Vol. 4 No. 1(7) (2024)

View Vol. 4 No. 1(7) (2024)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46991/TSTP/2024.4.1
Published: 2024-12-21

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Articles

  • Articles

    Translation of Russian Business Slang Phraseology in Italian: Focus on Intermediary Language to Avoid Ambiguities

    Alessandra Marabini
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    Abstract

    In recent years Russia has changed rapidly from a socio-economic point of view. The economic changes have led to the development of slang phraseological units (herefrom, PUs) in the business communication. The Russian jargon PUs are taken from the dictionary Pochti seryoznyj slovar’ delovogo obscheniya (Pogrebnyak: 2007) and are translated into Italian, mostly via English, functioning as Intermediary Language (herefrom, IL). The materials consist in Russian slang PUs that are ambiguous, as it appears hard to understand, whether they are calques from IL or properly Russian expressions. The study underlines the importance of the IL to avoid ambiguity and of the idiomatic translation to both understand business culture and language. The functional equivalence is also taken into account as an interlinguistic equivalence strategy needed to find a communicative coincidence between Source Language (herefrom, SL) and Target Language (herefrom, TL) contexts. To conclude, the work attempts to facilitate informal business communication between Russian and Italian partners and to mitigate misunderstandings that may arise in the presence of cultural differences between the two countries.

    References

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    Alefirenko Nikolaj Fedorovich. 2008. Frazeologiya v svete sovremennykh lingvisticheskikh paradigm: monografiya [Phraseology in the Light of Modern Linguistic Paradigms: Monograph]. Moskva: OOO Izd-vo “Elpis.”

    Arsent’eva, Elena Fridrikhovna. 1989. Sopostavitel’nyj analiz frazeologicheskikh edinits [Comparative Analysis of Phraseological Units]. Kazan’: Izdatel’stvo Kazanskogo Universiteta.

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    Gambier, Yves. 1994. “La retraduction, retour et détour.” Meta 39(3): 413-417. Montréal: Les Presses de l’Université de Montréal.

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    Mokienko, Valerij Mikhajlovich. 2012. “Frazeologiya i yazykovaya igra: dinamika formy i smysla [Phraseology and Linguistic Puns: Dynamic of Form and Meaning].” Ucheni zapéské Tavriyskoho natsional’noho universitetu im V.I. Vernads’koho. Filologiya. Sotsial’ni komunikatsii [Scientific Notes of Tavrida National University Named after V.I. Vernadsky. Philology. Social Communications] 25 (64), 2 (1): 100–109.

    Mykhaylenko, Valerij. 2019. “Exploring English-Ukrainian Contrastive Phraseology.” Naukoviy visnik uzhgorods’koho universitetu. Seriya: Filologiya [Scientific Bulletin of Uzhhorod University. Series: Philology] 2(42): 68-72.

    Nida, Eugene Albert, and Taber, Charles. 1982. The Theory and Practice of Translation. Leiden: E.J. Brill.

    Ozhegov, Sergej Ivanovich. Slovar’ russkogo yazyka: ok. 53 000 slov [Dictionary of Russian Language: about 53 000 words]. Moskva: OOO Izdatel’stvo Oniks, 2012.

    Pięta, Hanna. 2014. “What Do (We Think) We Know about Indirectness in Literary Translation? A Tentative Review of the state-of-the-art and possible research avenues.” In Traducció indirecta en la literatura catalana, edited by Ivan Garcia Sala, Diana San Roig, Bozena Anna Zaboklicka, 15–34. Lleida: Punctum.

    Pogrebnyak, Evgenij Vladimirovich (Ed.). 2007. Pochti seryoznyj slovar’ delovogo obscheniya [Almost Serious Dictionary of Business Communication]. Moskva: Alpina Buzines Buks.

    Rajkhshtejn, Aleksandr Davidovich. 1980. Sopostavitelnyj analiz nemetskoj i russkoj frazeologii [Comparative Analysis of German and Russian Phraseology]. Moskva: Vysshaya Shkola.

    Ringmar, Martin. 2012. “Relay Translation.” In Handbook of Translation Studies, edited by Yves Gambier, Luc van Doorslaer, 141-144. John Benjamins.

    Ryabtseva, Nadezhda Konstantinovna, 2018. Prikladnye problemy perevodovedeniya: lingvisticheskij aspekt: ucheb. posobie [Applied Problems of Translation Studies: Linguistic Aspect: Textbook]. Moskva: FLINTA: Nauka.

    Shiflett, Marcela Müllerová. 2012. “Functional Equivalence and Its Role in Legal Translation.” English Matters 3: 29-33.

    Solodukho, Eduard Moiseevich, 1982. Problemy internatsionalizatsii frazeologii (na materiale yazykov slavyanskoj, germanskoj i romanskoj grupp) [Problems of Internationalization of Phraseology (Based on the Languages of the Slavic, Germanic and Romance Groups]. Kazan’: Izdatel’stvo Kazanskogo Universiteta.

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  • Articles

    Challenges of Intermediary Translation: Analyzing Inaccuracies in the Armenian Translation of Nansen’s Work ‘Armenia and the Near East’

    Anoush Ayunts, Hasmik Mkhitaryan
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    Abstract

    Intermediary translation is a mode of translation that involves the usage of an intermediate language. In this process, the original source language is translated into an intermediate language, which is then translated into the final target language. This approach is used when the translator is not proficient in both the source and target languages, but is proficient in the intermediate one. In this case, an intermediate language can be used as a “bridge” to facilitate the translation process. However, intermediary translation also has its drawbacks. One major issue is that it can lead to inaccuracies in the final translation. When using an intermediate language, there is a risk of losing some of the semantic nuances and subtleties of the original text. This can result in a translation not entirely faithful to the original meaning. The case under study are the translations of F. Nansen’s work Armenia and the Near East. Through a comparative analysis of the English, German and Armenian versions some significant inaccuracies were revealed.     

