Vol. 52 No. 2 (246) (2018)

Studying the distribution of underground runoff, the main issues are: a) determination of the spatial distribution and concentration of the underground runoff, having its total value (according to the water balance data); b) assessment of the estimated costs of individual paleolines for solving problems (interception of underground runoff at high elevations). Based on the critical analysis and reinterpretation of this material (mainly VEZ data), we compiled a new summery map at a scale of 1: 50 000 and sections for the regional water basin (paleorelief) of the entire catchment basin of Sevan Lake. Taking into account the fact that the regional water confinement is the main distributor of underground flow, the compiled paleorelief maps and sections provide objective information about the ways of passing the concentrated underground flow and propitious areas for their interception.

The article defines the quantity of effluent of the Artsvanik tailing dam, estimates the negative impact on the river water of Norashenik and the necessity of changing the point of their discharge. Also, the discharge point of waste water was defined, which is at an altitude the Voghj River in 680 m. It is planned to transfer the wastewater directly from the mouths of the tunnels through one general pipeline and to discharge them into the Voghi River after physico-chemical and biological treatment in accordance with existing norms. The implementation of the planned measures the water of the Norashenik River will not be polluted, the water quality indicators of the Voghj River will not be deteriorated and waters of rivers will be suitable for the main sectors of water uses.

As a result of the work carried out, it was found out that the hydrothermal metasomatites of the secondary quartzite formations of Amulsar arose from the andesites propylitized in the hypabysical facies. What is spatially associated with the mineralization of gold and silver. The rutile facies of Amulsar are predominant, and the sericite and alunite facies have extremely limited development. A schematic map of the distribution of them is given. Geological and petrographic studies show that the secondary quartzites of Amulsar arose under conditions of acid leaching with the post-volcanic hydrotherms of the andesites of the Upper Eocene-Lower Oligocene.

In this paper the bioclimatic indices (heat waves, heat index and humidity index) for 1966–1990 and 1991–2016 periods were developed and evaluated in accordance with the methodology of WMO for the Yerevan City. We have calculuded that in the last two decades the number and duration of heat waves have sharply increased. In the estimation of the heat index during the period 1991–2016, 20 cases with very hot days were observed, since in the early 1966–1990 period such days were not observed. Moreover, the assessment of the humidity index has shown that the accidents with dangerous days for 1991–2016 period has sharply increased from 60 cases to 334.

More or less evenly settling of an area and effective use of resources it contains is a nationwide problem in the RA with special conditions of mountainous surface. In this sense, the analysis of settledness image, revelation of regional differences and current problems of bordering belt occupying almost a quarter of the RA territory are extremely actual and have a scientific and practical importance. The analysis and assessment of settledness level of an area, population and settlements distribution in the RA bordering belt are given in the article.

Population number reflects the cumulative impact of several factors on the development of rural areas and settlements. Besides, settlement transformation and development processes are essentially conditioned by population number of rural settlements and population distribution by population number. In the bordering belt of the RA the function of fortifying and strengthening the self-defense of the country joins the mentioned ones. The RA bordering belt rural settlements population number and rural population regional distribution by population number features analysis and current problems revelation have been done in the article.

The negative impact of tourism on the environment is a consequence of the ecology of human (individual) and society. The application of humanistic principles will give a positive solution to the ecology of human and society, which in turn will create a tourism–eco-tourism–sustainable tourism system. In the article it is shown that this system will contribute conditions for society sustainable development.

The article presents an assessment of geomorphological resources in the areas of recreation and the development of tourism. The study was carried out on the steepness and exposure of slopes. Based on the results, a large-scale map of the angles of inclination and exposures of the territory of Northern Armenia was compiled.

The article presents the results of calculations and analysis of the anthropogenic transformation and the landscapes load of Zaporizhizhia Region. Calculation of the coefficient of the anthropogenic transformation allowed classifying the landscape areas in a highly transformed with an average coefficient in the administrative area 6.6. Within the landscape areas, the degree of the anthropogenic load varies from 0.132 to 0.429 units that is one of the highest in Ukraine.