHOLOGICAL PREREQUISITES IN BEHAVIORAL ECONOMICS MODELS, IN A MONO-ETHNIC CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT
AbstractThe purpose of this article is to analyze the known approaches of the economic ethno psychology, which will allow us to identify the features of economic behavior in monoethnic environment such as Armenia. In different countries, the issues of economic ethno psychology have different nuances, which are related to demographic, socio-political, cultural and national factors (scale, size, movement and density of population, average life expectancy, economic well-being, social stratification, mono or poly-national features, traditions, rituals, etc.). Thus, the chosen problem cannot be solved in the scope of the one specific scientific sphere; therefore, we will rely on the theoretical and empirical methods of psychology and at the same time use the scientific concepts of philosophy, sociology, culturology and economics.
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Articles
MODERN SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF MEDIATOR’S ACTIVITY IN LEGAL CIVIL RELATIONS
AbstractRaising legal awareness in modern society will undoubtedly contribute to improving the quality of human life. However, at the same time, in interpersonal and intergroup relationships there is an increase in the number of household, family, administrative, constitutional and legal other types of dispute. Therefore, there is a need to find new mechanisms and opportunities for civil litigation, including mediation, which is widely used in the developed countries of Europe and America. In Armenia, mediation is at an early stage of its development, and this circumstance makes it necessary to undertake scientific research and a comprehensive analysis of the process of mediation. The purpose of this study is to analyze the socio-psychological characteristics of the activities of the mediator and the search for adequate means of professional psychological mediation schemes.
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Articles
EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AS THE MOST SIGNIFICANT FACTOR TO DETECT AND MANAGE EMOTIONS
AbstractIn this article the emotional intelligence is considered as the most important factor in understanding and detecting not only our own, but also others’ emotions. High level of emotional intelligence helps to establish interpersonal relationship, regulate behavior and avoid conflicts. People with high level of EQ are more self-confident, flexible and concentrated. Emotions play a vital role in the person’s life, regulating his activities body state, mindset and behavior. They help us to orientate in the environment, realize our demands and aims to satisfy, reach our destination. Emotions motivate us to do some actions, make decisions and understand others’ emotions. A research has been conducted with students in order to determine the level of emotional intelligence, as well as to find out the emotions that are most easily recognized.
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Articles
DAVIANT BEHAVIOR AMONG SERVICE MEN
AbstractThe article discusses the main issues of deviant behavior among servicemen, causes of changes of their behavior, also norms of behavior in Armenian army. One of the issues of our research program is directed to servicemen’s deviant behavior, which is connected to aggressiveness and self-esteem. The quality of servicemen’s professional 382 activities and their behavior directly depends on the level of their psychological health, preservation and strengthening of which is one of the most important directions in the work of military psychological services.
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Articles
TOPICALITY OF CONSIDERATION OF PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS IN THE PROCESS OF STRUCTURING MODELS OF ECONOMIC BEHAVIOR
AbstractIn economic theories, considerable importance is attached to the research connected with the manifestations of the behavior and modelling of different social entities (individuals, reference groups, ethnic groups) as economic entities. Attempts are made to construct effective economic behavioral models by applying mathematical methods. In this context, solutions to problems in which individual and ethno- psychological peculiarities of economic entities act as factors have become relevant in psychology. It is assumed that economic activity which takes into account psychological peculiarities of different social layers of society can contribute to the formation of balanced inter-communal economic relations, which, in its turn, can prevent the process of economic stratification, containing antagonistic elements, and keep the society away from political shocks.
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Articles
RELATIONSHIP OF SUBJECT PREPARATION AND MOTIVATION OF STUDENTS IN THE PROCESS OF PROFESSIONAL SELF-ORIENTATION
AbstractThe article is dedicated to the psychological assessment of students' professional self-orientation, the purpose of which is to study the correlation between their own knowledge, desires and professional relevance. The article summarizes the results of 395 the study showing that the surveyed respondents (70 people) are highly motivated, independent and their life decisions are specific. However, their concepts of choosing a profession are weak due to their knowledge, faithful desires and preferences. It was obvious that many of the students who were on the threshold of choosing a profession had no idea about the professions. The data obtained allow us to conclude that students do not get efficient awareness of professions at the relevant stages of training, this, in its turn makes the choice and professional self-orientation difficult.
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Articles
THE INTERRELATION BETWEEN VALUE ORIENTATIONS AND MOTIVES OF CONSUMER BEHAVIOR OF YOUTH
AbstractThe study examined the relationship between personal value orientations and motives of consumer behavior among Armenian youth. The results of correlation analysis show that consumption motives of growth correlate with value orientations of openness to change and with self-enhancement values. On the other hand, consumption motives of preservation correlate with conservation and self-transcendence value orientations. These results indicate about strong interrelation between personal value orientations and consumption motives as a same base for consumer behavior.
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Articles
PICTURE AS A DIAGNOSTIC TREATMENT OF HUMANSOMATIC IMPACTS
AbstractWe live in the era of the popularity of integrative psychotherapy, and in different areas suggesting an integrated approach. The article discusses the problem of the interaction of art therapy and body-oriented psychotherapy, taking into account the diagnostic capabilities of the picture. Drawing has come a long way and is an auxiliary method during therapy. Based on our many years of art-therapeutic work, we propose a projection-drawing method, during which an attempt is made to an integrative approach.
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Articles
CIVILIZATIONAL BASIS OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATIONS
AbstractIn postmodern world anthropological transformations happen by three common civilizational reasons: 1) the transformation of the nature of man, of his physical and mental qualities in connection with the intensive development of the man-made environment, leading to the displacement of all natural in the human by the artificial; 2) the erosion, the weakening and even the disappearance of those social conditions of life that have always been customary for a man in a "traditional" society and constituted a world of its existence; 3) the profound changes of the inner world of man, his values, life orientations due to the omnipresence of the market, the consumer onsets in the life of the society. In analyzing the problem of challenges, which descended upon mankind as a result of technological progress, the author concludes that the construction of the trans-humanist social welfare system will never bring happiness to humanity if the search for such welfare will be conducted outside of the system-preserving traditions and spiritual needs of man.
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Articles
THE ASSESSMENT CRITERIA OF MANAGER’S PERSONAL QUALITIES IN THE TRANSFORMATIONAL SOCIETY
AbstractThe approaches about manager’s personal qualities in modern society are discussed in the article. The article discusses various scientific approaches to the personal qualities of leaders in modern society. The aim of our study was to determine the criteria for a successful leader, which will be relevant and practical in our society. 419 As part of the study, an expert survey was carried out, which was carried out using the questionnaire we compiled to determine the important personal qualities of the leader. The results of the study will evaluate successful leaders to determine patterns in the process of professional development.
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