    References

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    Chesterman, Andrew. 1997. Memes of Translation: The Spread of Ideas in Translation Theory. John Benjamins. e-Book ISBN: 9789027283092 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1075/btl.22. Accessed November 11, 2023.

    DFG-Viewer: Betrogenes Volk : eine Studienreise durch Georgien und Armenien als Oberkommissar des Völkerbundes / Fridtjof Nansen. [Aus dem Norweg. von Theodor Geiger]. https://dfg-viewer.de/show/?tx_dlf%5bid%5d. Accessed November 11, 2023.

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    Jakobson, Roman. 1959. “On Linguistic Aspects of Translation. London: Routledge.” Harvard University press, 113-118. https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.4159/harvard.9780674731615.c18/html Accessed November 12, 2023.

    Liddicoat, Anthony. 2015. “Intercultural Mediation, Intercultural Communication and Translation.” Perspectives 24(3): 354-364. doi:10.1080/0907676X.2014.980279 ISSN 0907-676X. Accessed November 12, 2023. https://www.academia.edu/15509316

    Nansen, Fridtjof. 2009. Betrogenes Volk [Deceived People]. Translated from German by Evelina Makaryan. Yerevan: Gasprint.

    Nansen, Fridtjof. 1928. Armenia and the Near East. Last accessed November 12, 2023. https://runeberg.org/armenia/

    Toury, Gideon. 1995. Descriptive Translation Studies – And Beyond. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins. Accessed November 7, 2023. https://www.academia.edu/37123060/

    Toury, Gideon. 1978; 2000. The Nature and Role of Norms in Translation. Accessed November 11, 2023. https://open.unive.it/hitrade/books/TouryNorms.pdf

    Venuti, Lawrence. (Ed.). 2000. The Translation Studies Reader. London & New York: Routledge. Accessed November 11, 2023. https://www.academia.edu/8570131/The_Translation_Studies_Reader

  • Articles

    Categories of Shifts in the Translation of the English Holy Bible (New International Version) into Dholuo Bible: Muma Maler Mar Nyasaye (1976)

    Colleta Akoth Owino, Benard Mudogo, David Barasa, Rose Auma
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    Abstract

    This paper describes the categories of shifts in the translation of the English Holy Bible; New International Version (NIV) into Dholuo Bible Muma Maler mar Nyasaye (1976). The aim is to evaluate the relevance of the translator’s style in rendering a religious text into the target language and the overall implication on the translation theory and practice. The data is collected through document analysis and Focus Group Discussions. We analyzed forty rank shifted segments purposively from six books from the source and target text based on the Relevance Theory by Sperber & Wilson (1986). The analysis is limited to rank-shifting at the level of clauses utilized in the source language which is translated into the target language. The data is analyzed using content analysis and descriptive method. The following categories of shifts are identified; structure shifts, unit shifts, class shifts and intra-system shifts. This study offers insight to bible translators to understand that since shifts are unavoidable in translation, they should aim to produce a target text that is as accurate and precise as possible to guard against loss of meaning. To do this, translators must understand the original source text and transfer it faithfully and accurately. Moreover, bible translators must understand the context of both the source text and the target text since context plays a great role in rendering translation.

    References

    Adhiambo, Oduol Jaqueline Helen. 1990. “Dholuo Dialects: Synchronic State and Some Historical Inferences.” Doctoral Dissertation. University of Nairobi.

    Aji, Hani Wani Purnama; Hero Gunawan, and Ervina CM Simatupang. 2020. “Analysis of Translation Used in Translating Usage Instruction of Beauty Products.” English Journal Literacy, Utama. 4(1): 179-185.

    Bassnett, Susan. 2002. Translation Studies (3rd Edition). London: Routledge.

    Bible, H. 2011. New International Version (NIV). Colorado Springs, CO: Biblica.

    Gazar, Amirhussein; Mohammad Ali Tajari. 2020. “Investigating Application of Literary Methods for Interpretation and Translation of Religious Text.” International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation (IJLLT), 120-126.

    Itieba, Jill Laventor; Barasa, David, and Mudogo, Benard. 2023a. “Contextual Meaning Loss and Gain in the Translation of George Orwell’s Animal Farm from English to Kiswahili.” Nairobi Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 7(2): 127-135.

    Itieba, Jill Laventor; Mudogo, Benard, and Barasa, David. 2023b. “Contextual Frames of Reference in the Translation of George Orwell’s Animal Farm to Kiswahili.” Translation Studies: Theory and Practice 3 (2): 29-39.

    Kur'Anna, Vita, and Dwi Haryanti. 2017. “Intrasystem Shift Analysis in “The Maze Runner” Novel by Yunita Candra. Diss. Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.

    Machali, Rochayah. 2012. “Cases of Domestication and Foreignization in the Translation of Indonesian Poetry into English: A Preliminary Inquiry.” Journal of Language and Culture 3(4): 74-82.

    Mudogo, Benard. 2017. “Word Level Strategies Used to Attain Functional Lukabaras Equivalence in the Translation of Mulembe FM Luhya Newscasts.” Doctoral Dissertation. Maseno University.

    Newmark, Peter. 1981. Approaches to Translation. Oxford: Pergamon Press.

    Nida, Eugine. 1964. Towards a Science of Translating. Leiden: E. J. Brill.

    Odoyo, Roselyn Awuor. 2013. “From Russia with Love: An Impact Assessment of Resolution A/HRC/21/L2 on Sexual Minorities in Africa.” Doctoral dissertation. Inter-University Centre for Human and Democratisation (EIUC).

    Okombo, Okoth Duncan. 1997. A Functional Grammar of Dholuo. Nairobi: Kenya.

    Pym, Anthony. 2023. Exploring Translation Theories. Routledge.

