ANALYSIS OF MONTHLY AIR TEMPERATURE EXTREMES IN THE SOUTHERN PART OF THE REPUBLIC OF TUVA BASED ON ERA5 REANALYSIS DATA

Abstract

The article analyzes the dynamics of temperature extremes in the Southern part of the Tuva Republic based on ERA5 – daily reanalysis data. The study focuses on the republic’s mountain ecosystems, which are highly sensitive to climate change. Trends in monthly extreme indices (minimum and maximum temperature minimums and maximums) as well as mean temperatures (average minimum and maximum temperature minimums and maximums) are analyzed. A comparative analysis was conducted for two periods: 1961–1990 and 1996–2025. Monthly trends were examined. It was found that the most intensive warming is characteristic of the April minimum temperature (1.2℃ per decade) and the October maximum temperature (0.8℃ per decade). The obtained results are important for forecasting the state of vulnerable natural systems and developing measures for their conservation.