    Reiss, K., 1989. Text Type, Translation Types and Translation Assessment. Andrew Chesterman (trans.). Readings in Translation Theory. Oy Finn Lectura Ab. (Original work published 1971).

    Sipayung, Kammer Tuahman. 2018. “The Impact of Translation Shift And Method on Translation Accuracy Found at Bilingual History Textbook.” Humaniora 30(1): 58-66.

    Sperber, Dan, and Deirdre Wilson. 1986. Relevance Communication and Cognition. Volume 142. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

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  • Articles

    Translation Properties of Vulgar and Invective Vocabulary in Political Media Discourse

    Gayane Gasparyan, Meri Ishkhanyan
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    Abstract

    The present research is an attempt to specify vulgar and invective vocabulary in modern political media discourse and to determine their translation properties (from English into Russian and Armenian, from Russian into English and Armenian, from Armenian into English and Russian) within the frames of pragmatic and socio-cultural discourse analyses. The article aims at indicating the language code differences in terms of cultures. Such analysis fosters also the determination of ways and methods of transmitting discrepancies between positive and negative connotations of various language units and to create the balance of emphatic equivalence when translating from source languages (SLs) into target languages (TLs). Invectives contain universal cultural values, they indicate aggression, anger, hostility and indignity. To translate invective proverbs, aphorisms, jargon, obscenities, the translator uses various transformations to pragmatically adapt them for the target cultural environment, since the source culture cognitive principles do not always coincide with those of the target culture.

    References

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  • Articles

    Promoting and Spreading Sakha Ethnocultural Identity through the Mediation of the Russian Language: The Phenomenon of Yakut Cinema

    Giorgia Pomarolli
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    Abstract

    The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is nowadays one of the main centres of cinematographic production in the Russian Federation. Films are often low-budget and boast a wide spectrum of genres. They are mostly shot in the Sakha language and draw on local history, heroic epic, cosmogony, heritage, costumes, and spiritual values. In the present work the phenomenon of Yakut cinema is investigated as a means to promote and consolidate the ethnocultural Sakha identity in the Republic. To explore this issue, I briefly describe the sociolinguistic context, featuring the Sakha Republic. Further, I provide an overview of Yakut cinema, examining the process of its rapid development, and identifying its main themes and characteristics. Then, I discuss the resonance of Yakut films, which goes beyond the local context. A dozen of Yakut movies have screened at international film festivals, reaching out to the global audience by means of indirect translation, i.e., from Sakha to English, via the Russian language. As a result, the Russian language plays a pivotal role in the circulation of Sakha cinema, and hence, Sakha identity on the world stage.

    References

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    Burnashëv, Stepan. 2023. “Yakutskiy rezhissër Stepan Burnashëv: ‘Po suti, my stanovimsya kuskami myasa’ [Yakut Director Stepan Burnashëv: ‘Essentially, We Become Pieces of Meat].” Interview by Svetlana Khokhryakova. MKRU. Accessed November 22, 2023. https://www.mk.ru/culture/2023/11/22/yakutskiy-rezhisser-stepan-burnashev-po-suti-my-stanovimsya-kuskami-myasa.html

    Corcoran, Jason. 2022. “6 Months into the Ukraine War, Russia’s Film Industry Is on Life Support.” Business Insider. Accessed August 18, 2022. https://www.businessinsider.com/back-to-the-ussr-russias-film-industry-on-life-support-2022-8?r=US&IR=T

    Damiens, Caroline. 2014. “A Cinema of One’s Own: Building/Reconstructing Siberian Indigenous Peoples’ Identity in Recent Cinema: Examples from Sakha (Yakutia) Republic and the Republic of Khakassia.” InterDisciplines. Journal of History and Sociology 5(1): 159–85. Accessed August 18, 2022. https://hal.science/hal-01434148/document

    Damiens, Caroline. 2015. “Cinema in Sakha (Yakutia) Republic: Renegotiating Film History.” Kinokultura 48. Accessed August 18, 2022. https://hal.science/hal-01434159/document

    Damiens, Caroline, and Csaba Mészáros. 2022. “The Cinema of the Sakha Republic: An Introductory Note.” Kinokultura: New Russian Cinema 19 Spec. Accessed August 20, 2022. http://real.mtak.hu/160084/1/40.pdf

    Davydov, Dmitriy. 2021. “Director Dmitry Davydov on ‘Scarecrow’ and Yakutian Films.” Interview by Yulia Skopich. The Moscow Times, March 25, 2021. Accessed August 19, 2022. https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2021/03/25/director-dmitry-davydov-on-scarecrow-and-yakutian-films-a73362

    Davydov, Dmitriy. n.d. “Once Upon a Time in Yakutia.” Interview by ALROSA Magazine. Accessed November 18, 2023. https://alrosamagazine.com/articles/interview/once-upon-a-time-in-yakutia/

    Dergacheva, Daria. 2023. “Yakut Movie ‘Aita’ Was Censored in Russia.” Global Voices. Accessed September 25, 2023. https://globalvoices.org/2023/09/25/yakut-movie-aita-was-censored-in-russia/

    Egorova, Nataliya. 2017. “Na ‘Lenfil’me’ obsudili regional’noe kino i ravzitie prokata dokumentalistiki [At ‘Lenfilm, Regional Cinema and the Development of Documentary Distribution Has Been Discussed].” Movie Start, Accessed November 22, 2017. https://moviestart.ru/2017/11/22/na-lenfilme-obsudili-regionalnoe-kino-i-razvitie-prokata-dokumentalistiki/

    Ferguson, Jenanne, and Lena Sidorova. 2018. “What Language Advertises: Ethnographic Branding in the Linguistic Landscape of Yakutsk.” Language Policy 17: 23–54. Accessed October 25, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10993-016-9420-4

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    Ivanova, Svetlana. 2022. “Rol’ Kinokluba v stanovlenii yakutskogo kino: ot refleksii k deystviyam” [The Role of the Film Club in the Formation of Yakut Cinema: From Reflection to Action]. Yakutskoe-sakha informatsionnoe agenstvo, April 1, 2022. https://ysia.ru/rol-kinokluba-v-stanovlenii-yakutskogo-kino-ot-refleksii-k-dejstviyam/.

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    Leont’eva, Zh. V., and A. B. Anisimov. 2021. “Rol’ fil’ma ‘Tayna Chingiskhaana’ v razvitii i fenomene yakutskogo kino [The Role of the Film The Secret of Genghis Khan in the Development and Phenomenon of Yakut Cinema].” Mezhdunarodnyy nauchno-issledovatel’skiy zhurnal 107, no. 5: 174–8.

    McGinity-Peebles, Adelaide. 2021. “Sakha Film: The History of a Post-Soviet Cultural Phenomenon.” Klassiki, October 21, 2021. https://klassiki.online/sakha-film-the-history-of-a-post-soviet-cultural-phenomenon/.

    Mészáros, Csaba. 2022. “Aleksei Romanov ‘Uot Ajarkhan:’ The Middle World (Orto Dojdu/Seredinnyi mir, 1993).” Review of The Middle World, by Aleksey Romanov. Kinokultura 19. October 21, 2021. http://real.mtak.hu/160087/1/42.pdf

    Munkuev, Vladimir. 2021. “Yakutskoe kino, ‘Nuuccha,’ Gilëv i Balabanov [Yakut Cinema, Nuuccha, Gilëv, and Balabanov].” Interview by Yaroslavna Frolova. Telekanal KINOTV, September 30, 2021. Video, 18:53. Accessed October 21, 2021. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gofj10nk0tw&t=400s&ab_channel=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%9A%D0%98%D0%9D%D0%9E%D0%A2%D0%92

    Oturgasheva, Natalya V. 2021. “Modern Yakut Cinema: Logos, Ethos, Pathos.” In Language and Technology in the Interdisciplinary Paradigm 118: 173–9. European Proceedings of Social and Behavioural Sciences, edited by Olga Kolmakova, Olga Boginskaya, Sergei Grichin. London: European Publisher, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2021.12.22

    Pakendorf, Brigitte. 2007. “Contact in the Prehistory of the Sakha (Yakuts): Linguistic and Genetic Perspectives.” PhD diss., LOT – Netherlands Graduate School of Linguistics. Accessed October 21, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/1887/12492

    Pakendorf, Brigitte, and Innokentij N. Novgorodov. 2009. “Loanwords in Sakha (Yakut), a Turkic Language of Siberia.” In Loanwords in the World’s Languages: A Comparative Handbook, edited by Martin Haspelmath and Uri Tadmor, 496–524. Berlin, New York: De Gruyter Mouton.

    Petrova, Nyurguyana. 2011. “Lexical and Clause-Linkage Properties of the Converbal Constructions in Sakha (Yakut).” PhD diss., State University of New York at Buffalo. Accessed October 25, 2021. https://www.proquest.com/docview/900302422?pq-origsite=gscholar&fromopenview=true

    Robbek, Vasili. 1998. “Language Situation in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia).” In Bicultural Education in the North: Ways of Preserving and Enhancing Indigenous Peoples’ Languages and Traditional Knowledge, edited by Erich Kasten, 113–22. Münster: Waxmann Verlag.

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    Sakhafilm. n.d. “Spisok fil’mov proizvodstva AU RS gosudarstvennoy natsional’noy kinokompanii ‘Sakhafilm’ s 1986 goda [List of Films Produced by the Autonomous Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) State National Film Company 'Sakhafilm' since 1986].” Accessed November 17, 2023. https://sakhafilm.ru/movies/page/4/

    Savvina, Sardaana. 2021. “How Yakut Cinema Takes Over the World.” Filmed April 2021 at TEDxYakutsk, Yakutsk, Russian Federation. Video, 15:56. Accessed November 25, 2021. https://www.ted.com/talks/how_yakut_cinema_takes_over_the_world

    Sibiryakova, Maria. 2022. “Sergei Potapov: My Love (Liubov’ moia, 2004) and/or Kito-Moto (2007).” Review of My Love, by Sergey Potapov. Kinokultura, no. 19. Accessed November 25, 2021. https://www.kinokultura.com/specials/19/R_my-love.shtml#1

    Sonnyy, Semën. 2023. “V Rossii zapretili prokat fil’ma ‘Ayta.’ RKN uvidel v nëm propagandu natsionalisma [In Russia, the Film Ayta Has Been Banned from Distribution. The Federal Service for Supervision of Communications, Information Technology, and Mass Media (Roskomnadzor) Saw Nationalist Propaganda in It].” Gazeta.ru, September 27, 2023. Accessed November 5, 2021. https://www.gazeta.ru/culture/2023/09/27/17651869.shtml

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    Ustav fonda podderzhki regional’nogo kinematografa Obshcherossiyskoy obshchestvennoy organizatsii “Soyuz kinematografistov Rossiyskoy federatsii” (Ustav FPRK) [The Charter of the Support Fund for Regional Cinema of the All-Russian Public Organization “Union of Cinematographers of the Russian Federation”]. 2022. Accessed November 3, 2023. https://disk.yandex.ru/i/1U_qxn4KIxt30w

    Ventsel, Aimar. 2016. “Language, Economy and Nation-Building in the Republic of Sakha.” In Nation Building and Identity in the Post-Soviet Space: New Tools and Approaches, edited by Rico Isaacs and Abel Polese, 104–15. London and New York: Routledge.

    Yegorov-Crate, Katya. 2023. “Sakha Cinema: Worldviews from Northeastern Siberia on Film.” Folklife Magazine, February 21, 2023. Accessed November 15, 2021. https://folklife.si.edu/magazine/mtff-sakha-cinema

    Zakon Respubliki Sakha (Yakutiya) ot 16 oktyabrya 1992 goda N. 1170-XII. “O yazykakh v Respublike Sakha (Yakutiya) [The Law of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) Dated October 16, 1992 No. 1170-XII “On Languages in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)”].” Accessed November 5, 2023. https://docs.cntd.ru/document/804911252

  • Articles

    The Role of Mediated Translation in Children’s Literature from Cross-Cultural Pragmatics Standpoint: Gianni Rodari’s Adventures of Cipollino in Russian And Armenian

    Irina Mkhitaryan, Diana Hayroyan
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    Abstract

    The current thesis zooms in on how the concept of cross-cultural pragmatics can bring forth a theoretical background for mediated translation practice, particularly taking into account equivalence. In this day and age, the criteria for highlighting translation pragmatics of literary texts embrace the vast practical experience, insights into the translation theory, and cross-cultural similarities and dissimilarities set in the mediated translation of children’s literature.

    The article is an attempt to uncover crucial cross-cultural elements of the present-day and past translations of children’s literature via mediated language from the translation pragmatics perspective. In the research, we mainly projected a plethora of latent linguostylistic nuances of the author’s style through intermediary language. The data analysis was conducted based on the descriptive-comparative method assuming as a cornerstone semantic and pragmatic strategies suggested by A. Chesterman.

    References

    Calvo, M., and Buesa, C. 2010. Translation and Cultural Identity: Selected Essays on Translation and Transcultural. Calvo and Carmen Buesa- Scholars Publishing.

    Chesterman, A., and Wagner, E. 2002. Can Theory Help Translators? A Dialogue between the Ivory Tower and the Wordface. Manchester: St. Jerome Publishing.

    Dollerup, C. 2000. “‘Relay’ and ‘Support’ Translation.” In A. Chesterman, N. G. San Salvador, & Y. Gambier (Eds.), Translation in Context: Selected Contributions from the EST Congress, Granada, pp. 17–26. Accessed November 25, 2023. http://www.cay-dollerup.dk/publications

    Evans, J., & Ringrow, H. 2017. “Introduction: Borders in Translation and Intercultural Communication. Transcultural.” A Journal of Translation and Cultural Studies, 9(2), 1. Accessed October 15, 2023. https://doi.org/10.21992/t90089

    Hadley, J. 2017. “Indirect Translation and Discursive Identity: Proposing the Concatenation Effect Hypothesis.” Translation Studies, 10(2): 183–197. Accessed October 15, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1080/14781700.2016.1273794

    Hekkanen, R. 2014. “Direct Translation – Is It the Only Option? Indirect Translation of Finnish Prose. Literature into English.” In True North: Literary Translation in the Nordic Countries. Newcastle upon Tyne.

    Klingberg, Göte. 1986. Children’s Fiction in the Hands of the Translators. Stockholm: Cwk Gleerup

    Landers, E. 2001. Literary Translation: A Practical Guide. New Jersey University Press: Multilingual Matters.

    Lathey, G. (Ed.). 2006. The Translation of Children's Literature: A Reader. Clevedon: Multilingual matters.

    Liddicoat, A. 2016. “Translation as Intercultural Mediation: Setting the Scene.” Perspectives: Studies in Translatology. 24(3): 347–353. Accessed October 20, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1080/0907676X.2015.1125934

    Marshak, S. 1953. “Priklyucheniya Chipollino [The Adventures of Cipollino].” Typewritten Copy with Marshak’s Handwritten Remarks: Private Archive of Marshak’s Heirs. Russia.

    Nida, E. 1964. “Principles of Correspondence.” In Venuti, L. (Ed.), The Translation Studies Reader. Routledge, London.

    Proshina, Z. 2005. “Intermediary Translation from English as a Lingua Franca.” World Englishes: Journal of English as an International and Intranational Language, 24 (4): 517-522.

    Potapova, Z. 1952. Pervye pobedy Chipollino [Cipollino’s First Victories]. Literaturnaya gazeta.

    Pięta, H. 2019. “Indirect Translation: Main Trends in Practice and Research.” Slovo.Ru: Baltic Accent, 10(1): 21–36. Accessed October 20, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5922/2225-5346-2019-1-2

    Ringmar, M. 2007. “Roundabouts Routes: Some Remarks on Indirect Translations.” Francis Mus (Ed.), Selected Papers of the CETRA Research Seminar in Translation Studies 2006. Accessed October 20, 2023. http://www.kuleuven.be/cetra/papers/papers.html

    Shuttleworth, M., and M. Cowie (Eds.). 1997. Dictionary of Translation Studies. Manchester: St Jerome.

    St. André, J. 2008. “Relay.” In M. Baker, and G. Saldanha (Eds.), Routledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies, 2nd Ed., pp. 230-232. London/New York. Accessed October 25, 2023. http://www.benjamins.com/online/tsb/; http://aplicacionesua.cpd.ua.es/tra_int/usu/buscar.asp?idioma=en

    Thomson-Wohlgemuth, G. 2009. “Translation under State Control.” In Books for Young People in the German Democratic Republic. New York: Routledge

    Thomas, E. 2016. “Stories Still Matter: Rethinking the Role of Diverse Children’s Literature Today.” Language Arts, 94(2), 112–118.

  • Articles

    Crossing Cultural Boundaries: The First Translation of Crime and Punishment in Italy

    Iris Uccello
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    Abstract

    Indirect translation, criticized for impurity, played a pivotal role in introducing Russian literature to fin-de-siècle Italy. Initial Italian translations of Russian classics stemmed from French translations, with France serving as a key hub for Russian literary reception in Europe. This article delves into the first Italian translation of "Crime and Punishment" to explore the nuances of this process. It examines the trade-offs—what was lost in translation—and highlights how the mediation through French translation paradoxically aided the reception of Dostoevsky in late 19th-century Italy.

    References

    Dostoevsky, Fëdor Mikhailovich. 1973. “Prestuplenie i nakazanie” [Crime and Punishment]. In Id., Polnoe sobranje sochinenii v tritzati tomakh [Complete Works in Thirty Volumes], t. 6. Moskva: Nauka.

    Dostoïevski, Fiodor Mikhaïlovitch. 1884. Le Crime et le Châtiment, traduit par Victor Derély, 2 voll.. Paris: E. Plon, Nourrit et Cie.

    Dostoievski, Fedor Michajlovic. 1889. Il delitto e il castigo (Raskolnikoff), 3 voll. Milano: Fratelli Treves.

    Dostoevskij, Fedor Michajlovič. 2013. Delitto e castigo. Milano: Feltrinelli.

    Baselica, Giulia. 2011. Alla scoperta del genio russo. Le traduzioni italiane di narrativa russa tra fine Ottocento e primo Novecento. Tradurre. Pratiche Teorie Strumenti. 0. Accessed November 16, 2023. https://rivistatradurre.it/tradurre-dal-russo-2/

    Strakhov, Nikolay N. 1883. Biografiya, pis’ma i zametki iz zapisnoy knizhki F. M. Dostoevskogo [Biography, Letters, and Notes from the Notebook of F. M. Dostoevsky]. Sankt-Peterburg: Tip. A. S. Suvorina.

    Belov, Sergey V. 1979. Roman F. M. Dostoevskogo «Prestuplenie i nakazanie» [The Novel of F. M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment”]. Leningrad: Prosveschenie. Leningradskoe otdelenie.

    De Vogüé, Eugène-Melchior. 1886. Le Roman Russe. Paris: E. Plon, Nourrit, et Cie.

    Gacoin Lablanchy, Pauline, et Adèle, Bastien-Thiry. 2014. “André Markowicz et les enjeux de la retraduction.” Bulletin de l'Institut Pierre Renouvin, 40(2): 83-94. Accessed November 16, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3917/bipr.040.0083.

    Landers, Clifford E. 2001. Literary Translation: A Practical Guide. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.

    Renton, Bruce. 1961. “La letteratura russa in Italia nel XIX secolo.” Rassegna sovietica. V: 70-83.

    Toporov, Vladimir Nikolaevich. 1993. “Poetika Dostoevskogo i arkhaichnye skhemy mifologicheskogo myshleniya” [The Poetics of Dostoevsky and the Archaic Schemes of Mythological Thinking]. In Roman F. M. Dostoevskogo «Prestuplenie i nakazanie» v literaturnoj nauke XX veka [The Novel of F. M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment" in the Literary Science of the 20th Century]. Izhevsk: Izd-vo Udmurt un-ta, 105–123.

  • Articles

    Sight Translation as a Pedagogical Tool in Teaching Interpretation of Political Texts

    Kulwa Matalu
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    Abstract

    In translation teaching, sight translation has been used, for decades, as a pedagogical tool to enhance students’ interpreting skills in a myriad text genres. In this study, sight translation was used as a pedagogical tool to teach translation and interpretation of political texts to 37 undergraduate third year students of the academic year 2022/2023 at the university of Dodoma, Tanzania. The 3 collected English political speeches were chunked and organized in PowerPoint form to be sight translated into Kiswahili. The student sight translator displayed its content on the wall through a projector which was connected to a personal computer. When sight translating, the other students were comparing his/her verbal renditions into the target language with the content in the source language which was displayed on the wall through a projector. The study revealed that some English political expressions that refer to the address forms of the heads of state and government, the official residence of the heads of state and government, titles of foreign dignitaries, the etiquette of recognizing meeting attendees, and the capital city when used to denote a government or country could not be easily sight translated into Kiswahili for a number of reasons. Despite the challenges that sight translation may encounter during implementation, it remains a friendliest, adaptable, and inclusive pedagogical tool in translation and interpretation classes in all levels of learning.

    References

    Agrifoglio, Marjolie. 2004. "Sight Translation and Interpreting." Interpreting 6(1): 43-67. DOI:10.1075/intp.6.1.05agr.

    Bartłomiejczyk, Magdalena. 2008. "Anticipation: A Controversial Interpreting Strategy." Translation and Meaning (8): 117-126.

    Čeňková, Ivana. 2010. "Sight Translation." In Handbook of Translation Studies, by Yves Gambier and Luc van Doorslaer, 320-323. John Benjamins Publishing Company. DOI:10.1075/hts.1.sig1.

    Chen, Wallace. 2015. "Sight Translation." In The Routledge Handbook of Interpreting, by Holly Mikkelson and Renee Jourdenais, 144-153. Routledge. Accessed October 24, 2023. DOI:10.4324/9781315745381.ch9.

    Chungwha, Choi. 2003. "The Interpretive Theory of Translation and Its Current Applications." Interpretation Studies: The Journal of the Japan Association for Interpretation Studies (3): 1-15.

    Clavijo, Bibiana, and Patricia Marin. 2013. "Identifying Translation Teaching Strategies: An Exploratory Study." International Journal of Humanities and Social Science 3(21): 71-78. Fang, Jing, and Jihong Wang. 2022.

    "Student Interpreters' Strategies in Dealing with Unfamiliar Words in Sight Translation." The International Journal for Translation and Interpreting Research 14(1): 42-65. DOI:10.12807/ti.114201.2022.a03.

    Fatollahi, Moslem. 2016. "Applying sight Translation as a Means to Enhance Reading Ability of Iranin EFL Students." English Language Teaching 9(3): 153-159. DOI:10.5539/elt.vqn3p153.

    Jilala, Hadija. 2016. "The Power of Metaphors in Politics: A Cognitive Analysis of Metaphors in Kiswahili Newspapers in Tanzania." Asian Journal of Social Sciences, Arts and Humanities 4(4): 9-27.

    Lee, Jieun. 2012. "What Skills Do Student Interpreters Need to Learn in Sight Translation Training?" Meta Translators' Journal 57(3): 694-714. DOI: 10.7202/101708ar.

    Li, Xiangdong. 2014. "Sight Translation as a Topic in Interpreting Research: Progress, Problems, and Prospects." Across Languages and cultures 15(1): 67-89. DOI:10.1556/Acr.15.2014.1.4.

    Márdirosz, Krisztina Sárosi. 2014. "Problems Related to the Translation of Political Texts." ACTA, Universitatis Sapientiae, Philologica 6(2): 159-180. DOI:10.1515/ausp.2015-0012.

    Molina, Lucia, and Amparo Hutardo Albir. 2002. "Translation Techniques Revisited: A Dynamic and Functionalist Approach." Meta 47(4): 498-512. DOI: 10.7202/008033ar.

    Newmark, Peter. 1986. "The Translation of Political Language." 43-64. Accessed January 28, 2024. https://www.openstarts.units.it/server/api/core/bitstreams/f7615fd4-1395-4b58-bd79-6c4077261e6b/content.

    Nilsen, Anne Birgitta, and May Britt Monsrud. 2015. "Reading Skills for Sight Translation in Public Sector Services." The International Journal for translation and Interpreting Research 7(3): 10-20. DOI:10.12807/ti.107203.2015.a01.

    Obidina, Veronika V. 2015. "Sight Translation: Typological Insights into the Mode." Journal of Siberian Federal University. Humanities and Social Sciences 1(8): 99-18.

    Pamungkas, Muhammad Ersan. 2020. "Translation Methods in Political Speeches: A Case Study of English Translations of President Joko Widodo's Inaugural Address." Paradigma: Journal Kajian Budaya 10(2): 132-146. DOI:10.17510/paradigma.v10i2.289.

    Schjoldager, Anne. 2004. "Are L2 More Prone to Err when they Translate?" In Translation in Undergraduate programmes, by Anne Schjoldager and K Malmkjar, 127-149. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.

    Viaggio, Sergio. 1992. "The Praise of Sight Translation (and Squeezing the Last Drop Thereout of)." The Interpreters' Newsletter 4: 45-58.

    Viaggio, Sergio. 1995. "The Praise of Sight Translation (and Squeezing the Last Drop Thereout of)." The Interpreters’ Newsletter 6: 33-42.

    Yamada, Hiroko. 2020. "Efficacy of Sight Translation in English-Japanese Consecutive Interpreting Training in a University Course." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 10(4): 343-352. DOI:10.17507/tpls.1004.01.

    Yang, Chunli. 2010. "Translation of English and Chinese Addressing Terms from the Cultural Aspect." Journal of Language Teaching and Research 1(5): 738-742. DOI:10.4304/jltr.1.5.738-742.

  • Articles

    Mediated Translation of Films: A Cross-Linguistic and Cross-Cultural Analysis of “Gone in 60 Seconds”

    Lusine Sargsyan, Markuhi Voskanyan
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    Abstract

    The present study focuses on the notion of equivalence in film translation through comparative analysis that enables to get new insights into its lexical, grammatical and stylistic peculiarities. Translating films involves careful consideration of various elements, adding complexity to the process of translation for this particular medium. Different approaches employed by translators in rendering the text significantly impact the attainment of equivalence in the realm of film translation. This objective is fulfilled by exploring key methods of film translation, notably dubbing and subtitling, along with their widespread use and the evolution of their history. One of the most complicated tasks in film translation is to accurately transfer the linguistic features and cultural values into the target language. The data analysis of the research aims to reveal the role of intermediary language in film translation. The text analysis utilized in this study relies on qualitative analysis. By comparing the source text with the target one, an attempt has been made to highlight their similarities and differences and whether the source text has undergone any major transformations in the course of mediated translation. Thus, some linguistic and cultural issues dealing with mediated translation have been examined and a number of conclusions have been drawn.

    References

    Adusumilli, Kerthi. 2007. “Natural Languages Translating Using an Intermediate Language.” International Journal of Computer Science. Accessed September 2, 2023. http://www.iaeng.org/IJCS/issues_v33/issue_1/IJCS_33_1_20.pdf

    Al-Shunnaq, Amal. 2014. “Aspects of Translating through Intermediate Languages.” Studies in Translation, 5(1). Accessed September 4, 2023. https://www.academia.edu/40821456

    Baker, Mona. 1992. In Other Words: A Coursebook on Translation. London and New York: Routledge.

    Chesterman, Andrew. 1997. Memes of Translation: The Spread of Ideas in Translation Theory. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins.

    Díaz-Cintas, Jorge and Remael, Aline. 2007. Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Manchester: St. Jerome Publishing.

    Gottlieb, Henrik. 1998. “Subtitling.” In Mona Baker (Ed.) Routledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies. London: Routledge.

    Yuanchun, Li; Latfullina, Landysh; Nagumanova, Elvira, and Khabibullina, Alsu. 2017. “Translator as a Mediator in the Dialogue of Literatures.” Journal of History Culture and Art Research, 6(5). Accessed September 2, 2023. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321771317

    Luyken Georg-Michael, et al. 1991. Overcoming Language Barriers in Television: Dubbing and Subtitling for European Audience. Manchester: European Institute for the Media.

    Nida, Eugene. 1964. Towards a Science of Translating with Special References to Principles and Procedures Involved in Bible Translation. Leiden: E. J. Brill.

    Nord, Christiane. 2018. Translation as a Purposeful Activity: Functional Approaches Explained. London: Routledge.

    Santamaria Guinot, Laura. 2001. Culture and Translation. The Referential and Expressive Value of Cultural References, in Chaume Varela et al. (eds.). Granada: Comares.

  • Articles

    Methods of Translating Non-Russian Proper Nouns Employed in Russian Texts

    Martina Napolitano
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    Abstract

    The present article deals with proper noun (PN) translation concentrating on the issue of non-Russian PNs employed in Russian texts. While the Italian translation tradition has in general opted for the method of transliteration of all PNs from Russian Cyrillic regardless of the name origins, a decolonizing approach would be that of considering non-Russian PNs as ‘translated’ terms from a third language. This approach will prove useful in expanding our understanding of how translation (and transliteration) may influence the perception of specific cultural and ethnic contexts embedded within source texts. In this article, examples of Kyrgyz, Armenian, Georgian, Azeri, and Belarusian PNs (from Victoria Lomasko’s The Last Soviet Artist) are provided. Avoiding intermediary translation (transliteration) from Russian Cyrillic, the translator (and author of this article) decided to reconstruct the original PNs encountered in the source text. The article thus discusses the reasons for the employment of such method when approaching PNs that are ‘mediated’ in the context of the source text, showing how this helps in decolonizing translation.

    References

    Azhniuk, Bohdan, and Azhniuk, Lesia. 2014. “Translating Personal Names in the USSR Successor States: Cross-Cultural and Sociolinguistic Perspectives.” Onomàstica. Biblioteca Tècnica de Política Lingüística, 256-260.

    Ballard, Michel. 2001. Le nom propre en traduction [The Proper Noun in Translation]. Paris: Ophrys.

    Batchelor, Kathryn (Ed.). 2009. Decolonizing Translation. Francophone African Novels in English Translation. Manchester: St. Jerome.

    Crisp, Simon. 1985. “The Formation and Development of Literary Avar.” In Sociolinguistic Perspectives on Soviet National Languages. Their Past, Present and Future, edited by Isabelle T. Kreindler. Berlin – New York – Amsterdam: Mouton de Gruyter, 143-162.

    Lomasko, Victoria. 2022. Altre Russie. Un reportage illustrato [Other Russias. An Illustrated Reportage]. Padova: BeccoGiallo.

    Lozano Miralles, Helena. 2001. De los nombres propios y su traducción [About Proper Nouns and Their Translation]. Madrid: Entreascuas.

    Napolitano, Martina. 2021. “I ritratti di testimonianza di Viktorija Lomasko [Victoria Lomasko’s Witness Portraits].” Slavica Tergestina 27: 272-291.

    Newark, Peter. 1981. Approaches to Translation. Oxford: Pergamon Press.

    Salmon, Laura. 2002. Lichnoe imya v russkom yazyke. Semiotika, pragmatika perevoda [The Proper Noun in Russian Language. Semiotics, Pragmatics of Translation]. Moskva: Indrik.

    Salmon, Laura. 2003. “L’antroponimia russa: semiotica, pragmatica, traduzione (1) [Russian Anthroponymy: Semiotics, Pragmatics, Translation (1)].” Quaderni di semantica 48: 278-332.

    Salmon, Laura. 2004. “L’antroponimia russa: semiotica, pragmatica, traduzione (2) [Russian Anthroponymy: Semiotics, Pragmatics, Translation (2)].” Quaderni di semantica 49: 39-103.

    Salmon, Laura. 2006. “La traduzione dei nomi propri nei testi finzionali. Teorie e strategie in ottica multidisciplinare [The Translation of Proper Nouns in Fiction. Theory and Strategies in a Multidisciplinary Approach].” In I Nomi nel tempo e nello spazio [Proper Nouns in Time and Space], edited by Maria Giovanna Arcamone, Donatella Bremer, Davide De Camilli, Bruno Porcelli. Pisa: ETS, 77-91.

    Superanskaya, Aleksandra. 1973. Obshchaya teoriya imeni sobstvennogo [General Theory of the Proper Name]. Moskva: Nauka.

    Uspensky, Boris. 1994. “Sotsial’naya zhizn’ russkikh familiy” [The Social Life of Russian Surnames]. In Russkie familii [Russian Surnames], Boris Unbegaun. Moskva: 336-364.

    Venuti, Lawrence. 1998. The Scandals of Translation. London-New York: Routledge.

    Viezzi, Maurizio. 2004. Denominazioni proprie e traduzione [Proper Nouns and Translation]. Milano: LED.

    Viezzi, Maurizio. 2017. “Toponimi, traduzione e il caso westö [Toponyms, Translation and the Westö Case].” Settentrione. Rivista di studi italo-finlandesi 29: 101-109.

    Vinogradov, Venedikt. 2001. Vvedenie v perevodovedenie [Introduction to Translation Studies]. Moskva: Izdatel’stvo instituta obshchego srednego obrazovaniya RAO.

  • Articles

    Problems of Mediated Translation in Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe

    Nona Harutyunyan
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    Abstract

    Mediated translation as a linguistic and literary phenomenon is of great interest in terms of studying the linguistic, structural, and linguo-cultural aspects of languages involved in the translation process. Despite the ambiguous attitudes of translation studies theorists and practitioners, translation through an intermediate language remains significant for the representation of distinct literatures from the perspective of different cultures. In fact, mediated translation seeks to understand the dynamics between the source and target languages, cultures, and communicative contexts, and how they can influence the translation process. Overall, the main goal is to gain insights into the translation process and its implications for communication and understanding between different languages and cultures. In recent years mediated translation has become a more popular concept in translation studies research field. This growing popularity is evident from the noticeable increase in the number of academic events and scientific publications on the topic. The current study aims at conducting a comparative analysis of the mediated translations of the novel Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe in English, Russian, and Armenian. An attempt has been made to illustrate the influence of intermediary language on the adequacy and equivalence of the translation of the abovementioned work highlighting the inconsistencies in the translation process. Basing on the research several conclusions have been drawn.

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